Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1500
The Expedition of Ḥunayn (Hawāzin)
ما وقع لجواسيس المشركين من الرعب ذِكْرُ الْآيَةِ الَّتِي حَصَلَتْ لِجَوَاسِيسِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فِي هَذِهِ الْغَزْوَةِ رَوَى أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ مِنْ طَرِيقِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أُمَيَّةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ أَنَّهُ حَدَّثَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدِ انْتَهَى إِلَى حُنَيْنٍ مَسَاءَ لَيْلَةِ الثُّلَاثَاءِ لِعَشَرٍ خَلَوْنَ مِنْ شَوَّالَ، وَبَعَثَ مَالِكُ بْنُ عَوْفٍ ثَلَاثَةَ نَفَرٍ مِنْ هَوَازِنَ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابِهِ، وَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَتَفَرَّقُوا فِي الْعَسْكَرِ فَرَجَعُوا إِلَيْهِ وَقَدْ تَفَرَّقَتْ أَوْصَالُهُمْ، فَقَالَ: وَيْلَكُمْ مَا شَأْنُكُمْ، فَقَالُوا: رَأَيْنَا رِجَالًا بِيضًا عَلَى خَيْلٍ بُلْقٍ، فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا تَمَاسَكْنَا أَنْ أَصَابَنَا مَا تَرَى، وَاللَّهِ مَا نُقَاتِلُ أَهْلَ الْأَرْضِ، إِنْ نُقَاتِلْ إِلَّا أَهْلَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَإِنْ أَطَعْتَنَا رَجَعْتَ بِقَوْمِكَ، فَإِنَّ النَّاسَ إِنْ رَأَوْا مِثْلَ الَّذِي رَأَيْنَا أَصَابَهُمْ مِثْلُ مَا أَصَابَنَا. فَقَالَ: أُفٍّ لَكُمْ، أَنْتُمْ أَجْبَنُ أَهْلِ الْعَسْكَرِ، فَحَبَسَهُمْ عِنْدَهُ فَرَقًا أَنْ يَشِيعَ ذَلِكَ الرُّعْبُ فِي الْعَسْكَرِ، وَقَالَ: دُلُّونِي عَلَى رَجُلٍ شُجَاعٍ، فَأَجْمَعُوا لَهُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ، فَخَرَجَ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ قَدْ أَصَابَهُ كَنَحْوِ مَا أَصَابَ مَنْ قَبْلَهُ مِنْهُمْ، فَقَالَ: مَا رَأَيْتَ ؟ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ رِجَالًا بِيضًا عَلَى خَيْلٍ بُلْقٍ، مَا يُطَاقُ النَّظَرُ إِلَيْهِمْ، فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا تَمَاسَكْتُ أَنْ أَصَابَنِي مَا تَرَى، فَلَمْ يُثْنِ ذَلِكَ مَالِكًا عَنْ وَجْهِهِ، وَرَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ نَحْوَهُ عَنْ شُيُوخِهِ. ذِكْرُ مَا قِيلَ إِنَّ الْمَلَائِكَةَ قَاتَلَتْ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ وَالرُّعْبِ الَّذِي حَصَلَ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ رَوَى ابْنُ أَبِي حَاتِمٍ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ الْكَبِيرِ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى - فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: وَأَنْزَلَ جُنُودًا لَمْ تَرَوْهَا قَالَ: هُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ وَعَذَّبَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا [التَّوْبَةِ 26] قَالَ: قَتَلَهُمْ بِالسَّيْفِ. وَرَوَى أَيْضًا عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى - قَالَ: فِي يَوْمِ حُنَيْنٍ أَمَدَّ اللَّهُ - تَعَالَى - رَسُولَهُ ﷺ بِخَمْسَةِ آلَافٍ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ مُسَوِّمِينَ، وَيَوْمَئِذَ سَمَّى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى الْأَنْصَارَ مُؤْمِنِينَ قَالَ: «ثُمَّ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ سَكِينَتَهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ وَعَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ. عَنْ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ ؓ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ قَبْلَ هَزِيمَةِ الْقَوْمِ - وَالنَّاسُ يَقْتَتِلُونَ - مِثْلَ الْبِجَادِ الْأَسْوَدِ أَقْبَلَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ حَتَّى سَقَطَ بَيْنَ الْقَوْمِ، فَنَظَرْتُ فَإِذَا نَمَلٌ أَسْوَدُ مَبْثُوتٌ قَدْ مَلَأَ الْوَادِي، لَمْ أَشُكَّ أَنَّهَا