Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1913
The caliphate of ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb
فَتْحِ السُّوسِ ثُمَّ رَكِبَ أَبُو سَبْرَةَ فِي طَائِفَةٍ مِنَ الْجَيْشِ وَمَعَهُ أَبُو مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيُّ وَالنُّعْمَانُ بْنُ مُقَرِّنٍ، وَاسْتَصْحَبُوا مَعَهُمُ الْهُرْمُزَانَ، وَسَارُوا فِي طَلَبِ الْمُنْهَزِمِينَ مِنَ الْفُرْسِ حَتَّى نَزَلُوا عَلَى السُّوسِ. وَبِهَا شَهْرَيَارُ أَخُو الْهُرْمُزَانِ أَحَاطَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ بِهَا وَنَاوَشُوهُمُ الْقِتَالَ مَرَّاتٍ، كُلُّ ذَلِكَ يُصِيبُ أَهْلُ السُّوسِ فِي الْمُسْلِمِينَ، فَأَشْرَفَ عَلَيْهِمُ الرُّهْبَانُ وَالْقِسِّيسُونَ فَقَالُوا: يَا مَعْشَرَ الْعَرَبِ إِنْ مِمَّا عَهِدَ إِلَيْنَا عُلَمَاؤُنَا أَنَّهُ لَا يَفْتَحُ السُّوسَ إِلَّا الدَّجَّالُ أَوْ قَوْمٌ فِيهِمُ الدَّجَّالُ، فَإِنْ كَانَ فِيكُمْ فَسَتَفْتَحُونَهَا. وَسَارَ أَبُو مُوسَى إِلَى الْبَصْرَةِ مِنَ السُّوسِ، وَصَارَ مَكَانَهُ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْبَصْرَةِ بِالسُّوسِ الْمُقْتَرِبُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ، وَاجْتَمَعَ الْأَعَاجِمُ بِنَهَاوَنْدَ، وَالنُّعْمَانُ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ مُحَاصِرًا أَهْلَ السُّوسِ مَعَ أَبِي سَبْرَةَ، وَزِرٌّ مُحَاصِرًا أَهْلَ جُنْدَيْسَابُورَ. فَجَاءَ كِتَابُ عُمَرَ بِصَرْفِ النُّعْمَانِ إِلَى أَهْلِ نَهَاوَنْدَ مِنْ وَجْهِهِ ذَلِكَ، فَنَاوَشَهُمُ الْقِتَالَ قَبْلَ مَسِيرِهِ، فَصَاحَ أَهْلُهَا بِالْمُسْلِمِينَ وَنَاوَشُوهُمْ وَغَاظُوهُمْ، وَكَانَ صَافِي بْنُ صَيَّادٍ مَعَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فِي خَيْلِ النُّعْمَانِ، فَأَتَى صَافِي بَابَ السُّوسِ فَدَقَّهُ بِرِجْلِهِ فَقَالَ: انْفَتِحْ بَظَارَ ! وَهُوَ غَضْبَانُ، فَتَقَطَّعَتِ السَّلَاسِلُ وَتَكَسَّرَتِ الْأَغْلَاقُ وَتَفَتَّحَتِ الْأَبْوَابُ، وَدَخَلَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ، وَأَلْقَى الْمُشْرِكُونَ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ وَنَادَوْا: الصُّلْحَ الصُّلْحَ. فَأَجَابَهُمْ إِلَى ذَلِكَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ بَعْدَمَا دَخَلُوهَا عَنْوَةً، وَاقْتَسَمُوا مَا أَصَابُوا. ثُمَّ افْتَرَقُوا فَسَارَ النُّعْمَانُ حَتَّى أَتَى نَهَاوَنْدَ، وَسَارَ الْمُقْتَرِبُ حَتَّى نَزَلَ عَلَى جُنْدَيْسَابُورَ مَعَ زِرٍّ. وَقِيلَ لِأَبِي سَبْرَةَ: هَذَا جَسَدُ دَانْيَالَ فِي هَذِهِ الْمَدِينَةِ. قَالَ: وَمَا عَلَيَّ بِذَلِكَ ! فَأَقَرَّهُ فِي أَيْدِيهِمْ. وَكَانَ دَانْيَالُ قَدْ لَزِمَ نَوَاحِيَ فَارِسَ بَعْدَ بُخْتِ نَصَّرَ. فَلَمَّا حَضَرَتْهُ الْوَفَاةُ وَلَمْ يَرَ أَحَدًا عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ أَكْرَمَ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ عَمَّنْ لَمْ يُجِبْهُ، فَقَالَ لِابْنِهِ: ائْتِ سَاحِلَ الْبَحْرِ فَاقْذِفْ بِهَذَا الْكِتَابِ فِيهِ، فَأَخَذَهُ الْغُلَامُ وَغَابَ عَنْهُ وَعَادَ وَقَالَ لَهُ: قَدْ فَعَلْتُ. قَالَ: مَا صَنَعَ الْبَحْرُ ؟ قَالَ: مَا صَنَعَ شَيْئًا. فَغَضِبَ وَقَالَ: وَاللَّهِ مَا فَعَلْتَ الَّذِي أَمَرْتُكَ بِهِ ! فَخَرَجَ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ وَفَعَلَ فِعْلَتَهُ الْأُولَى. فَقَالَ: كَيْفَ رَأَيْتَ الْبَحْرَ صَنَعَ ؟ قَالَ: مَاجَ وَاصْطَفَقَ. فَغَضِبَ أَشَدَّ مِنَ الْأَوَّلِ وَقَالَ: وَاللَّهِ مَا فَعَلْتَ الَّذِي أَمَرْتُكَ بِهِ. فَعَادَ إِلَى الْبَحْرِ وَأَلْقَاهُ فِيهِ، فَانْفَلَقَ الْبَحْرُ عَنِ الْأَرْضِ وَانْفَجَرَتْ لَهُ الْأَرْضُ عَنْ مِثْلِ التَّنُّورِ، فَهَوَى فِيهَا ثُمَّ انْطَبَقَتْ عَلَيْهِ وَاخْتَلَطَ الْمَاءُ، فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ وَأَخْبَرَهُ بِمَا رَأَى قَالَ: الْآنَ صَدَقْتَ. وَمَاتَ دَانْيَالُ بِالسُّوسِ، وَكَانَ هُنَاكَ يُسْتَسْقَى بِجَسَدِهِ، فَاسْتَأْذَنُوا عُمَرَ فِيهِ فَأَمَرَ بِدَفْنِهِ. وَقِيلَ فِي أَمْرِ السُّوسِ: إِنَّ يَزْدَجِرْدَ سَارَ بَعْدَ وَقْعَةِ جَلُولَاءَ فَنَزَلَ إِصْطَخْرَ وَمَعَهُ سَيَاهُ فِي سَبْعِينَ مِنْ عُظَمَاءِ الْفُرْسِ، فَوَجَّهَهُ إِلَى السُّوسِ وَالْهُرْمُزَانَ إِلَى تُسْتَرَ، فَنَزَلَ سِيَاهُ الْكَلْتَانِيَّةَ، وَبَلَغَ أَهْلَ السُّوسِ أَمْرُ جَلُولَاءَ وَنُزُولُ يَزْدَجِرْدَ إِصْطَخْرَ، فَسَأَلُوا أَبَا مُوسَى الصُّلْحَ، وَكَانَ مُحَاصِرًا لَهُمْ، فَصَالَحَهُمْ وَسَارَ إِلَى رَامَهُرْمُزَ، ثُمَّ سَارَ إِلَى تُسْتَرَ، وَنَزَلَ سِيَاهُ بَيْنَ رَامَهُرْمُزَ وَتُسْتَرَ، وَدَعَا مَنْ مَعَهُ مِنْ عُظَمَاءِ الْفُرْسِ وَقَالَ لَهُمْ: قَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ أَنَّا كُنَّا نَتَحَدَّثُ أَنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمَ سَيَغْلِبُونَ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْمَمْلَكَةِ وَتَرُوثُ دَوَابُّهُمْ فِي إِيوَانَاتِ إِصْطَخْرَ، وَيَشُدُّونَ خُيُولَهُمْ فِي شَجَرِهَا، وَقَدْ غَلَبُوا عَلَى مَا رَأَيْتُمْ، فَانْظُرُوا لِأَنْفُسِكُمْ. قَالُوا: رَأْيُنَا رَأْيُكَ. قَالَ: أَرَى أَنْ تَدْخُلُوا فِي دِينِهِمْ. وَوَجَّهُوا شِيرَوَيْهِ فِي عَشَرَةٍ مِنَ الْأَسَاوِرَةِ إِلَى أَبِي مُوسَى، فَشَرَطَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يُقَاتِلُوا مَعَهُ الْعَجَمَ وَلَا يُقَاتِلُوا الْعَرَبَ، وَإِنْ قَاتَلَهُمْ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ مَنَعَهُمْ مِنْهُمْ، وَيَنْزِلُوا حَيْثُ شَاءُوا، وَيَلْحَقُوا بِأَشْرَفِ الْعَطَاءِ، وَيَعْقِدَ لَهُمْ ذَلِكَ عُمَرُ عَلَى أَنْ يُسْلِمُوا، فَأَعْطَاهُمْ عُمَرُ مَا سَأَلُوا، فَأَسْلَمُوا وَشَهِدُوا مَعَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ حِصَارَ تُسْتَرَ. وَمَضَى سِيَاهُ إِلَى حِصْنٍ قَدْ حَاصَرَهُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ فِي زِيِّ الْعَجَمِ، فَأَلْقَى نَفْسَهُ إِلَى جَانِبِ الْحِصْنِ وَنَضَحَ ثِيَابَهُ بِالدَّمِ، فَرَآهُ أَهْلُ الْحِصْنِ صَرِيعًا فَظَنُّوهُ رَجُلًا مِنْهُمْ فَفَتَحُوا بَابَ الْحِصْنِ لِيُدْخِلُوهُ إِلَيْهِمْ، فَوَثَبَ وَقَاتَلَهُمْ حَتَّى خَلَّوْا عَنِ الْحِصْنِ وَهَرَبُوا، فَمَلَكَهُ وَحْدَهُ. وَقِيلَ: إِنَّ هَذَا الْفِعْلَ كَانَ مِنْهُ بِتُسْتَرَ. إرسال الخمس والهرمزان إلى عمر بن الخطاب بالمدينة وبَعَثَ أَبُو سَبْرَةَ بِالْخُمْسِ وَبِالْهُرْمُزَانِ مَعَ وَفْدٍ فِيهِمْ أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ وَالْأَحْنَفُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ، فَلَمَّا اقْتَرَبُوا مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ هَيَّئُوا الْهُرْمُزَانَ بِلُبْسِهِ الَّذِي كَانَ يَلْبَسُهُ مِنَ الدِّيبَاجِ وَالذَّهَبِ الْمُكَلَّلِ بِالْيَاقُوتِ وَاللَّآلِئِ، ثُمَّ دَخَلُوا الْمَدِينَةَ وَهُوَ كَذَلِكَ، فَتَيَمَّمُوا بِهِ مَنْزِلَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، فَسَأَلُوا عَنْهُ فَقَالُوا: إِنَّهُ ذَهَبَ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ بِسَبَبِ وَفْدٍ مِنَ الْكُوفَةِ. فَجَاءُوا الْمَسْجِدَ فَلَمْ يَرَوْا أَحَدًا فَرَجَعُوا، فَإِذَا غِلْمَانٌ يَلْعَبُونَ فَسَأَلُوهُمْ عَنْهُ، فَقَالُوا: إِنَّهُ نَائِمٌ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ مُتَوَسِّدًا بُرْنُسًا لَهُ. فَرَجَعُوا إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَإِذَا هُوَ مُتَوَسِّدٌ بُرْنُسًا لَهُ كَانَ قَدْ لَبِسَهُ لِلْوَفْدِ، فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفُوا عَنْهُ تَوَسَّدَ الْبُرْنُسَ وَنَامَ وَلَيْسَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ غَيْرُهُ، وَالدِّرَّةُ مُعَلَّقَةٌ فِي يَدِهِ. فَقَالَ الْهُرْمُزَانُ أَيْنَ عُمَرُ ؟ فَقَالُوا: هُوَ ذَا. وَجَعَلَ النَّاسُ يَخْفِضُونَ أَصْوَاتَهُمْ لِئَلَّا يُنَبِّهُوهُ، وَجَعَلَ الْهُرْمُزَانُ يَقُولُ: وَأَيْنَ حُجَّابُهُ، أَيْنَ حَرَسُهُ ؟ فَقَالُوا: لَيْسَ لَهُ حُجَّابٌ وَلَا حَرَسٌ، وَلَا كَاتِبٌ وَلَا دِيوَانٌ. فَقَالَ: يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يَكُونَ نَبِيًّا. فَقَالُوا: بَلْ يَعْمَلُ عَمَلَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ. وَكَبَّرَ النَّاسُ، فَاسْتَيْقَظَ عُمَرُ بِالْجَلَبَةِ فَاسْتَوَى جَالِسًا، ثُمَّ نَظَرَ إِلَى الْهُرْمُزَانِ، فَقَالَ: الْهُرْمُزَانُ ؟ قَالُوا: نَعَمْ. فَتَأَمَّلَهُ وَتَأَمَّلَ مَا عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ النَّارِ، وَأَسْتَعِينُ بِاللَّهِ. ثُمَّ قَالَ: الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَذَلَّ بِالْإِسْلَامِ هَذَا وَأَشْيَاعَهُ، يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ تَمَسَّكُوا بِهَذَا الدِّينِ، وَاهْتَدَوْا بِهَدْيِ نَبِيِّكُمْ، وَلَا تُبْطِرَنَّكُمُ الدُّنْيَا فَإِنَّهَا غَرَّارَةٌ. فَقَالَ لَهُ الْوَفْدُ: هَذَا مَلِكُ الْأَهْوَازِ فَكَلِّمْهُ. فَقَالَ: لَا؛ حَتَّى لَا يَبْقَى عَلَيْهِ مِنْ حِلْيَتِهِ شَيْءٌ. فَفَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ وَأَلْبَسُوهُ ثَوْبًا صَفِيقًا، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: هَيَّ يَا هُرْمُزَانُ ! كَيْفَ رَأَيْتَ وَبَالَ الْغَدْرِ وَعَاقِبَةَ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ ؟ فَقَالَ: يَا عُمَرُ، إِنَّا وَإِيَّاكُمْ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ كَانَ اللَّهُ قَدْ خَلَّى بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ فَغَلَبْنَاكُمْ، إِذْ لَمْ يَكُنْ مَعَنَا وَلَا مَعَكُمْ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ مَعَكُمْ غَلَبْتُمُونَا. فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: إِنَّمَا غَلَبْتُمُونَا فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ بِاجْتِمَاعِكُمْ وَتَفَرُّقِنَا. ثُمَّ قَالَ عُمَرُ: مَا عُذْرُكَ وَمَا حُجَّتُكَ فِي انْتِقَاضِكَ مَرَّةً بَعْدَ مَرَّةٍ ؟ فَقَالَ: أَخَافُ أَنْ تَقْتُلَنِي قَبْلَ أَنْ أُخْبِرَكَ. قَالَ: لَا تَخَفْ ذَلِكَ. وَاسْتَسْقَى الْهُرْمُزَانُ مَاءً، فَأُتِيَ بِهِ فِي قَدَحٍ غَلِيظٍ، فَقَالَ: لَوْ مُتُّ عَطَشًا لَمْ أَسْتَطِعْ أَنْ أَشْرَبَ فِي هَذَا. فَأُتِيَ بِهِ فِي قَدَحٍ آخَرَ يَرْضَاهُ، فَلَمَّا أَخَذَهُ جَعَلَتْ يَدُهُ تَرْعَدُ، وَقَالَ: إِنِّي أَخَافُ أَنْ أُقْتَلَ وَأَنَا أَشْرَبُ. فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: لَا بَأْسَ عَلَيْكَ حَتَّى تَشْرَبَهُ. فَأَكْفَأَهُ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: أَعِيدُوهُ عَلَيْهِ، وَلَا تَجْمَعُوا عَلَيْهِ الْقَتْلَ وَالْعَطَشَ. فَقَالَ: لَا حَاجَةَ لِي فِي الْمَاءِ، إِنَّمَا أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَسْتَأْنِسَ بِهِ. فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ: إِنِّي قَاتِلُكَ. فَقَالَ: إِنَّكَ أَمَّنْتَنِي. قَالَ: كَذَبْتَ. فَقَالَ أَنَسٌ: صَدَقَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ. فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: وَيْحَكَ يَا أَنَسُ، أَنَا أُؤَمِّنُ قَاتِلَ مَجْزَأَةَ وَالْبَرَاءِ لَتَأْتِيَنِّي بِمَخْرَجٍ أَوْ لَأُعَاقِبَنَّكَ. قَالَ: قُلْتَ: لَا بَأْسَ عَلَيْكَ حَتَّى تُخْبِرَنِي. وَقُلْتَ: لَا بَأْسَ عَلَيْكَ حَتَّى تَشْرَبَهُ. وَقَالَ لَهُ مَنْ حَوْلَهُ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ. فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَى الْهُرْمُزَانِ، فَقَالَ: خَدَعْتَنِي، وَاللَّهِ لَا أَنْخَدِعُ إِلَّا أَنْ تُسْلِمَ، فَأَسْلَمَ، فَفَرَضَ لَهُ فِي أَلْفَيْنِ وَأَنْزَلَهُ الْمَدِينَةَ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ أَنَّ التَّرْجُمَانَ بَيْنَ عُمَرَ وَبَيْنَ الْهُرْمُزَانِ كَانَ الْمُغِيرَةَ بْنَ شُعْبَةَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ: قُلْ لَهُ: مِنْ أَيِّ أَرْضٍ أَنْتَ ؟ فَقَالَ: مِهْرِجَانِيٌّ. قَالَ: تَكَلَّمْ بِحُجَّتِكَ. فَقَالَ: أَكَلَامُ حَيٍّ أَمْ مَيِّتٍ ؟ قَالَ: بَلْ كَلَامُ حَيٍّ. فَقَالَ: قَدْ أَمَّنْتَنِي. فَقَالَ: خَدَعْتَنِي وَلَا أَقْبَلُ ذَلِكَ إِلَّا أَنْ تُسْلِمَ. فَأَسْلَمَ فَفَرَضَ لَهُ أَلْفَيْنِ وَأَنْزَلَهُ الْمَدِينَةَ. ثُمَّ جَاءَ زَيْدٌ فَتَرْجَمَ بَيْنَهُمَا أَيْضًا. قُلْتُ: وَقَدْ حَسُنَ إِسْلَامُ الْهُرْمُزَانِ، وَكَانَ لَا يُفَارِقُ عُمَرَ حَتَّى قُتِلَ عُمَرُ. اتهام الهرمزان بممالأة أبي لؤلؤة قاتل عمر وقتل عبيد الله بن عمر له فَاتَّهَمَهُ بَعْضُ النَّاسِ بِمُمَالَأَةِ أَبِي لُؤْلُؤَةَ هُوَ وَجُفَيْنَةُ، فَقَتَلَ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْهُرْمُزَانَ وَجُفَيْنَةَ، عَ. وَقَدْ رُوِّينَا أَنَّ الْهُرْمُزَانَ لَمَّا عَلَاهُ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بِالسَّيْفِ قَالَ: لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَمَّا جُفَيْنَةُ فَصَلَّبَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ. وَالْمَقْصُودُ أَنَّ عُمَرَ كَانَ يَحْجُرُ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَنْ يَتَوَسَّعُوا فِي بِلَادِ الْعَجَمِ؛ خَوْفًا عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ الْعَجَمِ، حَتَّى أَشَارَ عَلَيْهِ الْأَحْنَفُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ بِأَنَّ الْمَصْلَحَةَ تَقْتَضِي تَوَسُّعَهُمْ فِي الْفُتُوحَاتِ، فَإِنَّ الْمَلِكَ يَزْدَجِرْدَ لَا يَزَالُ يَسْتَحِثُّهُمْ عَلَى قِتَالِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَإِنْ لَمْ يُسْتَأْصَلْ سَاقُ الْعَجَمِ وَإِلَّا طَمِعُوا فِي الْإِسْلَامِ وَأَهْلِهِ، فَاسْتَحْسَنَ عُمَرُ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ وَصَوَّبَهُ، وَأَذِنَ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ فِي التَّوَسُّعِ فِي بِلَادِ الْعَجَمِ، فَفَتَحُوا بِسَبَبِ ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا كَثِيرًا، وَلِلَّهِ الْحَمْدُ.
Translation
✧ The Conquest of al-Sūs Then Abū Sabrah rode with a group of the army, and with him were Abū Mūsā al-Ashʿarī and al-Nuʿmān b. Muqarrin. They took al-Hurmuzān with them and set out in pursuit of the defeated Persians until they encamped at al-Sūs. Shahriyār, the brother of al-Hurmuzān, was there. The Muslims surrounded it and skirmished with them several times, and each time the people of al-Sūs inflicted losses on the Muslims. Then the monks and priests looked down upon them and said: "O company of Arabs, one of the things our scholars have bequeathed to us is that al-Sūs will be conquered only by the Dajjāl or by a people among whom is the Dajjāl. If he is among you, then you will conquer it." Abū Mūsā departed from al-Sūs to al-Baṣrah, and al-Muqtarib b. Rabīʿah took his place over the people of al-Baṣrah at al-Sūs. The Persians gathered at Nahāwand, while al-Nuʿmān was over the people of al-Kūfah besieging the people of al-Sūs together with Abū Sabrah, and Zirr was besieging the people of Jundaysābūr. Then ʿUmar's letter came ordering al-Nuʿmān to go to the people of Nahāwand from that direction. He skirmished with them before his departure, and its people shouted at the Muslims, skirmished with them, and angered them. Ṣāfī b. Ṣayyād was with the Muslims in al-Nuʿmān's cavalry. Ṣāfī came to the gate of al-Sūs and struck it with his foot, saying: "Open, O harlot!" while he was angry. The chains broke, the locks shattered, and the gates opened. The Muslims entered, and the polytheists surrendered and called out: "Peace, peace!" The Muslims granted them that after entering it by force, and they divided what they had captured. Then they separated. Al-Nuʿmān marched until he reached Nahāwand, and al-Muqtarib marched until he encamped at Jundaysābūr with Zirr. Abū Sabrah was told: "This is the body of Daniel in this city." He said: "What concern is that to me?" and left it in their hands. Daniel had stayed in the regions of Persia after Nebuchadnezzar. When death came to him and he saw no one upon Islam who would