Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1849
The caliphate of Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq ᴿᴬ
فَصْلٌ فِي شَجَاعَتِهِ وَأَنَّهُ أَشْجَعُ الصَّحَابَةِ أَخْرَجَ الْبَزَّارُ فِي «مُسْنَدِهِ» عَنْ عَلِيٍّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: (أَخْبِرُونِي مَنْ أَشْجَعُ النَّاسِ؟) قَالُوا: أَنْتَ، قَالَ: (أَمَا إِنِّي مَا بَارَزْتُ أَحَدًا.. إِلَّا انْتَصَفْتُ مِنْهُ، وَلَكِنْ أَخْبِرُونِي بِأَشْجَعِ النَّاسِ). قَالُوا: لَا نَعْلَمُ، فَمَنْ؟ قَالَ: (أَبُو بَكْرٍ، إِنَّهُ لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ.. جَعَلْنَا لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَرِيشًا، فَقُلْنَا: مَنْ يَكُونُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِئَلَّا يَهْوِيَ إِلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ، فَوَاللَّهِ، مَا دَنَا مِنَّا أَحَدٌ إِلَّا أَبُو بَكْرٍ شَاهِرًا بِالسَّيْفِ عَلَى رَأْسِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، لَا يَهْوِي إِلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ.. إِلَّا هَوَى إِلَيْهِ ; فَهَذَا أَشْجَعُ النَّاسِ). قَالَ عَلِيٌّ: (وَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَخَذَتْهُ قُرَيْشٌ، فَهَذَا يَجَؤُهُ، وَهَذَا يُتَلْتِلُهُ، وَهُمْ يَقُولُونَ: أَنْتَ الَّذِي جَعَلْتَ الْآلِهَةَ إِلَهًا وَاحِدًا؟ ! قَالَ: فَوَاللَّهِ، مَا دَنَا مِنَّا أَحَدٌ إِلَّا أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَضْرِبُ هَذَا، وَيَجْبَأُ وَيُجَأَ هَذَا، وَيُتَلْتِلُ هَذَا، وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: وَيْلَكُمْ: أَتَقْتُلُونَ رَجُلا أَنْ يَقُولَ رَبِّيَ اللَّهُ. ثُمَّ رُفِعَ عَلَى بُرْدَةٍ كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ، فَبَكَى حَتَّى اخْضَلَّتْ لِحْيَتُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ: (أَنْشُدُكُمْ بِاللَّهِ، أَمُؤْمِنُ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ خَيْرٌ أَمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؟) فَسَكَتَ الْقَوْمُ، فَقَالَ: أَلَا تُجِيبُونِي؟ فَوَاللَّهِ، لَسَاعَةٌ مِنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ خَيْرٌ مِنْ مِثْلِ مُؤْمِنِ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ، ذَاكَ رَجُلٌ يَكْتُمُ إِيمَانَهُ، وَهَذَا رَجُلٌ أَعْلَنَ إِيمَانَهُ). وَأَخْرَجَ الْبُخَارِيُّ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ عَنْ أَشَدِّ مَا صَنَعَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: (رَأَيْتُ عُقْبَةَ بْنَ أَبِي مُعَيْطٍ جَاءَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَهُوَ يُصَلِّي، فَوَضَعَ رِدَاءَهُ فِي عُنُقِهِ، فَخَنَقَهُ خَنْقًا شَدِيدًا، فَجَاءَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ حَتَّى دَفَعَهُ عَنْهُ، فَقَالَ: أَتَقْتُلُونَ رَجُلا أَنْ يَقُولَ رَبِّيَ اللَّهُ وَقَدْ جَاءَكُمْ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ. وَأَخْرَجَ ابْنُ عَسَاكِرَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ قَالَتْ: (لَمَّا اجْتَمَعَ أَصْحَابُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ، فَكَانُوا ثَمَانِيَةً وَثَلَاثِينَ رَجُلًا.. أَلَحَّ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي الظُّهُورِ، فَقَالَ: «يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ، إِنَّا قَلِيلٌ»، فَلَمْ يَزَلْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يُلِحُّ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى ظَهَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَتَفَرَّقَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ فِي نَوَاحِي الْمَسْجِدِ، كُلُّ رَجُلٍ فِي عَشِيرَتِهِ، وَقَامَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فِي النَّاسِ خَطِيبًا، فَكَانَ أَوَّلَ خَطِيبٍ دَعَا إِلَى اللَّهِ وَإِلَى رَسُولِهِ، وَثَارَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ، فَضُرِبُوا فِي نُوَاحِي الْمَسْجِدِ ضَرْبًا شَدِيدًا). وَأَخْرَجَ ابْنُ عَسَاكِرَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ قَالَ: (لَمَّا أَسْلَمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ... أَظْهَرَ إِسْلَامَهُ، وَدَعَا إِلَى اللَّهِ وَإِلَى رَسُولِهِ.
Translation
✧ A section on his courage and that he was the bravest of the Companions. Al-Bazzār narrated in his Musnad from ʿAlī that he said: “Tell me who is the bravest of people?” They said: “You.” He said: “Indeed, I never dueled anyone except that I got the better of him, but tell me who is the bravest of people.” They said: “We do not know, so who?” He said: “Abū Bakr. On the day of Badr, we made an arbor for the Messenger of God ﷺ and said: ‘Who will be with the Messenger of God ﷺ so that none of the polytheists falls upon him?’ By God, none came near us except Abū Bakr, brandishing a sword over the head of the Messenger of God ﷺ. No one fell upon him except that he fell upon that one. So this is the bravest of people.” ʿAlī said: “I saw the Messenger of God ﷺ when Quraysh seized him. One was trampling him, another was shaking him violently, and they were saying: ‘Are you the one who made the gods one god?!’ He said: By God, none came near us except Abū Bakr, striking this one, fending off that one, while being trampled, and shaking that one, and saying: ‘Woe to you! Would you kill a man because he says, My Lord is God?’ Then he raised his burdah that was upon him and wept until his beard was soaked. Then he said: ‘I adjure you by God: is the believer of the family of Pharaoh better or is Abū Bakr?’ The people fell silent. He said: ‘Will you not answer me? By God, a single hour of Abū Bakr is better than the like of the believer of the family of Pharaoh. That was a man who concealed his faith, and this is a man who proclaimed his faith.’” Al-Bukhārī narrated from ʿUrwah b. al-Zubayr who said: I asked ʿAbdallāh b. ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ about the worst thing the polytheists did to the Messenger of God ﷺ. He said: “I saw ʿUqbah b. Abī Muʿayṭ come to the Prophet ﷺ while he was praying, and he placed his cloak around his neck and choked him severely. Then Abū Bakr came and pushed him away from him, saying: ‘Would you kill a man because he says, My Lord is God, and he has brought you clear proofs from your Lord?’” Ibn ʿAsākir narrated from ʿĀʾishah ؓ that she said: “When the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ gathered and were thirty-eight men, Abū Bakr insisted to the Messenger of God ﷺ about appearing publicly. He said: ‘O Abū Bakr, we are few.’ Abū Bakr kept insisting to the Messenger of God ﷺ until the Messenger of God ﷺ appeared and the Muslims dispersed in the corners of the mosque, each man among his clan. Abū Bakr stood among the people as a speaker, and he was the first speaker to call to God and to His Messenger. The polytheists rose against Abū Bakr and the Muslims and beat them severely in the corners of the mosque.” And Ibn ʿAsākir narrated from ʿAlī ؓ that he said: “When Abū Bakr embraced Islam... he proclaimed his Islam and called to God and to His Messenger.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.