Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1687
The messengers of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his correspondence to the kings and the like
إِرْسَالِهِ ﷺ شُجَاعَ بْنَ وَهْبٍ ؓ إِلَى الْحَارِثِ بْنِ أَبِي شِمْرٍ الْغَسَّانِيِّ مَلِكِ الْبَلْقَاءِ قَالَهُ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ وَالْوَاقِدِيُّ. وَقِيلَ إِنَّمَا تَوَجَّهَ لِجَبَلَةَ بْنِ الْأَيْهَمِ هُوَ ابْنُ وَهَبٍ شُجَاعُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ أَسَدٍ الْأَسَدِيُّ. قَالَ فِي زَادِ الْمَعَادِ: وَقِيلَ: تَوَجَّهَ لَهُمَا مَعًا، وَقِيلَ: لِهِرَقْلَ مَعَ دِحْيَةَ بْنِ خَلِيفَةَ وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. أَسْلَمَ قَدِيمًا، وَهَاجَرَ إِلَى الْحَبَشَةِ الْهِجْرَةَ الثَّانِيَةَ، وَعَادَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ، ثُمَّ هَاجَرَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، وَشَهِدَ بَدْرًا وَالْمَشَاهِدَ كُلَّهَا، اسْتُشْهِدَ بِالْيَمَامَةِ وَهُوَ ابْنُ بِضْعٍ وَأَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً بَعَثَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْحَارِثِ بْنِ أَبِي شِمْرٍ ذَكَرَهُ الْوَاقِدِيُّ وَابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ وَابْنُ حَزْمٍ، وَقَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ. تَوَجَّهَ لِجَبَلَةَ بْنِ الْأَيْهَمِ، وَقَالَ أَبُو عُمَرَ لَهُمَا مَعًا قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْأَسْلَمِيُّ: قَالَ الْوَاقِدِيُّ وَابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ وَغَيْرُهُمَا إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَعَثَ شُجَاعَ بْنَ وَهْبٍ إِلَى الْحَارِثِ بْنِ أَبِي شِمْرٍ، وَكَتَبَ مَعَهُ: «بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ، مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْحَارِثِ بْنِ أَبِي شِمْرٍ، سَلَامٌ عَلَى مَنِ اتَّبَعَ الْهُدَى وَآمَنَ بِهِ، وَصَدَّقَهُ، وَإِنِّي أَدْعُوكَ إِلَى أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللَّهِ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ يَبْقَ لَكَ مُلْكُكَ، وَخَتَمَ الْكِتَابَ، وَخَرَجَ بِهِ، قَالَ شُجَاعٌ: فَأَتَيْتُهُ بِهِ وَهُوَ بِغُوطَةِ دِمَشْقَ مَشْغُولٌ بِتَهْيِئَةِ الْأَمْوَالِ وَالْأَلْطَافِ لِقَيْصَرَ، وَقَدْ جَاءَ مِنْ حِمْصَ إِلَى إِيلِيَاءَ، فَأَقَمْتُ عَلَى بَابِهِ يَوْمَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثَةً، فَقُلْتُ لِحَاجِبِهِ: إِنِّي رَسُولُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى صَاحِبِكَ، فَقَالَ: لَا تَصْلُ إِلَيْهِ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ يَوْمَ كَذَا كَذَا، وَجَعَلَ حَاجِبُهُ وَكَانَ رُومِيًّا اسْمُهُ مُرِّيٌّ يَسْأَلُنِي عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَمَا يَدْعُو إِلَيْهِ، فَكُنْتُ أُحَدِّثُهُ فَيَرِقُّ حَتَّى يَغْلِبَهُ الْبُكَاءُ، وَيَقُولَ: إِنِّي قَدْ قَرَأْتُ الْإِنْجِيلَ فَأَجِدُ صِفَةَ هَذَا النَّبِيِّ فَأَنَا أُومِنُ بِهِ وَأُصَدِّقُهُ، وَأَخَافُ مِنَ الْحَارِثِ أَنْ يَقْتُلَنِي. وَكَانَ الْحَاجِبُ يُكْرِمُنِي وَيُحْسِنُ ضِيَافَتِي وَيُخْبِرُنِي عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بِالْيَأْسِ مِنْهُ الْحَاجِبُ وَيَقُولُ: هُوَ يَخَافُ قَيْصَرَ فَخَرَجَ الْحَارِثُ يَوْمًا وَجَلَسَ لِلنَّاسِ، وَوَضَعَ التَّاجَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ، فَأَذِنَ لِي، فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ، وَدَفَعْتُ إِلَيْهِ الْكِتَابَ فَقَرَأَهُ، ثُمَّ رَمَى بِهِ، وَقَالَ: مَنْ يَنْتَزِعُ مِنِّي مُلْكِي! أَنَا سَائِرٌ إِلَيْهِ، وَلَوْ كَانَ بِالْيَمَنِ جِئْتُهُ، عَلَيَّ بِالنَّاسِ، فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَفْرِضُ حَتَّى قَامَ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِالْخَيْلِ أَنْ تُنْعَلَ، وَقَالَ: أَخْبِرْ صَاحِبَكَ مَا تَرَى، وَكَتَبَ إِلَى قَيْصَرَ يُخْبِرُهُ خَبَرِي وَمَا عَزَمَ عَلَيْهِ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ قَيْصَرُ أَلَا تَسِيرَ إِلَيْهِ وَالْهُ عَنْهُ، وَوَافِنِي بِإِيلِيَاءَ، فَلَمَّا جَاءَهُ جَوَابُ كِتَابِهِ دَعَانِي، فَقَالَ: مَتَى تُرِيدُ أَنْ تَخْرُجَ لِصَاحِبِكَ ؟ فَقُلْتُ: غَدًا، فَأَمَرَ لِي بِمِائَةِ مِثْقَالٍ ذَهَبًا، وَوَصَّلَنِي مُرِّيٌّ، وَأَمَرَ لِي بِكُسْوَةٍ وَنَفَقَةٍ، وَقَالَ: أَقْرِئْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنِّي السَّلَامَ- وَأَخْبِرْهُ أَنِّي مُتَّبِعٌ دِينَهُ قَالَ شُجَاعٌ: فَقَدِمْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ فَقَالَ: «بَادَ مُلْكُهُ» وَأَقْرَأَتْهُ مِنْ مُرِّيٍّ السَّلَامَ، وَأَخْبَرْتُهُ بِمَا قَالَ، فَقَالَ: صَدَقَ، وَمَاتَ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ أَبِي شِمْرٍ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ.
