Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1746
The illness of the Prophet ﷺ and his death
اشْتِدَادِ الْوَجَعِ عَلَيْهِ- زَادَهُ اللَّهُ فَضْلًا وَشَرَفًا- رَوَى ابْنُ حِبَّانَ وَابْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ قَالَتْ: جَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَشْتَكِي وَيَتَقَلَّبُ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: لَوْ فَعَلَ هَذَا بَغِضْنَا قَالَ: «إِنَّ الْأَنْبِيَاءَ يُشَدَّدُ عَلَيْهِمْ». وَرَوَى الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ وَالشَّيْخَانِ وَابْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ؓ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَمَسِسْتُهُ بِيَدِي فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّكَ لَتُوعَكُ وَعَكًا شَدِيدًا قَالَ: «أَجَلْ إِنِّي أُوعَكُ كَمَا يُوعَكُ رَجُلَانِ مِنْكُمْ» قُلْتُ: ذَاكَ بِأَنَّ لَكَ أَجْرَيْنِ ؟ قَالَ: «نَعَمْ، وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ مَا عَلَى الْأَرْضِ مُسْلِمٌ يُصِيبُهُ أَذًى مِنْ مَرَضٍ فَمَا سِوَاهُ إِلَّا حَطَّ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ مِنْ خَطَايَاهُ كَمَا تَحُطُّ الشَّجَرَةُ وَرَقَهَا»-. وَرَوَى ابْنُ سَعْدٍ وَالشَّيْخَانِ وَالْبَلَاذُرِيُّ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ قَالَتْ: مَا رَأَيْتُ أَحَدًا أَشَدَّ عَلَيْهِ الْوَجَعُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ. وَرَوَى الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ وَابْنُ سَعْدٍ وَالْبُخَارِيُّ فِي «الْأَدَبِ» وَابْنُ أَبِي الدُّنْيَا وَابْنُ مَاجَهْ وَأَبُو يَعْلَى وَالْحَاكِمُ وَصَحَّحَهُ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ ؓ فَإِذَا عَلَيْهِ صَالِبٌ مِنَ الْحُمَّى مَا تَكَادُ تَقِرُّ يَدُ أَحَدِنَا عَلَيْهِ مِنْ شِدَّةِ الْحُمَّى. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ «دَخَلْنَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَعَلَيْهِ قَطِيفَةٌ فَوَضَعْتُ يَدِي عَلَيْهِ فَوْقَ الْقَطِيفَةِ فَوَجَدْتُ حَرَارَتَهَا فَوْقَ الْقَطِيفَةِ فَجَعَلْنَا نُسَبِّحُ فَقَالَ: «لَيْسَ أَحَدٌ أَشَدَّ بَلَاءً مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ، كَمَا يُشَدَّدُ عَلَيْنَا الْبَلَاءُ يُضَاعَفُ لَنَا الْأَجْرُ، إِنْ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ لَيُسَلَّطُ عَلَيْهِ الْقُمَّلُ حَتَّى يَقْتُلَهُ وَإِنْ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ لَيُعَرَّى مَا يَجِدُ شَيْئًا يُوَارِي عَوْرَتَهُ إِلَّا الْعَبَاءَةَ يَدْرِعُهَا، وَإِنْ كَانُوا لَيَفْرَحُونَ بِالْبَلَاءِ كَمَا يَفْرَحُونَ بِالرَّخَاءِ». وَرَوَى ابْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَالْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ بِإِسْنَادٍ صَحِيحٍ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ وَالْحَاكِمُ وَابْنُ الْجَوْزِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ عَمَّتِهِ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ الْيَمَانِ أُخْتِ حُذَيْفَةَ قَالَتْ: أَتَيْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي نِسَاءٍ نَعُودُهُ فَإِذَا سِقَاءٌ مُعَلَّقٌ نَحْوَهُ يَقْطُرُ مَاؤُهُ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ شِدَّةِ مَا يَجِدُ مِنْ حَرِّ الْحُمَّى فَقُلْنَا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَوْ دَعَوْتَ اللَّهَ يَكْشِفُ عَنْكَ فَقَالَ: رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ أَشَدَّ النَّاسِ بَلَاءً الْأَنْبِيَاءُ، ثُمَّ الَّذِينَ يَلُونَهُمْ، ثُمَّ الَّذِينَ يَلُونَهُمْ». وَرَوَى الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ طَرَقَهُ وَجَعٌ فَجَعَلَ يَشْتَكِي وَيَتَقَلَّبُ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ عَائِشَةُ لَوْ صَنَعَ هَذَا بَعْضُنَا لَوَجَدْتُ عَلَيْهِ ! فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ الصَّالِحِينَ يُشَدَّدُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَإِنَّهُ لَا يُصِيبُ الْمُؤْمِنَ نَكْبَةٌ مِنْ شَوْكَةٍ فَمَا فَوْقَ ذَلِكَ إِلَّا حُطَّتْ بِهَا عَنْهُ خَطِيئَةٌ وَرُفِعَ بِهَا دَرَجَةً». وَرَوَى ابْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: مَرِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَرَضًا اشْتَدَّ مِنْهُ ضَجَرُهُ أَوْ وَجَعُهُ فَجَعَلَ يَشْتَكِي وَيَتَقَلَّبُ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّكَ لَتَجْزَعُ أَوْ تَضْجَرُ، لَوْ صَنَعَ هَذَا بَعْضُنَا لَوَجَدْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يُشَدَّدُ عَلَيْهِمْ، لِأَنَّهُ لَا يُصِيبُ الْمُؤْمِنَ نَكْبَةٌ مِنْ شَوْكَةٍ فَمَا فَوْقَهَا وَلَا وَجَعٌ إِلَّا رَفَعَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لَهُ بِهَا دَرَجَةً وَحَطَّ عَنْهُ بِهَا خَطِيئَةً». وَرَوَى الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ وَالتِّرْمِذِيُّ وَحَسَّنَهُ عَنْ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ ؓ قَالَ: لَمَّا ثَقُلَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَجَعُهُ هَبَطَ وَهَبَطَ النَّاسُ مَعَهُ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَقَدْ أُصْمِتَ فَلَمْ يَتَكَلَّمْ، فَجَعَلَ يَرْفَعُ يَدَيْهِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ ثُمَّ يَضَعُهَا عَلَيَّ، أَعْرِفُ أَنَّهُ يَدْعُو لِي. وَرَوَى النَّسَائِيُّ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ قَالَتْ: أُغْمِيَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ فِي حُجْرَتِي، فَجَعَلْتُ أَمْسَحُ لَهُ وَجْهَهُ وَأَدْعُو لَهُ بِالشِّفَاءِ، فَقَالَ: «بَلْ أَسْأَلُ اللَّهَ الرَّفِيقَ الْأَعْلَى لِأَسْعَدَ مَعَ جِبْرِيلَ وَمِيكَائِيلَ وَإِسْرَافِيلَ». وَرَوَى الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ فِي «الزُّهْدِ» وَابْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ قَالَ دَخَلْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ يُوعَكُ فَوَضَعْتُ يَدِي فَوْقَ ثَوْبِهِ، فَوَجَدْتُ حَرَّهَا مِنْ فَوْقِ الثَّوْبِ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا وَجَدْتُ أَحَدًا تَأْخُذُهُ الْحُمَّى أَشَدَّ مِنْ أَخْذِهَا إِيَّاكَ قَالَ: «كَذَلِكَ يُضَاعَفُ لَنَا الْأَجْرُ إِنَّ أَشَدَّ النَّاسِ بَلَاءً الْأَنْبِيَاءُ ثُمَّ الصَّالِحُونَ». وَرَوَى ابْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَالْبُخَارِيُّ وَالتِّرْمِذِيُّ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ وَابْنُ مَاجَهْ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَانَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ رَكْوَةٌ، أَوْ عَلَيْهِ فِيهَا مَاءٌ، فَجَعَلَ يُدْخِلُ يَدَيْهِ فِي الْمَاءِ فَيَمْسَحُ بِهَا وَجْهَهُ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ: اللَّهُمَّ أَعَنِّي عَلَى سَكَرَاتِ الْمَوْتِ»- وَفِي لَفْظٍ: «لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ إِنْ لِلْمَوْتِ سَكَرَاتٍ» ثُمَّ نَصَبَ يَدَهُ فَجَعَلَ يَقُولُ: «فِي الرَّفِيقِ الْأَعْلَى». وَرَوَى الْبَلَاذُرِيُّ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: لَا أَغْبِطُ أَحَدًا يُخَفِّفُ عَلَيْهِ الْمَوْتَ بَعْدَ الَّذِي رَأَيْتُ مِنْ شِدَّةِ مَوْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ.