الْمَلَائِكَةُ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ إِلَّا هَزِيمَةُ الْقَوْمِ. وَرَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ شُيُوخٍ مَنْ قَوْمِهِ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ، قَالُوا: رَأَيْنَا يَوْمَئِذٍ كَالْبُجْدِ السُّودِ هَوَتْ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ رُكَامًا، فَنَظَرْنَا فَإِذَا رَمْلٌ مَبْثُوتٌ، فَكُنَّا نَنْفُضُهُ عَنْ ثِيَابِنَا، فَكَانَ نَصْرُ اللَّهِ - تَعَالَى - أَيَّدَنَا بِهِ. وَرَوَى مُسَدَّدٌ فِي مُسْنَدِهِ، وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ. وَابْنُ عَسَاكِرَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ مَوْلَى أُمُّ بُرْثُنٍ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي رَجُلٌ كَانَ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا الْتَقَيْنَا نَحْنُ وَأَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَمْ يَقُومُوا لَنَا حَلْبَ شَاةٍ أَنْ كَبَبْنَاهُمْ، فَبَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ نَسُوقُهُمْ فِي أَدْبَارِهِمْ إِذِ الْتَقَيْنَا بِصَاحِبِ الْبَغْلَةِ - وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ - إِذْ غَشِينَا، فَإِذَا هُوَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَتَلَقَّتْنَا عِنْدَهُ، وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: إِذَا بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُ رِجَالٌ بِيضٌ حِسَانُ الْوُجُوهِ قَالُوا لَنَا: شَاهَتِ الْوُجُوهُ، ارْجِعُوا، فَرَجَعْنَا - وَكَانَتْ إِيَّاهَا. عَنْ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ شَيْبَةَ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ الْحَجَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ؓ قَالَ: خَرَجْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ، وَاللَّهِ مَا خَرَجْتُ إِسْلَامًا، وَلَكِنْ خَرَجْتُ أَنَفًا أَنْ تَظْهَرَ هَوَازِنُ عَلَى قُرَيْشٍ، فَإِنِّي لَوَاقِفٌ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذْ قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأَرَى خَيْلًا بُلْقًا، قَالَ: «يَا شَيْبَةُ إِنَّهُ لَا يَرَاهَا إِلَّا كَافِرٌ” فَضَرَبَ بِيَدِهِ فِي صَدْرِي وَقَالَ: «اللَّهُمَّ اهْدِ شَيْبَةَ” فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ - فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا رَفَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الثَّالِثَةَ حَتَّى مَا كَانَ أَحَدٌ مِنْ خَلْقِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى أَحَبَّ إِلَيَّ مِنْهُ. صفة الرعب الذي أصاب المشركون يوم حنين وَرَوَى عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ، وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ السَّوَائِيِّ ؓ وَكَانَ حَضَرَ يَوْمَئِذٍ، فَسُئِلَ عَنِ الرُّعْبِ فَكَانَ يَأْخُذُ الْحَصَاةَ فَيَرْمِي بِهَا فِي الطَّسْتِ فَيَطِنُّ فَيَقُولُ: أَنْ كُنَّا نَجِدُ فِي أجوافنا مِثْلَ هَذَا. عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَوْسِ بْنِ الْحَدَثَانِ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي عِدَّةٌ مِنْ قَوْمِي شَهِدُوا ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ يَقُولُونَ: «لَقَدْ رَمَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ تِلْكَ الرَّمْيَةَ مِنَ الْحَصَى فَمَا مِنَّا أَحَدٌ إِلَّا يَشْكُو الْقَذَى فِي عَيْنَيْهِ، وَلَقَدْ كُنَّا نَجِدُّ فِي صُدُورِنَا خَفَقَانًا كَوَقْعِ الْحَصَى فِي الطَّاسِ مَا يَهْدَأُ ذَلِكَ الْخَفَقَانُ، وَلَقَدْ رَأَيْنَا يَوْمَئِذٍ رِجَالًا بِيضًا، عَلَى خَيْلٍ بُلْقٍ، عَلَيْهِمْ عَمَائِمُ حُمْرٌ، قَدْ أَرْخَوْهَا بَيْنَ أَكْتَافِهِمْ، بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ كَتَائِبَ كَتَائِبَ مَا يَلِيقُونَ شَيْئًا، وَلَا نَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ نَتَأَمَّلَهُمْ مِنَ الرُّعْبِ مِنْهُمْ.
