Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1544
The Expedition of Tabūk
ذِكْرُ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ إِنْ صَحَّ الْخَبَرُ فِي ذَلِكَ. رَوَى الْبَيْهَقِيُّ مِنْ حَدِيثِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ هَارُونَ أَخْبَرَنَا الْعَلَاءُ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ الثَّقَفِيُّ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِتَبُوكَ، فَطَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ بِضِيَاءٍ وَشُعَاعٍ وَنُورٍ لَمْ أَرَهَا طَلَعَتْ فِيمَا مَضَى، فَأَتَى جِبْرِيلُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، فَقَالَ: " يَا جِبْرِيلُ، مَا لِي أَرَى الشَّمْسَ الْيَوْمَ طَلَعَتْ بِضِيَاءٍ وَنُورٍ وَشُعَاعٍ لَمْ أَرَهَا طَلَعَتْ فِيمَا مَضَى ؟ " قَالَ: ذَلِكَ أَنَّ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنَ مُعَاوِيَةَ اللَّيْثِيَّ مَاتَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ الْيَوْمَ، فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ سَبْعِينَ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْهِ. قَالَ: " وَمِمَّ ذَاكَ ؟ " قَالَ: بِكَثْرَةِ قِرَاءَتِهِ قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ بِاللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ، وَفِي مَمْشَاهُ وَفِي قِيَامِهِ وَقُعُودِهِ، فَهَلْ لَكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَنْ أَقْبِضَ لَكَ الْأَرْضَ فَتُصَلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ ؟ قَالَ: " نَعَمْ ". قَالَ: فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ. وَهَذَا الْحَدِيثُ فِيهِ غَرَابَةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ وَنَكَارَةٌ وَالنَّاسُ يُسْنِدُونَ أَمْرَهُ إِلَى الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ هَذَا، وَقَدْ تَكَلَّمُوا فِيهِ. ثُمَّ قَالَ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ: أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ حَدَّثَنَا هَاشِمُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ أَخْبَرَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ الْهَيْثَمِ حَدَّثَنَا مَحْبُوبُ بْنُ هِلَالٍ عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ أَبِي مَيْمُونَةَ عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ: جَاءَ جِبْرِيلُ فَقَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، مَاتَ مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ الْمُزَنِيُّ أَفَتُحِبُّ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ ؟ قَالَ: " نَعَمْ ". فَضَرَبَ بِجَنَاحِهِ، فَلَمْ يَبْقَ مِنْ شَجَرَةٍ وَلَا أَكَمَةٍ إِلَّا تَضَعْضَعَتْ لَهُ. قَالَ: فَصَلَّى وَخَلْفَهُ صَفَّانِ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ، فِي كُلِّ صَفٍّ سَبْعُونَ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ. قَالَ: قُلْتُ: " يَا جِبْرِيلُ، بِمَا نَالَ هَذِهِ الْمَنْزِلَةَ مِنَ اللَّهِ ؟ " قَالَ: بِحُبِّهِ قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ يَقْرَؤُهَا قَائِمًا وَقَاعِدًا، وَذَاهِبًا وَجَائِيًا، وَعَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ. قَالَ عُثْمَانُ: فَسَأَلْتُ أَبِي: أَيْنَ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ ؟ قَالَ: بِغَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ بِالشَّامِ، وَمَاتَ مُعَاوِيَةُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ، وَرُفِعَ لَهُ سَرِيرُهُ حَتَّى نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ وَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ. وَهَذَا أَيْضًا مُنْكَرٌ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ.
Translation
✧ Mention of the funeral prayer over Muʿāwiyah b. Muʿāwiyah, if the report concerning that is sound. Al-Bayhaqī narrated from the ḥadīth of Yazīd b. Hārūn: Al-ʿAlāʾ Abū Muḥammad al-Thaqafī informed us, saying: I heard Anas b. Mālik say: We were with the Messenger of God ﷺ at Tabūk, and the sun rose with a radiance, beams, and light the like of which I had not seen it rise with in times past. Gabriel came to the Messenger of God, and he said: "O Gabriel, why do I see the sun today risen with a radiance, light, and beams the like of which I had not seen it rise with in times past?" He said: "That is because Muʿāwiyah b. Muʿāwiyah al-Laythī died in Madinah today, and God sent seventy thousand angels to pray over him." He said: "And on account of what?" He said: "On account of his frequent recitation of 'Say: He is God, the One' by night and day, in his walking, his standing, and his sitting. Would you like, O Messenger of God, for me to fold up the earth for you so that you may pray over him?" He said: "Yes." He said: So he prayed over him, then returned. This ḥadīth contains extreme strangeness and unfamiliarity, and people attribute its matter to this al-ʿAlāʾ b. Zayd, and they have spoken concerning him. Then al-Bayhaqī said: ʿAlī b. Aḥmad b. ʿAbdān informed us: Aḥmad b. ʿUbayd al-Ṣaffār informed us: Hāshim b. ʿAlī narrated to us: ʿUthmān b. al-Haytham informed us: Maḥbūb b. Hilāl narrated to us, from ʿAṭāʾ b. Abī Maymūnah, from Anas, who said: Gabriel came and said: "O Muḥammad, Muʿāwiyah b. Muʿāwiyah al-Muzanī has died. Would you like to pray over him?" He said: "Yes." So he struck with his wing, and there remained not a tree nor a hill but it lowered itself for him. He said: So he prayed, and behind him were two rows of angels, in each row seventy thousand angels. He said: I said: "O Gabriel, by what did he attain this station from God?" He said: "By his love of 'Say: He is God, the One,' reciting it standing and sitting, going and coming, and in every state." ʿUthmān said: So I asked my father: Where was the Prophet ﷺ? He said: At the expedition of Tabūk in Syria, and Muʿāwiyah died in Madinah, and his bier was raised up for him until he saw it and prayed over him. This too is rejected from this chain.
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