Translation
✧ The intensity of the pain upon him—may Allah increase him in grace and honor— Ibn Ḥibbān and Ibn Saʿd narrated from ʿĀʾishah ؓ that she said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ began to complain and toss about on his bed, so I said to him: “If any of us did this, we would be angry with him.” He said: “The prophets are subjected to intensified suffering.” Imām Aḥmad, the two Shaykhs, and Ibn Saʿd narrated from ʿAbd Allāh b. Masʿūd ؓ that he said: I entered upon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and touched him with my hand and said: “O Messenger of Allah, you are suffering a severe fever.” He said: “Yes, I suffer a fever as two men of you would suffer.” I said: “That is because you have a double reward?” He said: “Yes, and by the One in whose hand is my soul, there is no Muslim on earth afflicted with any harm from illness or anything else but that Allah removes from him some of his sins just as a tree sheds its leaves.” Ibn Saʿd, the two Shaykhs, and al-Balādhurī narrated from ʿĀʾishah ؓ that she said: I have never seen anyone upon whom pain was more severe than the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Imām Aḥmad, Ibn Saʿd, al-Bukhārī in al-Adab, Ibn Abī al-Dunyā, Ibn Mājah, Abū Yaʿlá, and al-Ḥākim—who deemed it authentic—narrated from Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī ؓ: And behold, he had a burning fever such that one of us could hardly keep his hand upon him from the intensity of the fever. In another narration: “We entered upon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while he had a velvet cloak over him, and I placed my hand on him over the cloak and found its heat above the cloak, so we began to glorify Allah. He said: ‘No one is tried more severely than the prophets; just as trial is intensified upon us, the reward is multiplied for us. A prophet among the prophets would be so afflicted with lice that it would kill him, and a prophet among the prophets would be stripped naked, finding nothing to cover his private parts except a cloak that he would wear; and they would rejoice in trial just as they rejoice in ease.’” Ibn Abī Shaybah and Imām Aḥmad with a sound chain, al-Nasāʾī, al-Ḥākim, and Ibn al-Jawzī narrated from Abū ʿUbaydah, from his paternal aunt Fāṭimah bt. al-Yamān, the sister of Ḥudhayfah, that she said: We came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ among some women to visit him, and there was a water skin hanging near him, its water dripping onto him because of the severity of the heat of the fever he was experiencing. We said: “O Messenger of Allah, if only you would supplicate to Allah to relieve you.” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “The most severely tried of people are the prophets, then those closest to them, then those closest to them.” Imām Aḥmad narrated from ʿĀʾishah ؓ that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was stricken with pain and began to complain and toss about on his bed. ʿĀʾishah said to him: “If one of us did this, I would find it hard against him!” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “The righteous are subjected to intensified suffering, and no affliction befalls a believer, not even a thorn or something greater, except that a sin is thereby removed from him and a degree is thereby raised for him.” Ibn Saʿd narrated from her that she said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ fell ill with an illness whose discomfort or pain became severe, and he began to complain and toss about on his bed. I said: “O Messenger of Allah, you are showing distress or restlessness; if one of us did this, I would find it hard against him.” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “The believers are subjected to intensified suffering, for no affliction befalls a believer, not even a thorn or something greater, nor any pain, except that Allah, the Exalted, raises for him a degree thereby and removes from him a sin thereby.” Imām Aḥmad and al-Tirmidhī—who deemed it fair—narrated from Usāmah b. Yazīd ؓ that he said: When the pain of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ became severe, he descended, and the people descended with him to al-Madīnah. I entered upon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he had fallen silent and did not speak. He began raising his hands to the sky and then placing them upon me; I knew that he was supplicating for me. Al-Nasāʾī and al-Bayhaqī narrated from ʿĀʾishah ؓ that she said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ fell unconscious while he was in my chamber, and I began wiping his face and supplicating for healing for him. He said: “Rather, I ask Allah for the highest companion, so that I may be blessed with Jibrīl, Mīkāʾīl, and Isrāfīl.” Imām Aḥmad in al-Zuhd and Ibn Saʿd narrated from ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb ؓ that he said: I entered upon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while he was suffering from fever, and I placed my hand over his garment and found its heat from above the garment. I said: “O Messenger of Allah, I have not found anyone whom fever seizes more severely than it seizes you.” He said: “Thus the reward is multiplied for us; the most severely tried of people are the prophets, then the righteous.” Ibn Abī Shaybah, al-Bukhārī, al-Tirmidhī, al-Nasāʾī, and Ibn Mājah narrated from ʿĀʾishah ؓ that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had before him a small water vessel, or upon him, with water in it, and he began dipping his hands into the water and wiping his face with them, then saying: “O Allah, help me against the agonies of death.” In another wording: “There is no god but Allah; death has agonies.” Then he raised his hand and began saying: “In the highest companion.” Al-Balādhurī narrated from her that she said: I do not envy anyone for whom death is made easy after what I saw of the severity of the death of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.