Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1455
The Conquest of Makkah
أَذَانِ بِلَالٍ ؓ فَوْقَ الْكَعْبَةِ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ وَمَا وَقَعَ فِي ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْآيَاتِ رَوَى أَبُو يَعْلَى عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ وَابْنُ هِشَامٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ، وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، وَعَنْ عُرْوَةَ، وَابْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، وَيَحْيَى بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ حَاطِبٍ، وَالْأَزْرَقِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ عَنْ شُيُوخِهِ - رَحِمَهُمُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى - إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَمَّا حَانَتِ الظُّهْرُ أَمَرَ - بِلَالًا أَنْ يُؤَذِّنَ بِالظُّهْرِ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَوْقَ الْكَعْبَةِ لِيَغِيظَ بِذَلِكَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ، وَقُرَيْشٌ فَوْقَ رُؤُوسِ الْجِبَالِ، وَقَدْ فَرَّ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ وُجُوهِهِمْ وَتَغَيَّبُوا، وَأَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، وَعَتَّابٌ - وَلَفْظُ ابْنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ: خَالِدُ بْنُ أَسِيدٍ، وَالْحَارِثُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ - جُلُوسٌ بِفِنَاءِ الْكَعْبَةِ - وَأَسْلَمُوا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ. فَقَالَ عَتَّابُ - أَوْ خَالِدُ - بْنُ أَسِيدٍ: لَقَدْ أَكْرَمَ اللَّهُ أُسَيْدًا أَنْ لَا يَكُونَ يَسْمَعُ هَذَا، فَيَسْمَعُ مَا يَغِيظُهُ، وَقَالَ الْحَارِثُ: أَمَا وَاللَّهِ لَوْ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ مُحِقٌّ لَاتَّبَعْتُهُ، فَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ: لَا أَقُولُ شَيْئًا، لَوْ تَكَلَّمْتُ لَأَخْبَرَتْ عَنِّي هَذِهِ الْحَصَا، وَقَالَ بَعْضُ بَنِي سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ، لَقَدْ أَكْرَمَ اللَّهُ سَعِيدًا إِذْ قَبَضَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرَى هَذَا الْأَسْوَدَ عَلَى ظَهْرِ الْكَعْبَةِ. وَقَالَ الْحَكَمُ بْنُ أَبِي الْعَاصِ: هَذَا وَاللَّهِ الْحَدَثُ الْعَظِيمُ أَنْ يَصِيحَ عَبْدُ بَنِي جُمَحَ عَلَى بُنَيَّةِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ. وَقَالَ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ: إِنْ يَكُنِ اللَّهُ - تَعَالَى - يَكْرَهُهُ فَسَيُعَيِّرُهُ، وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: إِنَّ سُهَيْلَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو. قَالَ مِثْلَ قَوْلِ الْحَارِثِ، فَأَتَى جِبْرِيلُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرَهُ خَبَرَهُمْ، فَخَرَجَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ «قَدْ عَلِمْتُ الَّذِي قُلْتُمْ” فَقَالَ الْحَارِثُ وَعَتَّابٌ: نَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا اطَّلَعَ عَلَى هَذَا أَحَدٌ كَانَ مَعَنَا فَنَقُولُ أَخْبَرَكَ. وقيل لَمَّا أَذَّنَ وَقَالَ: أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، قَالَتْ جُوَيْرَةُ بِنْتُ أَبِي جَهْلٍ: لَقَدْ أَكْرَمَ اللَّهُ أَبِي حِينَ لَمْ يَشْهَدْ نَهِيقَ بِلَالٍ فَوْقَ الْكَعْبَةِ. وَقِيلَ: إِنَّهَا قَالَتْ: لَقَدْ رَفَعَ اللَّهُ ذِكْرَ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَأَمَّا نَحْنُ فَسَنُصَلِّي، وَلَكِّنَا لَا نُحِبُّ مَنْ قَتَلَ الْأَحِبَّةَ. وَقَالَ يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، حَدَّثَنِي وَالِدِي، حَدَّثَنِي بَعْضُ آلِ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَمَّا دَخَلَ مَكَّةَ أَمَرَ بِلَالًا، فَعَلَا عَلَى الْكَعْبَةِ عَلَى ظَهْرِهَا، فَأَذَّنَ عَلَيْهَا بِالصَّلَاةِ، فَقَالَ بَعْضُ بَنِي سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ: لَقَدْ أَكْرَمَ اللَّهُ سَعِيدًا إِذْ قَبَضَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرَى هَذَا الْأَسْوَدَ عَلَى ظَهْرِ الْكَعْبَةِ. وَقَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ قَالَ: قَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ: أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِلَالًا فَأَذَّنَ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ فَوْقَ الْكَعْبَةِ، فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ لِلْحَارِثِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ: أَلَا تَرَى إِلَى هَذَا الْعَبْدِ أَيْنَ صَعِدَ ؟! فَقَالَ: دَعْهُ، فَإِنْ يَكُنِ اللَّهُ يَكْرَهُهُ، فَسَيُغَيِّرُهُ. وَقَالَ يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ وَغَيْرُهُ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَمَرَ بِلَالًا عَامَ الْفَتْحِ فَأَذَّنَ عَلَى الْكَعْبَةِ لِيَغِيظَ بِهِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ.