honor the Book of God more than one who did not respond to him, he said to his son: "Go to the seashore and cast this book into it." The boy took it, went out of his sight, returned, and said to him: "I have done it." He said: "What did the sea do?" He said: "It did nothing." He became angry and said: "By God, you did not do what I commanded you!" So the boy went out from him and did as he had done the first time. He said: "How did you see the sea behave?" He said: "It surged and clashed together." He became angrier than the first time and said: "By God, you did not do what I commanded you." So he returned to the sea and cast it in, and the sea split open from the land, and the land burst open for him like an oven, and it fell into it, then closed over it, and the water mingled together. When he returned to him and told him what he had seen, he said: "Now you have spoken the truth." Daniel died at al-Sūs, and there his body was used to seek rain. They sought ʿUmar's permission regarding it, and he ordered that it be buried. It is also said concerning the affair of al-Sūs that Yazdajird marched after the battle of Jalūlāʾ and encamped at Iṣṭakhr, and with him was Siyāh among seventy of the Persian nobles. He sent him to al-Sūs and al-Hurmuzān to Tustar. Siyāh encamped at al-Kaltāniyyah. The people of al-Sūs learned of the affair of Jalūlāʾ and the encampment of Yazdajird at Iṣṭakhr, so they asked Abū Mūsā for peace while he was besieging them. He made peace with them and marched to Rāmahurmuz, then marched to Tustar. Siyāh encamped between Rāmahurmuz and Tustar. He summoned the Persian nobles who were with him and said to them: "You know that we used to say that these people would conquer this kingdom and that their beasts would graze in the halls of Iṣṭakhr and they would tie their horses to its trees. They have conquered what you have seen, so consider your own affairs." They said: "Our opinion is your opinion." He said: "I think you should enter their religion." They sent Shīrawayh with ten of the asāwirah to Abū Mūsā. Abū Mūsā stipulated to them that they would fight the Persians alongside him and not fight the Arabs; if any Arabs fought them, he would protect them from them; they could settle wherever they wished; they would be attached to the most noble stipend; and ʿUmar would conclude that for them on condition that they embrace Islam. ʿUmar granted them what they asked, so they embraced Islam and witnessed with the Muslims the siege of Tustar. Siyāh went to a fortress which the Muslims were besieging, in the guise of the Persians. He threw himself beside the fortress and sprinkled his clothes with blood. The people of the fortress saw him lying stricken and thought he was one of them, so they opened the gate of the fortress to bring him in. He leapt up and fought them until they abandoned the fortress and fled, and he