Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1420
The Conquest of Makkah
مَا قِيلَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَمَّا بَلَغَهُ خَبَرُ خُزَاعَةَ أَرْسَلَ إِلَى قُرَيْشٍ يُخَيِّرُهُمْ بَيْنَ أُمُورٍ ثَلَاثَةٍ رَوَى ابْنُ عَائِذٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ - ؓ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ عَنْ حِزَامِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ الْكَعْبِيِّ وَمُسَدَّدٌ فِي مَسْنَدِهِ بِسَنَدٍ صَحِيحٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبَّادِ بْنِ جَعْفَرَ أَحَدِ ثِقَاتِ التَّابِعِينَ وَأَئِمَّتِهِمْ - رَحِمَهُمُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى - وَاللَّفْظُ لِمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ حِزَامٌ: إِنَّ قُرَيْشًا نَدِمَتْ عَلَى عَوْنِ بَنِي نُفَاثَةَ، وَقَالُوا: مُحَمَّدٌ غَارِّينَا، فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي سَرْحٍ - وَهُوَ يَوْمَئِذٍ عِنْدَهُمْ حَالَ رَدَّتِهِ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ - وَأَسْلَمَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ - إِنَّ عِنْدِي رَأْيًا، إِنَّ مُحَمَّدًا لَنْ يَغْزُوَكُمْ حَتَّى يَعْذُرَ إِلَيْكُمْ، وَيُخَيِّرَكُمْ فِي خِصَالٍ كُلِّهَا أَهْوَنُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْ غَزْوِهِ، قَالُوا مَا هِيَ ؟ قَالَ: يُرْسِلُ إِلَيْكُمْ أَنْ أَدُّوا قَتْلَى خُزَاعَةَ وَهُمْ ثَلَاثَةٌ وَعِشْرُونَ قَتِيلًا، أَوْ تَبَرَّؤُوا مِنْ حِلْفِ مَنْ نَقَضَ الصُّلْحَ وَهُمْ بَنُو نُفَاثَةَ، أَوْ يَنْبِذُ إِلَيْكُمْ عَلَى سَوَاءٍ، فَمَا عِنْدَكُمْ فِي هَذِهِ الْخِصَالِ ؟ فَقَالَ الْقَوْمُ: أَحَرُّ بِمَا قَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي سَرْحٍ -وَقَدْ كَانَ بِهِ عَالِمًا - قَالَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو: مَا خَلَّةٌ أَهْوَنُ عَلَيْنَا مِنْ أَنْ نَبْرَأَ مِنْ حِلْفِ بَنِي نُفَاثَةَ. فَقَالَ شَيْبَةُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ الْعَبْدَرِيُّ حَفِظَتْ أَخْوَالُكَ، وَغَضِبَتْ لَهُمْ قَالَ سُهَيْلٌ: وَأَيّ قُرَيْشٍ لَمْ تَلِدْهُ خُزَاعَةُ ؟ قَالَ شَيْبَةُ: وَلَكِنْ نَدِي قَتْلَى خُزَاعَةَ فَهُوَ أَهْوَنُ عَلَيْنَا، وَقَالَ قَرَظَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ عَمْرٍو: لَا وَاللَّهِ لَا يَوَدُّونَ وَلَا نَبْرَأُ مِنْ حِلْفٍ بَنِي نُفَاثَةَ، وَلَكِنَّا نَنْبِذُ إِلَيْهِ عَلَى سَوَاءٍ. وَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ: لَيْسَ هَذَا بِشَيْءٍ، وَمَا الرَّأْيُ إِلَّا جَحْدُ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ، أَنْ تَكُونَ قُرَيْشٌ دَخَلَتْ فِي نَقْضِ عَهْدٍ أَوْ قَطْعِ مُدَّةٍ وَإِنَّهُ قَطْعُ قَوْمٍ بِغَيْرِ رِضًى مِنَّا وَلَا مَشُورَةٍ فَمَا عَلَيْنَا. قَالُوا: هَذَا الرَّأْيُ لَا رَأْيَ غَيْرَهُ. وَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ ؓ: إِنَّ رَكْبَ خُزَاعَةَ لَمَّا قَدِمُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَخْبَرُوهُ خَبَّرَهُمْ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «فَمَنْ تُهْمَتُكُمْ وَظِنَّتُكُمْ ؟ ” قَالُوا: بَنُو بَكْرٍ، قَالَ: «أَكُلُّهَا ؟ ” قَالُوا: لَا، وَلَكِنْ بَنُو نُفَاثَةَ قَصْرَةً وَرَأْسُ الْقَوْمِ نَوْفَلُ بْنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ النَّفَاثِيُّ. قَالَ: «هَذَا بَطْنٌ مِنْ بَنِي بَكْرٍ، وَأَنَا بَاعِثٌ إِلَى أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ فَسَائِلُهُمْ عَنْ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ وَمُخَيِّرُهُمْ فِي خِصَالٍ ثَلَاثٍ، فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِمْ ضِمْرَةَ - لَمْ يُسَمِّ أَبَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرُ - يُخَيِّرُهُمْ بَيْنَ إِحْدَى خِلَالٍ، بَيْنَ أَنْ يَدُوا قَتْلَى خُزَاعَةَ أَوْ يَبْرَؤُوا مِنْ حِلْفِ بَنِي نُفَاثَةَ، أَوْ يَنْبِذُ إِلَيْهِمْ عَلَى سَوَاءٍ. فَأَتَاهُمْ ضِمْرَةُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَنَاخَ رَاحِلَتَهُ بِبَابِ الْمَسْجِدِ، فَدَخَلَ وَقُرَيْشٌ فِي أَنْدِيَتِهَا، فَأَخْبَرَهُمْ أَنَّهُ رَسُولُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَخْبَرَهُمْ بِالَّذِي أَمَرَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِهِ فَقَالَ قُرَظَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ عَمْرٍو الْأَعْمَى: أَمَّا أَنْ نَدِيَ قَتْلَى خُزَاعَةَ فَإِنَّ نُفَاثَةَ فِيهِمْ عُرَامٌ فَلَا نَدِيهُمْ حَتَّى لَا يَبْقَى لَنَا سَبْدٌ وَلَا لَبَدٌ، وَأَمَّا أَنْ نَتَبَرَّأَ مِنْ حِلْفِ نُفَاثَةَ فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ قَبِيلَةٌ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ تَحُجُّ هَذَا الْبَيْتَ أَشَدَّ تَعْظِيمًا لَهُ مِنْ نُفَاثَةَ، وَهُمْ حُلَفَاؤُنَا، فَلَا نَبْرَأُ مِنْ حِلْفِهِمْ، أَوْ لَا يُبْقَى لَنَا سَبَدٌ وَلَا لَبَدٌ، وَلَكِنْ نَنْبِذُ إِلَيْهِ عَلَى سَوَاءٍ، فَرَجَعَ ضِمْرَةُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِذَلِكَ مِنْ قَوْلِهِمْ. وَنَدِمَتْ قُرَيْشٌ عَلَى رَدِّ رَسُولِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَبَعَثَتْ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ
Translation
✧ It was said that when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ received the news of Khuzāʿah, he sent to Quraysh offering them a choice among three matters. Ibn ʿĀʾidh narrated from Ibn ʿUmar ؓ, and Muḥammad b. ʿUmar from Ḥizām b. Hishām al-Kaʿbī, and Musaddad in his Musnad with a sound chain from Muḥammad b. ʿAbbād b. Jaʿfar, one of the trusted successors and their imams, may Allah Almighty have mercy on them, and the wording is from Muḥammad b. ʿUmar. Ḥizām said: Quraysh regretted their aid to Banū Nufāthah, and they said: Muḥammad is deceiving us. ʿAbd Allāh b. Abī Sarḥ said—while he was then among them at the time of his apostasy from Islam, and he later embraced Islam—I have an opinion. Muḥammad will not raid you until he has made an excuse to you and given you a choice among options, all of which are easier for you than his raid. They said: What are they? He said: He will send to you saying: Pay the blood money for the slain of Khuzāʿah, and they are twenty-three slain; or dissociate yourselves from the alliance of those who violated the treaty, and they are Banū Nufāthah; or he will renounce the treaty with you on equal terms. What do you have regarding these options? The people said: Ibn Abī Sarḥ has spoken most accurately—and he was knowledgeable about him. Suhayl b. ʿAmr said: No option is easier for us than that we dissociate from the alliance of Banū Nufāthah. Shaybah b. ʿUthmān al-ʿAbdarī said: Your maternal uncles have been preserved, and you have become angry on their behalf. Suhayl said: Which of Quraysh was not given birth by Khuzāʿah? Shaybah said: But we will pay the blood money for the slain of Khuzāʿah, for it is easier for us. And Qaraẓah b. ʿAbd ʿAmr said: No, by Allah, they will not pay blood money, nor will we dissociate from the alliance of Banū Nufāthah, but we will renounce the treaty with him on equal terms. Abū Sufyān said: This is nothing, and the only sound opinion is to deny this matter—that Quraysh had entered into breaking a covenant or cutting short a term; for it is the act of a people without our consent or consultation, so no blame is upon us. They said: This is the opinion; there is no opinion other than it. And ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿUmar ؓ said: When the riders of Khuzāʿah came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and informed him of what had happened, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Who are your suspects and your suspicions?” They said: Banū Bakr. He said: “All of them?” They said: No, but Banū Nufāthah specifically, and the head of the people is Nawfal b. Muʿāwiyah al-Nufāthī. He said: “This is a clan of Banū Bakr. I am sending to the people of Makkah to ask them about this matter and to give them a choice among three options.” So he sent Ḍamrah to them —Muḥammad b. ʿUmar did not name his father—offering them a choice among one of three options: that they pay the blood money for the slain of Khuzāʿah, or dissociate from the alliance of Banū Nufāthah, or he would renounce the treaty with them on equal terms. Ḍamrah, the messenger of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, came to them, made his mount kneel at the door of the mosque, entered while Quraysh were in their assemblies, and informed them that he was the messenger of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and told them what the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had commanded him. Then Qaraẓah b. ʿAbd ʿAmr the blind said: As for paying the blood money for the slain of Khuzāʿah, Nufāthah are a fierce people, so we will not pay for them until no hair or wool remains for us. As for dissociating from the alliance of Nufāthah, there is no tribe among the Arabs that venerates this House more than Nufāthah, and they are our allies, so we will not dissociate from their alliance, or until no hair or wool remains for us. But we will renounce the treaty with him on equal terms. Ḍamrah returned to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with that statement from them. And Quraysh regretted their rejection of the messenger of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and sent Abū Sufyān.
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