Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1662
The Farewell Pilgrimage
صِفَةُ حَلْقِهِ رَأْسَهُ الْكَرِيمَ، عَلَيْهِ مِنْ رَبِّهِ أَفْضَلُ الصَّلَاةِ وَالتَّسْلِيمِ فَلَمَّا أَكْمَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَحْرَهُ اسْتَدْعَى بِالْحَلَّاقِ فَحَلَقَ رَأْسَهُ، فَقَالَ لِلْحَلَّاقِ- وَهُوَ مَعْمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ نَضْلَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى بْنِ حَرْثَانَ بْنِ عَوْفٍ- وَحَضَرَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ يَطْلُبُونَ مِنْ شِعْرِهِ- وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ بِالْمُوسَى، وَنَظَرَ فِي وَجْهِهِ وَقَالَ: «يَا مَعْمَرُ أَمْكَنَكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ شَحْمَةِ أُذُنِهِ وَفِي يَدِكَ الْمُوسَى»، قَالَ مَعْمَرٌ، فَقُلْتُ: أَمَا وَاللَّهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ مِنْ نِعَمِ اللَّهِ عَلَيَّ وَمَنِّهِ. قَالَ لِلْحَلَّاقِ: «خُذْ»، وَأَشَارَ إِلَى جَانِبِهِ الْأَيْمَنِ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْهُ قَسَّمَ شَعْرَهُ عَلَى مَنْ يَلِيهِ، ثُمَّ أَشَارَ إِلَى الْحَلَّاقِ، فَحَلَّقَ جَانِبَهُ الْأَيْسَرَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: «هَاهُنَا أَبُو طَلْحَةَ»، فَدَفَعَهُ إِلَيْهِ. قَالَ ابْنُ سَعْدٍ: وَحَلَقَ رَأْسَهُ وَأَخَذَ مِنْ شَارِبِهِ وَعَارِضَيْهِ وَقَلَّمَ أَظْفَارَهُ وَأَمَرَ بِشَعْرِهِ وَأَظْفَارِهِ أَنْ تُدْفَنَ. وَرَوَى الْبُخَارِيُّ، عَنِ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ ؓ «أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَمَّا حَلَقَ رَأْسَهُ كَانَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ أَخَذَ شَعْرَهُ، قَالَ: وَهَذَا لَا يُنَاقِضُ رِوَايَةَ مُسْلِمٍ: لِجَوَازِ أَنْ يُصِيبَ أَبَا طَلْحَةَ مِنَ الشِّقِّ الْأَيْمَنِ مِثْلَ مَا أَصَابَ غَيْرَهُ، وَيَخْتَصُّ بِالشِّقِّ الْآخَرِ، لَكِنْ قَدْ رَوَى مُسْلِمٌ- أَيْضًا- مِنْ حَدِيثِ أَنَسٍ «أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَمَّا رَمَى الْجَمْرَةَ وَنَحَرَ نُسُكَهُ وَحَلَقَ نَاوَلَ الْحَلَّاقَ شِقَّهُ الْأَيْمَنَ فَحَلَقَهُ، ثُمَّ دَعَا أَبَا طَلْحَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ فَأَعْطَاهُ إِيَّاهُ ثُمَّ نَاوَلَهُ الشِّقَّ الْأَيْسَرَ فَقَالَ: «احْلِقْ» فَحَلَقَهُ فَأَعْطَاهُ أَبَا طَلْحَةَ فَقَالَ: «اقْسِمْهُ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ». فَفِي هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَةِ، كَمَا تَرَى أَنَّ نَصِيبَ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ كَانَ الشِّقَّ الْأَيْمَنَ وَفِي الْأُولَى أَنَّهُ كَانَ الْأَيْسَرَ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَعْطَاهُ أُمَّ سُلَيْمٍ وَلَا يُعَارِضُ هَذَا دَفَعَهُ لِأَبِي طَلْحَةَ لِأَنَّهَا امْرَأَتُهُ، وَفِي لَفْظٍ: فَبَدَأَ بِالشِّقِّ الْأَيْمَنِ فَوَزَّعَهُ الشَّعْرَةَ وَالشَّعْرَتَيْنِ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: بِالْأَيْسَرِ فَصَنَعَ بِهِ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ: «هَا هَنَا أَبُو طَلْحَةَ» فَدَفَعَهُ إِلَيْهِ، وَفِي لَفْظٍ ثَالِثٍ: دَفَعَ إِلَى أَبِي طَلْحَةَ شَعْرَ شِقِّ رَأْسِهِ الْأَيْسَرِ، ثُمَّ أَظْفَارَهُ وَقَسَّمَهَا بَيْنَ النَّاسِ. وَكَلَّمَهُ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ فِي نَاصِيَتِهِ حِينَ حَلَقَ فَدَفَعَهَا إِلَيْهِ فَكَانَ يَجْعَلُهَا فِي مُقَدَّمِ قَلَنْسُوَتِهِ، فَلَا يَلْقَى جَمْعًا إِلَّا فَضَّهُ. وَذَكَرَ الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ - مِنْ حَدِيثِ محمد بن عبد الله بن زيد، أَنَّ أَبَاهُ حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّهُ شَهِدَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ عِنْدَ الْمَنْحَرِ، وَرَجُلٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ، وَهُوَ يَقْسِمُ أَضَاحِيَ فَلَمْ يُصِبْهُ شَيْءٌ، وَلَا صَاحِبَهُ فَحَلَقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَأْسَهُ فِي ثَوْبِهِ، فَأَعْطَاهُ فَقَسَمَ مِنْهُ عَلَى رِجَالٍ، وَقَلَّمَ أَظْفَارَهُ فَأَعْطَاهُ صَاحِبَهُ، قَالَ: فَإِنَّهُ عِنْدَنَا مَخْضُوبٌ بِالْحِنَّاءِ وَالْكَتَمِ يَعْنِي شَعْرَهُ. وَدَعَا لِلْمُحَلِّقِينَ بِالْمَغْفِرَةِ ثَلَاثًا، وَلِلْمُقَصِّرِينَ مَرَّةً، وَحَلَقَ كَثِيرٌ مِنَ الصَّحَابَةِ، بَلْ أَكْثَرُهُمْ وَقَصَّرَ بَعْضُهُمْ، وَهَذَا مَعَ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: ( لَتَدْخُلُنَّ الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ آمِنِينَ مُحَلِّقِينَ رُءُوسَكُمْ وَمُقَصِّرِينَ ) [ الْفَتْحِ 27 ] وَمَعَ قَوْلِ عائشة ؓ، طَيَّبْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِإِحْرَامِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُحْرِمَ وَلِإِحْلَالِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَحِلَّ، دَلِيلٌ عَلَى أَنَّ الْحَلْقَ نُسُكٌ وَلَيْسَ بِإِطْلَاقٍ مِنْ مَحْظُورٍ.