seized it alone. It is also said that this deed of his was at Tustar. The Sending of the Fifth and al-Hurmuzān to ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb in al-Madīnah Abū Sabrah sent the fifth and al-Hurmuzān with a delegation that included Anas b. Mālik and al-Aḥnaf b. Qays. When they drew near to al-Madīnah, they dressed al-Hurmuzān in the clothing he used to wear of brocade and gold studded with rubies and pearls. Then they entered al-Madīnah with him in that state and made for the dwelling of the Commander of the Faithful. They asked about him and were told: "He has gone to the mosque on account of a delegation from al-Kūfah." They came to the mosque and saw no one, so they returned. Then they saw boys playing and asked them about him. They said: "He is sleeping in the mosque, using a burnous of his as a pillow." They returned to the mosque and found him using a burnous of his as a pillow, which he had put on for the delegation. When they had left him, he used the burnous as a pillow and slept, and there was no one else in the mosque. The whip was hanging from his hand. Al-Hurmuzān said: "Where is ʿUmar?" They said: "There he is." The people began to lower their voices so as not to wake him, and al-Hurmuzān kept saying: "Where are his chamberlains? Where is his guard?" They said: "He has no chamberlains, no guard, no scribe, and no registry." He said: "He ought to be a prophet." They said: "Rather, he does the works of the prophets." The people said the takbīr, and ʿUmar awoke at the clamor and sat up. Then he looked at al-Hurmuzān and said: "Al-Hurmuzān?" They said: "Yes." He examined him and examined what was upon him, then said: "I seek refuge in God from the Fire, and I seek help from God." Then he said: "Praise be to God who has humiliated this man and his followers through Islam. O company of Muslims, hold fast to this religion and be guided by the guidance of your Prophet, and let not this world make you insolent, for it is deceitful." The delegation said to him: "This is the king of al-Ahwāz, so speak to him." He said: "No, not until nothing of his finery remains upon him." So they did that and dressed him in a coarse garment. ʿUmar said: "Come now, O Hurmuzān! How did you find the evil consequence of treachery and the outcome of God's command?" He said: "O ʿUmar, in the time of ignorance God had left us and you to ourselves, and we overcame you since He was not with us or with you. But when He was with you, you overcame us." ʿUmar said: "You overcame us in the time of ignorance only through your unity and our division." Then ʿUmar said: "What is your excuse and what is your argument for breaking your covenant time after time?" He said: "I fear that you will kill me before I inform you." He said: "Do not fear that." Al-Hurmuzān asked for water, and it was brought to him in a thick bowl. He said: "If I were