Translation
✧ The sending of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ of Shujāʿ b. Wahb ؓ to al-Ḥārith b. Abī Shimr al-Ghassānī, king of al-Balqāʾ. Ibn Isḥāq and al-Wāqidī said it. It was said that he was sent to Jabala b. al-Ayham; he is Shujāʿ b. Wahb b. Rabīʿa b. Asad al-Asadī. In Zād al-Maʿād it is said: It was said he was sent to both of them together, and it was said he was sent to Heraclius with Diḥya b. Khalīfa, and God knows best. He embraced Islam early, emigrated to Abyssinia in the second emigration, returned to Makkah, then emigrated to Madinah, and witnessed Badr and all the battles. He was martyred at al-Yamāma at the age of forty-something years. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent him to al-Ḥārith b. Abī Shimr, as mentioned by al-Wāqidī, Ibn Isḥāq, and Ibn Ḥazm. Ibn Hishām said: He was sent to Jabala b. al-Ayham, and Abū ʿUmar said: To both of them together. Muḥammad b. ʿUmar al-Aslamī said: Al-Wāqidī, Ibn Isḥāq, and others said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent Shujāʿ b. Wahb to al-Ḥārith b. Abī Shimr, and wrote with him: "In the name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful. From Muḥammad, the Messenger of God ﷺ, to al-Ḥārith b. Abī Shimr. Peace be upon those who follow guidance, believe in it, and affirm it. I call you to believe in God alone, with no partner, so that your kingdom remains yours." He sealed the letter and set out with it. Shujāʿ said: I brought it to him while he was in the Ghūṭa of Damascus, occupied with preparing funds and gifts for Caesar, having come from Ḥimṣ to Īliyāʾ. I stayed at his door for two or three days. I said to his chamberlain: "I am the messenger of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to your master." He said: "You will not reach him until he comes out on such-and-such a day." His chamberlain, who was a Byzantine named Murrī, began asking me about the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and what he called to. I would tell him, and he would grow tender until weeping overcame him, and he would say: "I have read the Gospel and I find the description of this Prophet, so I believe in him and affirm him, but I fear that al-Ḥārith will kill me." The chamberlain honored me, gave me good hospitality, and told me that al-Ḥārith had no hope; he said: "He fears Caesar." One day al-Ḥārith came out and sat for the people, placed the crown on his head, and gave me permission. I entered upon him, handed him the letter, and he read it, then threw it aside and said: "Who can snatch my kingdom from me! I will march against him, even if he were in Yemen I would come to him. Bring me the people." He kept mustering troops until he rose, then ordered the horses to be shod, and said: "Tell your companion what you see." He wrote to Caesar informing him of my news and what he intended. Caesar wrote back to him: "Do not march against him; turn away from him, and come to me in Īliyāʾ." When the answer to his letter came, he summoned me and said: "When do you want to leave for your companion?" I said: "Tomorrow." He ordered for me a hundred mithqāls of gold, and Murrī provided for me, and he ordered for me clothing and provisions, and said: "Convey my greeting to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and tell him that I am following his religion." Shujāʿ said: I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and informed him, and he said: "His kingdom has perished." I conveyed to him Murrī's greeting and told him what he said, and he said: "He spoke the truth." Al-Ḥārith b. Abī Shimr died in the year of the conquest.
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