Translation
✧ The description of his shaving his noble head, upon him from his Lord be the most excellent prayer and peace When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ completed his sacrifice, he summoned the barber and shaved his head. He said to the barber—who was Maʿmar b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Naḍla b. ʿAbd al-ʿUzzā b. Ḥarthān b. ʿAwf—while the Muslims attended seeking some of his hair: while he stood over his head with the razor, he looked at his face and said: “O Maʿmar, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ has put you in charge of his earlobe while the razor is in your hand.” Maʿmar said: I said: “By Allah, O Messenger of Allah, that is indeed among the favors and blessings of Allah upon me.” He said to the barber: “Take,” and indicated his right side. When he finished that, he distributed his hair among those near him, then indicated to the barber, and he shaved his left side, then he said: “Here is Abū Ṭalḥa,” and gave it to him. Ibn Saʿd said: He shaved his head, trimmed his mustache and side locks, clipped his nails, and ordered that his hair and nails be buried. Al-Bukhārī narrated, from Ibn Sīrīn, from Anas ؓ, “that when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ shaved his head, Abū Ṭalḥa was the first to take his hair.” He said: This does not contradict Muslim’s narration, because it is possible that Abū Ṭalḥa received from the right side the same as others received, and exclusively received the other side. However, Muslim also narrated from the ḥadīth of Anas “that when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ threw the pebbles, slaughtered his sacrificial animal, and shaved, he handed the barber his right side and he shaved it, then he called Abū Ṭalḥa al-Anṣārī and gave it to him, then he handed him the left side and said: ‘Shave,’ so he shaved it and gave it to Abū Ṭalḥa and said: ‘Distribute it among the people.’” In this narration, as you see, Abū Ṭalḥa’s share was the right side, while in the first it was the left side. In another narration, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave it to Umm Sulaym, and this does not conflict with his giving it to Abū Ṭalḥa because she is his wife. In one wording: He began with the right side and distributed it, hair by hair and two hairs at a time, among the people, then he said about the left side and did likewise with it, then said: “Here is Abū Ṭalḥa,” and gave it to him. In a third wording: He gave Abū Ṭalḥa the hair of the left side of his head, then his nails, and he distributed them among the people. Khālid b. al-Walīd spoke to him about his forelock when he shaved, so he gave it to him, and he used to place it in the front of his cap, and he would not meet any group but he routed them. Imām Aḥmad—may Allah have mercy on him—mentioned from the ḥadīth of Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Zayd that his father narrated to him that he witnessed the Prophet ﷺ at the slaughtering place with a man from Quraysh while he was distributing sacrificial animals, and neither he nor his companion received anything. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ shaved his head into his garment and gave it to him, and he distributed some of it among men, and he clipped his nails and gave them to his companion. He said: It is with us, dyed with henna and katam—meaning his hair. He supplicated for the shavers three times for forgiveness, and for the shorteners once. Many of the Companions shaved, indeed most of them, and some shortened. This, along with His saying, Exalted is He: “You will surely enter the Sacred Mosque, if Allah wills, in safety, with heads shaved or hair shortened” [al-Fatḥ 27], and along with ʿĀʾisha ؓ saying: “I perfumed the Messenger of Allah ﷺ for his iḥrām before he entered iḥrām, and for his iḥlāl before he exited iḥrām,” is proof that shaving is a ritual and not merely a release from a prohibition.
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