Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1497
The Expedition of Ḥunayn (Hawāzin)
عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ عَمِّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - ﷺ، قَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ: شَهِدْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - ﷺ: يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ، فَلَزِمْتُ أَنَا وَأَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَلَمْ نُفَارِقْهُ، وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى بَغْلَةٍ لَهُ شَهْبَاءَ، قَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ: وَرُبَّمَا قَالَ مَعْمَرٌ: بَيْضَاءُ، أَهْدَاهَا لَهُ فَرْوَةُ بْنُ نُفَاثَةَ الْجُذَامِيُّ، قَالَ فَلَمَّا الْتَقَى الْمُسْلِمُونَ وَالْكُفَّارُ وَلَّى الْمُسْلِمُونَ مُدْبِرِينَ، فَطَفِقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَرْكُضُ بَغْلَتَهُ قَبْلَ الْكُفَّارِ، وَأَنَا آخِذٌ بِلِجَامِ بَغْلَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - ﷺ، وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: أَكُفُّهَا أَنْ لَا تُسْرِعَ، وَهُوَ لَا يَأْلُو مَا أَسْرَعَ نَحْوَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ، وَأَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ آخِذٌ، بِرِكَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ بِغَرْزِهِ، وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ بِثَغْرِهِ، فَالْتَفَتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى أَبِي سُفْيَانَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ وَهُوَ مُقَنَّعٌ فِي الْحَدِيدِ، فَقَالَ: «مَنْ هَذَا” فَقَالَ: ابْنُ عَمِّكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، وَفِي حَدِيثِ الْبَرَاءِ: وَأَبُو سُفْيَانَ ابْنُ عَمِّهِ يَقُودُ بِهِ، قَالَ ابْنُ عُقْبَةَ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: وَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي الرِّكَابَيْنِ، وَهُوَ عَلَى الْبَغْلَةِ، فَرَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ إِلَى اللَّهِ - تَعَالَى - يَدْعُو يَقُولُ: «اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَنْشُدُكَ مَا وَعَدْتَنِي.. اللَّهُمَّ لَا يَنْبَغِي لَهُمْ أَنْ يَظْهَرُوا عَلَيْنَا” انْتَهَى. قَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ: فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - ﷺ: «يَا عَبَّاسُ!! نَادِيَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ، يَا أَصْحَابَ السَّمُرَةِ، يَا أَصْحَابَ سُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ”. قَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ - وَكُنْتُ رَجُلًا صَيِّتًا - فَقُلْتُ بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِي: أَيْنَ الْأَنْصَارُ، أَيْنَ أَصْحَابُ السَّمُرَةِ، أَيْنَ أَصْحَابُ سُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ، قَالَ: وَاللَّهِ لَكَأَنَّمَا عَطَفْتُهُمْ حِينَ سَمِعُوا صَوْتِي عَطْفَةَ الْبَقَرِ عَلَى أَوْلَادِهَا. وَفِي حَدِيثِ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ شَيْبَةَ عِنْدَ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ الْبَغَوِيِّ، وَالْبَيْهَقِيِّ «يَا عَبَّاسُ، اصْرُخْ بِالْمُهَاجِرِينَ الَّذِينَ بَايَعُوا تَحْتَ الشَّجَرَةِ، وَبِالْأَنْصَارِ الَّذِينَ آوَوْا وَنَصَرُوا” قَالَ: فَمَا شَبِهَتْ عَطْفَةُ الْأَنْصَارِ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَّا عَطْفَةَ الْإِبِلِ عَلَى أَوْلَادِهَا. حَتَّى تَرَكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَأَنَّهُ فِي حَرِجَةٍ، فَلَرِمَاحُ الْأَنْصَارِ كَانَتْ أَخْوَفَ عِنْدِي عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ رِمَاحِ الْكُفَّارِ - انْتَهَى. فَقَالُوا: يَا لَبَّيْكَ يَا لَبَّيْكَ يَا لَبَّيْكَ. قَالَ: فَيَذْهَبُ الرَّجُلُ يَثْنِي بَعِيرُهُ وَلَا يَقْدِرُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ، أَيْ لِكَثْرَةِ الْأَعْرَابِ الْمُنْهَزِمِينَ - كَمَا ذَكَرَهُ أَبُو عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْبَرِّ - فَيَأْخُذُ دِرْعَهُ فَيَقْذِفُهَا فِي عُنُقِهِ وَيَأْخُذُ سَيْفَهُ وَتُرْسَهُ وَيَقْتَحِمُ عَنْ بَعِيرِهِ، فَيُخَلِّي سَبِيلَهُ، فَيَؤُمُّ الصَّوْتَ حَتَّى يَنْتَهِيَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى إِذَا اجْتَمَعَ مِنْهُمْ مِائَةٌ، اسْتَقْبَلُوا النَّاسَ فَاقْتَتَلُوهُمْ وَالْكُفَّارَ، وَالدَّعْوَةَ فِي الْأَنْصَارِ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ، ثُمَّ قَصَرَتِ الدَّعْوَةُ عَلَى بَنِي الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْخَزْرَجِ، وَكَانُوا صُبُرًا عِنْدَ الْحَرْبِ، وَأَشْرَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي رِكَابَيْهِ، فَنَظَرَ إِلَى مُجْتَلَدِهِمْ وَهُمْ يَجَتْلِدُونَ وَهُوَ عَلَى بَغْلَتِهِ كَالْمُتَطَاوِلِ عَلَيْهَا إِلَى قِتَالِهِمْ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «هَذَا حِينَ حَمِيَ الْوَطِيسُ، ثُمَّ أَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَصَيَاتٍ فَرَمَى بِهِنَّ وُجُوهَ الْكُفَّارِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: «انْهَزَمُوا وَرَبِّ مُحَمَّدٍ” فَذَهَبْتُ أَنْظُرُ فَإِذَا الْقِتَالُ عَلَى هَيْئَتِهِ فِيمَا أَرَى، فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا هُوَ إِلَّا أَنْ رَمَاهُمْ بِحَصَيَاتِهِ فَمَا زِلْتُ أَرَى حَدَّهُمْ كَلِيلًا وَأَمْرَهُمْ مُدْبِرًا، فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا رَجَعَ النَّاسُ إِلَّا وَأَسَارَى عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مُكَتَّفُونَ، قَتَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى - مِنْهُمْ مَنْ قَتَلَ، وَانْهَزَمَ مِنْهُمْ مَنِ انْهَزَمَ وَأَفَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَلَى رَسُولِهِ أَمْوَالَهُمْ وَنِسَاءَهُمْ وَأَبْنَاءَهُمْ. وقَالَ يَعْلَى بْنُ عَطَاءٍ: وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبْنَاؤُهُمْ عَنْ آبَائِهِمْ -المشركين- أَنَّهُمْ قَالُوا: مَا بَقِيَ مِنَّا أَحَدٌ إِلَّا امْتَلَأَتْ عَيْنَاهُ وَفَمُهُ مِنِ التُّرَابِ، وَسَمِعْنَا صَلْصَلَةً مِنِ السَّمَاءِ كَمَرِّ الْحَدِيدِ عَلَى الطَّسْتِ، فَهَزَمَهُمُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى.