Translation
✧ Bilāl's call to prayer ﷺ over the Kaʿbah on the day of the conquest and the signs that occurred in that regard Abū Yaʿlā narrated from Ibn ʿAbbās ؓ, and Ibn Hishām from some of the people of knowledge, and al-Bayhaqī from Ibn Isḥāq, and from ʿUrwah, and Ibn Abī Shaybah from Abū Salamah, and Yaḥyā b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Ḥāṭib, and al-Azraqī from Ibn Abī Mulaykah, and Muḥammad b. ʿUmar from his shaykhs—may Allah Almighty have mercy on them—that when noon arrived, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded Bilāl to give the call to prayer for the noon prayer that day atop the Kaʿbah, in order to enrage the polytheists thereby. Quraysh were above the mountain tops, and a group of their leading figures had fled and hidden themselves. Abū Sufyān b. Ḥarb, ʿAttāb—and in Ibn Abī Shaybah's wording: Khālid b. Usayd—and al-Ḥārith b. Hishām were sitting in the courtyard of the Kaʿbah—and they later embraced Islam. ʿAttāb—or Khālid—b. Usayd said: "Allah has honored Usayd by not letting him hear this, for he would hear what enrages him." Al-Ḥārith said: "By Allah, if I knew that he was in the right, I would follow him." Abū Sufyān said: "I will not say anything; if I spoke, these pebbles would report about me." Some of the Banū Saʿīd b. al-ʿĀṣ said: "Allah has honored Saʿīd by taking him before he could see this black man atop the Kaʿbah." Al-Ḥakam b. Abī al-ʿĀṣ said: "This, by Allah, is the great event, that a slave of the Banū Jumaḥ should cry out upon the little structure of Abū Ṭalḥah." Al-Ḥārith b. Hishām said: "If Allah Almighty hates it, He will change it." And in one narration: Suhayl b. ʿAmr said the like of al-Ḥārith's words. Then Jibrīl came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and informed him of their news. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ went out to them and said: "I already know what you said." Al-Ḥārith and ʿAttāb said: "We bear witness that you are the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. No one who was with us could have learned of this, so we would say he informed you." It is said: when he gave the call and said, "I bear witness that Muḥammad is the Messenger of Allah," Juwayriyah bt. Abī Jahl said: "Allah has honored my father by not making him witness Bilāl's braying atop the Kaʿbah." And it is said that she said: "Allah has raised the mention of Muḥammad. As for us, we will pray, but we do not love those who killed our loved ones." Yūnus b. Bukayr said, from Ibn Isḥāq: My father narrated to me; some of the family of Jubayr b. Muṭʿim narrated to me that when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered Makkah, he commanded Bilāl, and he climbed upon the Kaʿbah, upon its top, and gave the call to prayer upon it. Some of the Banū Saʿīd b. al-ʿĀṣ said: "Allah has honored Saʿīd by taking him before he could see this black man atop the Kaʿbah." ʿAbd al-Razzāq said, from Maʿmar, from Ayyūb, who said: Ibn Abī Mulaykah said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded Bilāl, and he gave the call to prayer on the day of the conquest atop the Kaʿbah. A man of Quraysh said to al-Ḥārith b. Hishām: "Do you not see this slave and where he has climbed?!" He said: "Leave him. If Allah hates it, He will change it." Yūnus b. Bukayr and others said, from Hishām b. ʿUrwah, from his father, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded Bilāl in the year of the conquest, and he gave the call to prayer upon the Kaʿbah to enrage the polytheists thereby.
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