dying of thirst, I could not drink from this." It was brought to him in another bowl that pleased him. When he took it, his hand began to tremble, and he said: "I fear that I will be killed while I am drinking." ʿUmar said: "You are safe until you drink it." He spilled it. ʿUmar said: "Give it to him again, and do not combine killing and thirst for him." He said: "I have no need for water. I only wanted to feel at ease through it." ʿUmar said to him: "I am going to kill you." He said: "You have granted me safety." He said: "You lie." Anas said: "He has spoken the truth, O Commander of the Faithful." ʿUmar said: "Woe to you, O Anas! Shall I grant safety to the killer of Mujazzaʾah and al-Barāʾ? Bring me a way out or I will punish you." He said: "You said: 'You are safe until you inform me,' and you said: 'You are safe until you drink it.'" Those around him said the same. He turned to al-Hurmuzān and said: "You have deceived me. By God, I will not be deceived except that you embrace Islam." So he embraced Islam, and ʿUmar assigned him a stipend of two thousand and lodged him in al-Madīnah. In another narration, the interpreter between ʿUmar and al-Hurmuzān was al-Mughīrah b. Shuʿbah. ʿUmar said to him: "Ask him: From which land are you?" He said: "A Mihrajānī." He said: "State your argument." He said: "Is it the speech of a living man or a dead one?" He said: "Rather the speech of a living man." He said: "You have granted me safety." He said: "You have deceived me, and I will not accept that except that you embrace Islam." So he embraced Islam, and he assigned him a stipend of two thousand and lodged him in al-Madīnah. Then Zayd came and interpreted between them as well. I say: Al-Hurmuzān's Islam became good, and he did not leave ʿUmar's side until ʿUmar was killed. The Accusation of al-Hurmuzān of Conspiring with Abū Luʾluʾah, the Killer of ʿUmar, and ʿUbayd Allāh b. ʿUmar's Killing of Him Some people accused him and Jufaynah of conspiring with Abū Luʾluʾah. So ʿUbayd Allāh b. ʿUmar killed al-Hurmuzān and Jufaynah, ؓ. It has been reported to us that when ʿUbayd Allāh struck al-Hurmuzān with the sword, he said: "There is no god but God." As for Jufaynah, he made the sign of the cross over his face. The intended point is that ʿUmar used to forbid the Muslims from expanding in the lands of the Persians, out of fear for them from the Persians, until al-Aḥnaf b. Qays advised him that the best interest required their expansion in the conquests, for the king Yazdajird would not cease inciting them against the Muslims. If the root of the Persians was not extirpated, they would covet Islam and its people. ʿUmar approved of that from him and deemed it correct, and he permitted the Muslims to expand in the lands of the Persians. As a result, they conquered a great deal, and praise be to God.
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