Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1877
The caliphate of ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb
لَيْلَةِ الْهَرِيرِ فَلَمَّا أَمْسَى النَّاسُ فِي يَوْمِهِمْ ذَلِكَ، وهو اليوم الثالث وَطَعَنُوا فِي اللَّيْلِ، اشْتَدَّ الْقِتَالُ وَصَبَرَ الْفَرِيقَانِ، وَقَامَتْ فِيهَا الْحَرْبُ إِلَى الصَّبَاحِ لَا يَنْطِقُونَ، كَلَامُهُمُ الْهَرِيرُ، فَسُمِّيَتْ لَيْلَةَ الْهَرِيرِ. وقِيلَ: إِنَّمَا سُمِّيَتْ بِذَلِكَ لِتَرْكِهِمُ الْكَلَامَ إِنَّمَا كَانُوا يَهِرُّونَ هَرِيرًا، وَأَرْسَلَ سَعْدٌ طُلَيْحَةَ وَعَمْرًا لَيْلَةَ الْهَرِيرِ إِلَى مَخَاضَةٍ أَسْفَلَ الْعَسْكَرِ، لِيَقُومُوا عَلَيْهَا خَشْيَةَ أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُ الْقَوْمُ مِنْهَا. فَلَمَّا أَتَيَاهَا قَالَ طُلَيْحَةُ: لَوْ خُضْنَا وَأَتَيْنَا الْأَعَاجِمَ مِنْ خَلْفِهِمْ. قَالَ عَمْرٌو: بَلْ نَعْبُرُ أَسْفَلَ. فَافْتَرَقَا، وَأَخَذَ طُلَيْحَةُ وَرَاءَ الْعَسْكَرِ وَكَبَّرَ ثَلَاثَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ، ثُمَّ ذَهَبَ وَقَدِ ارْتَاعَ أَهْلُ فَارِسَ وَتَعَجَّبَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ، وَطَلَبَهُ الْأَعَاجِمُ فَلَمْ يُدْرِكُوهُ. وَأَمَّا عَمْرٌو فَإِنَّهُ أَغَارَ أَسْفَلَ الْمَخَاضَةِ وَرَجَعَ، وَخَرَجَ مَسْعُودُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ الْأَسَدِيُّ، وَعَاصِمُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو، وَابْنُ ذِي الْبُرْدَيْنِ الْهِلَالِيُّ، وَابْنُ ذِي السَّهْمَيْنِ، وَقَيْسُ بْنُ هُبَيْرَةَ الْأَسَدِيُّ وَأَشْبَاهُهُمْ فَطَارَدُوا الْقَوْمَ، فَإِذَا هُمْ لَا يَشُدُّونَ وَلَا يُرِيدُونَ غَيْرَ الزَّحْفِ، فَقَدَّمُوا صُفُوفَهُمْ وَزَاحَفَهُمُ النَّاسُ بِغَيْرِ إِذَنْ سَعْدٍ، وَكَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ زَاحَفَهُمُ الْقَعْقَاعُ، وَقَالَ سَعْدٌ: اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْهَا لَهُ وَانْصُرْهُ، فَقَدْ أَذِنْتُ لَهُ إِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَأْذِنِّي. ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَرَى الْأَمْرَ مَا فِيهِ هَذَا، فَإِذَا كَبَّرْتُ ثَلَاثًا فَاحْمِلُوا، وَكَبَّرَ وَاحِدَةً فَلَحِقَهُمْ أَسَدٌ، فَقَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْهَا لَهُمْ وَانْصُرْهُمْ. ثُمَّ حَمَلَتِ النَّخَعُ فَقَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْهَا لَهُمْ وَانْصُرْهُمْ. ثُمَّ حَمَلَتْ بَجِيلَةُ فَقَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْهَا لَهُمْ وَانْصُرْهُمْ. ثُمَّ حَمَلَتْ كِنْدَةُ فَقَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْهَا لَهُمْ وَانْصُرْهُمْ. ثُمَّ زَحَفَ الرُّؤَسَاءُ وَرَحَا الْحَرْبِ تَدُورُ عَلَى الْقَعْقَاعِ، وَتَقَدَّمَ حَنْظَلَةُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ، وَأُمَرَاءُ الْأَعْشَارِ، وَطُلَيْحَةُ، وَغَالِبٌ، وَحَمَّالٌ، وَأَهْلُ النَّجَدَاتِ، وَلَمَّا كَبَّرَ الثَّالِثَةَ لَحِقَ النَّاسُ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا، وَخَالَطُوا الْقَوْمَ، وَاسْتَقَبَلُوا اللَّيْلَ اسْتِقْبَالًا بَعْدَمَا صَلَّوُا الْعِشَاءَ، وَكَانَ صَلِيلُ الْحَدِيدِ فِيهَا كَصَوْتِ الْقُيُونِ لَيْلَتَهُمْ إِلَى الصَّبَاحِ، وَأَفْرَغَ اللَّهُ الصَّبْرَ عَلَيْهِمْ إِفْرَاغًا، وَبَاتَ سَعْدٌ بِلَيْلَةٍ لَمْ يَبِتْ بِمِثْلِهَا، وَرَأَى الْعَرَبُ وَالْعَجَمُ أَمْرًا لَمْ يَرَوْا مِثْلَهُ قَطُّ، وَانْقَطَعَتِ الْأَخْبَارُ وَالْأَصْوَاتُ عَنْ سَعْدٍ وَرُسْتُمَ، وَأَقْبَلَ سَعْدٌ عَلَى الدُّعَاءِ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ عِنْدَ الصُّبْحِ انْتَمَى النَّاسُ، فَاسْتَدَلَّ بِذَلِكَ عَلَى أَنَّهُمُ الْأَعْلَوْنَ، وَكَانَ أَوَّلُ شَيْءٍ سَمِعَهُ نِصْفَ اللَّيْلِ الْبَاقِي صَوْتَ الْقَعْقَاعِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: نَحْنُ قَتَلْنَا مَعْشَرًا وَزَائِدًا أَرْبَعَةً وَخَمْسَةً وَوَاحِدَا نُحْسَبُ فَوْقَ اللِّبَدِ وَالْأَسَاوِدَا حَتَّى إِذَا مَاتُوا دَعَوْتُ جَاهِدَا اللَّهُ رَبِّي وَاحْتَرَزْتُ عَامِدَا وَقَتَلَتْ كِنْدَةُ تُرْكًا الطَّبَرِيَّ، وَكَانَ مُقَدَّمًا فِيهِمْ.
Translation
✧ THE NIGHT OF AL-HARĪR (THE GROWLING) When evening fell upon the people on that day—the third day—and they thrust into the night, the fighting intensified and both parties held firm. War stood in it until morning without them speaking; their speech was a growling (harīr), so it was called the Night of al-Harīr. It is said that it was only called that because they abandoned speech, merely growling a growl. On the Night of al-Harīr, Saʿd sent Ṭulayḥa and ʿAmr to a ford below the camp so that they might stand upon it, fearing that the enemy might come upon him from there. When the two reached it, Ṭulayḥa said, "If only we crossed and came upon the Persians from behind them." ʿAmr said, "Rather, let us cross below." So they separated. Ṭulayḥa went behind the army and called out three takbīrs, then departed. The people of Persia were alarmed, and the Muslims marveled. The Persians sought him but did not catch him. As for ʿAmr, he raided below the ford and returned. Masʿūd b. Mālik al-Asadī, ʿĀṣim b. ʿAmr, Ibn Dhī al-Burdayn al-Hilālī, Ibn Dhī al-Sahmayn, Qays b. Hubayra al-Asadī, and their likes went out and pursued the enemy. They found that the enemy did not charge or intend anything but the advance. So they advanced their ranks, and the people engaged them in close combat without Saʿd's permission. The first to engage them was al-Qaʿqāʿ. Saʿd said, "O Allah, forgive him for it and grant him victory, for I have permitted him even though he did not seek my permission." Then he said, "I see that this matter cannot be without this. So when I call out three takbīrs, then charge." He called out one takbīr, and the Banū Asad joined them. He said, "O Allah, forgive them for it and grant them victory." Then the Nakhaʿ charged and he said, "O Allah, forgive them for it and grant them victory." Then the Bajīla charged and he said, "O Allah, forgive them for it and grant them victory." Then the Kinda charged and he said, "O Allah, forgive them for it and grant them victory." Then the commanders advanced, and the mill of war turned upon al-Qaʿqāʿ. Ḥanẓala b. al-Rabīʿ, the commanders of the tenths, Ṭulayḥa, Ghālib, Ḥammāl, and the people of courage came forward. When he called out the third takbīr, the people caught up with one another, mingled with the enemy, and faced the night after they had prayed the evening prayer (ʿishāʾ). In it the clashing of iron was like the sound of blacksmiths throughout their night until morning. Allah poured forth patience upon them in abundance. Saʿd spent a night such as he had never spent before. The Arabs and the Persians witnessed something the like of which they had never seen. News and voices were cut off from Saʿd and Rustam. Saʿd turned to supplication. When it was near dawn, the people raised their battle cries, which indicated that they were prevailing. The first thing he heard in the remaining half of the night was the voice of al-Qaʿqāʿ b. ʿAmr saying: "We killed a band and increased it by four, five, and one; we are reckoned above the felt cloths and the black serpents. When they died, I called out striving: 'Allah is my Lord,' and I guarded myself intentionally." The Kinda killed a Turk, al-Ṭabarī, who was a leader among them.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.