Translation
✧ What befell the polytheists' spies of terror. Mention of the sign that occurred to the polytheists' spies in this expedition. Abū Nuʿaym and al-Bayhaqī narrated, by way of Ibn Isḥāq, who said: Umayyah b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAmr b. ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān narrated to me that he related that the Messenger of God ﷺ arrived at Ḥunayn on the evening of Tuesday night, ten nights having passed of Shawwāl. Mālik b. ʿAwf sent three men of Hawāzin to look at the Messenger of God ﷺ and his companions, and he ordered them to disperse throughout the army. They returned to him with their joints disjointed, and he said: Woe to you! What is the matter with you? They said: We saw white men on piebald horses. By God, we could not hold ourselves together before what you see befell us. By God, we are not fighting the people of the earth; we are fighting only the people of the heavens. If you obey us, you would turn back with your people, for if the people see the like of what we saw, the like of what befell us will befall them. He said: Uff to you! You are the most cowardly people of the army. So he detained them with him, fearing that that terror would spread in the army, and he said: Point me to a brave man. They agreed upon a man for him, and he went out, then returned to him having been struck by something like what had struck those before him. He said: What did you see? He said: I saw white men on piebald horses; one cannot bear to look at them. By God, I could not hold myself together before what you see befell me. That did not deter Mālik from his course. Muḥammad b. ʿUmar narrated something similar from his shaykhs. Mention of what was said that the angels fought on the day of Ḥunayn and the terror that befell the polytheists. Ibn Abī Ḥātim narrated from al-Suddī al-Kabīr—may God Almighty have mercy on him—concerning the words of God, Mighty and Majestic: And He sent down troops you did not see. He said: They are the angels. And He punished those who disbelieved [al-Tawbah 26]. He said: He killed them with the sword. He also narrated from Saʿīd b. Jubayr—may God Almighty have mercy on him—who said: On the day of Ḥunayn, God—Exalted is He—reinforced His Messenger ﷺ with five thousand marked angels, and on that day God—Exalted is He—named the Anṣār believers. He said: "Then God sent down His tranquility upon His Messenger and upon the believers." From Jubayr b. Muṭʿim ؓ who said: I saw, before the defeat of the people—while the people were fighting—something like a black striped cloak coming from the sky until it fell between the people. I looked, and behold, black ants scattered, filling the valley. I did not doubt that they were the angels, and there was nothing but the defeat of the people. Muḥammad b. ʿUmar narrated from Yaḥyā b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān from shaykhs of his people among the Anṣār, who said: We saw on that day something like black striped cloths falling from the sky in heaps. We looked, and behold, it was scattered sand, and we kept shaking it off our clothes. It was the help of God—Exalted is He—with which He supported us. Musaddad narrated in his Musnad, as did al-Bayhaqī and Ibn ʿAsākir, from ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, the client of Umm Burthun, who said: A man who was one of the polytheists on the day of Ḥunayn narrated to me. He said: When we and the companions of the Messenger of God ﷺ met, they did not withstand us even for the milking of a ewe before we overwhelmed them. While we were driving them back in their retreat, we met the owner of the mule—and in another version: when he came upon us—and behold, it was the Messenger of God ﷺ. Then we met with him, and in another version: behold, between us and him were white men with beautiful faces. They said to us: May the faces be ugly! Turn back! So we turned back—and that was that. From Muṣʿab b. Shaybah b. ʿUthmān al-Ḥajabī, from his father ؓ who said: I went out with the Messenger of God ﷺ on the day of Ḥunayn. By God, I did not go out in Islam, but I went out out of pride lest Hawāzin prevail over Quraysh. While I was standing with the Messenger of God ﷺ, I said: O Messenger of God, I indeed see piebald horses. He said: "O Shaybah, none sees them except a disbeliever." Then he struck his hand on my chest and said: "O God, guide Shaybah." He did that three times—and by God, the Messenger of God ﷺ had not raised his hand the third time before no one among the creation of God—Exalted is He—was dearer to me than him. Description of the terror that befell the polytheists on the day of Ḥunayn. ʿAbd b. Ḥumayd and al-Bayhaqī narrated from Yazīd b. ʿĀmir al-Sawāʾī ؓ, who was present on that day. He was asked about the terror, and he would take a pebble and throw it into a basin, and it would ring, and he would say: We used to find in our insides something like this. From Mālik b. Aws b. al-Ḥadathān, who said: A number of my people who witnessed that day narrated to me, saying: "The Messenger of God ﷺ threw that throw of pebbles, and not one of us but complained of grit in his eyes. We used to find in our chests a throbbing like the falling of pebbles into a basin, and that throbbing did not subside. And on that day we saw white men on piebald horses, wearing red turbans which they had let down between their shoulders, between heaven and earth, in battalions, battalion after battalion. They touched nothing, and we could not look at them closely because of the terror we felt of them."
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