Translation
✧ On the authority of al-ʿAbbās, the paternal uncle of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Al-ʿAbbās said: I was present with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the day of Ḥunayn, and I and Abū Sufyān b. al-Ḥārith kept close to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and did not leave him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was on a gray mule of his. ʿAbd al-Razzāq said: And sometimes Maʿmar said: a white one, which Farwah b. Nufāthah al-Judhāmī had gifted to him. He said: When the Muslims and the disbelievers met, the Muslims turned back in flight, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ began spurring his mule toward the disbelievers while I was holding the bridle of the mule of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. In one narration: I was restraining it so that it would not go too fast, while he spared no effort to hasten toward the polytheists, and Abū Sufyān b. al-Ḥārith was holding the stirrup of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. In one narration: by its girth strap, and in one narration: by its bit. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ turned to Abū Sufyān b. al-Ḥārith while he was masked in iron armor and said: "Who is this?" He said: Your cousin, O Messenger of Allah. And in the ḥadīth of al-Barāʾ: And Abū Sufyān, his cousin, was leading him. Ibn ʿUqbah, may Allah Almighty have mercy on him, said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood up in the two stirrups while he was on the mule, and raised his hands to Allah Almighty supplicating, saying: "O Allah, I adjure You by what You promised me... O Allah, it is not fitting that they should prevail over us." End. Al-ʿAbbās said: Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "O ʿAbbās! Call out: O company of the Anṣār, O companions of the samurah tree, O companions of Sūrat al-Baqarah." Al-ʿAbbās said: I was a loud-voiced man, so I said at the top of my voice: Where are the Anṣār? Where are the companions of the samurah tree? Where are the companions of Sūrat al-Baqarah? He said: By Allah, it was as if their turning when they heard my voice was the turning of cattle toward their young. And in the ḥadīth of ʿUthmān b. Shaybah in the transmission of Abū al-Qāsim al-Baghawī and al-Bayhaqī: "O ʿAbbās, shout to the Muhājirūn who pledged allegiance beneath the tree, and to the Anṣār who gave shelter and helped." He said: The turning of the Anṣār toward the Messenger of Allah ﷺ resembled nothing but the turning of camels toward their young, until the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was left as if he were in a thicket. The lances of the Anṣār were more feared by me for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ than the lances of the disbelievers. End. They said: At your service, at your service, at your service. He said: A man would go to turn his camel around and could not do so, that is because of the multitude of fleeing bedouins, as mentioned by Abū ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-Barr. He would take his coat of mail and throw it over his neck, take his sword and shield, leap off his camel, and leave it to its own way. He would head toward the voice until he reached the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, until when a hundred of them had gathered, they faced the people and fought them and the disbelievers. The call among the Anṣār was: O company of the Anṣār. Then the call was restricted to the Banū al-Ḥārith b. al-Khazraj, and they were steadfast in war. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood up in his two stirrups and looked at their close combat while they were fighting, and he was on his mule as if leaning forward toward their fighting. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "This is when the battle grows hot." Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ took some pebbles and threw them at the faces of the disbelievers, then said: "They are defeated, by the Lord of Muḥammad." I went to look, and the fighting was in the same state as far as I could see. By Allah, it was only that he threw pebbles at them, and I continued to see their strength weaken and their affair retreat. By Allah, the people did not return except with captives bound before the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Allah Almighty killed of them whom He killed, and of them those who fled fled, and Allah Almighty granted His Messenger their wealth, women, and children as spoils. Yaʿlā b. ʿAṭāʾ said: Their sons informed us from their fathers, the polytheists, that they said: There remained none of us whose eyes and mouth were not filled with dust, and we heard a clatter from the sky like the passage of iron on a basin, and Allah Almighty defeated them.
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