Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1257
The Expedition of Banu Qurayzah in the Year Five
ذِكْرُ بَعْضِ مَا قِيلَ مِنَ الْأَشْعَارِ فِي هَذِهِ الْغَزْوَةِ رَوَى الْبُخَارِيُّ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ ؓ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ لِحَسَّانَ يَوْمَ قُرَيْظَةَ: اهْجُهُمْ أَوْ هَاجِهِمْ وَجِبْرِيلُ مَعَكَ. وَرَوَى ابْنُ مَرْدَوَيْهِ عَنْ جَابِرٍ - ؓ، قَالَ: لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْأَحْزَابِ، وَرَدَّهُمُ اللَّهُ بِغَيْظِهِمْ. قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «مَنْ يَحْمِي أَعْرَاضَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ؟ » فَقَامَ كَعْبٌ، وَابْنُ رَوَاحَةَ، وَحَسَّانُ، فَقَالَ لِحَسَّانَ: «اهْجُهُمْ أَنْتَ فَإِنَّهُ سَيُعِينُكَ عَلَيْهِمْ رُوحُ الْقُدُسِ»، فَقَالَ حَسَّانُ - ؓ: لَقَدْ لَقِيَتْ قُرَيْظَةُ مَا أَسَاهَا وَمَا وَجَدَتْ لِذُلٍّ مِنْ نَصِيرِ أَصَابَهُمْ بَلَاءٌ كَانَ فِيهِ سِوَى مَا قَدْ أَصَابَ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ غَدَاةَ أَتَاهُمْ يَهْوِي إِلَيْهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ كَالْقَمَرِ الْمُنِيرِ لَهُ خَيْلٌ مُجَنَّبَةً تُعَادَى بِفُرْسَانٍ عَلَيْهَا كَالصُّقُورِ تَرَكْنَاهُمْ وَمَا ظَفِرُوا بِشَيْءٍ دِمَاؤُهُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ كَالْعَبِيرِ فَهُمْ صَرْعَى تَحُومُ الطَّيْرُ فِيهِمْ كَذَاكَ يُدَانُ ذُو الْعِنْدِ الْفُجُورِ فَأَنْذْرْ مِثْلَهَا نُصْحًا قُرَيْشًا مِنَ الرَّحْمَنِ إِنْ قَبِلَتْ نَذِيرِي وَقَالَ أَيْضًا: لَقَدْ لَقِيَتْ قُرَيْظَةُ مَا أَسَاهَا وَحَلَّ بِحِصْنِهَا ذُلٌّ ذَلِيلُ وَسَعْدٌ كَانَ أَنْذَرَهُمْ بِنُصْحٍ بِأَنَّ إِلَهَكُمْ رَبٌّ جَلِيلُ فَمَا بَرِحُوا بِنَقْضِ الْعَهْدِ حَتَّى فَلَاهُمْ فِي بِلَادِهِمِ الرَّسُولُ أَحَاطَ بِحِصْنِهِمْ مِنَّا صُفُوفٌ لَهُ مِنْ حَرِّ وَقْعَتِهِمْ صَلِيلُ وَقَالَ أَيْضًا: تَفَاقَدَ مَعْشَرٌ نَصَرُوا قُرَيْشًا وَلَيْسَ لَهُمْ بِبَلْدَتِهِمْ نَصِيرُ هُمْ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ فَضَيَّعُوهُ وَهُمْ عُمْيٌ عَنِ التَّوْرَاةِ بُورُ كَفَرْتُمْ بِالْقُرْآنِ وَقَدْ أُتِيتُمْ بِتَصْدِيقِ الَّذِي قَالَ النَّذِيرُ فَهَانَ عَلَى سَرَاةِ بَنِي لُؤَيٍّ حَرِيقٌ بِالْبُوَيْرَةِ مُسْتَطِيرُ فَأَجَابَهُ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَقَالَ: أَدَامَ اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ صَنِيعٍ وَحَرَّقَ فِي طَوَائِفِهَا السَّعِيرُ سَتَعْلَمُ أَيُّنَا مِنْهَا بِنُزْهٍ وَتَعْلَمُ أَيَّ أَرْضَيْنَا تَضِيرُ فَلَوْ كَانَ النَّخِيلُ بِهَا رِكَابًا لَقَالُوا لَا مُقَامَ لَكُمْ فَسِيرُوا قُلْتُ: وَهَذَا قَالَهُ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُسْلِمَ. وَقَالَ حَسَّانُ أَيْضًا: لَقَدْ سَجَمَتْ مِنْ دَمْعِ عَيْنِي عَبْرَةٌ وَحُقَّ لِعَيْنِي أَنْ تُفِيضَ عَلَى سَعْدِ قَتِيلٌ ثَوَى فِي مَعْرَكٍ فُجِعَتْ بِهِ عُيُونُ ذَوَارِي الدَّمْعِ دَائِمَةِ الْوَجْدِ عَلَى مِلَّةِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَارِثِ جَنَّةٍ مَعَ الشُّهَدَاءِ وَفْدُهَا أَكْرَمُ الْوَعْدِ فَإِنْ تَكْ قَدْ وَدَّعْتَنَا وَتَرَكْتَنَا وَأَمْسَيْتَ فِي غَبْرَاءَ مُظْلِمَةِ اللَّحْدِ فَأَنْتَ الَّذِي يَا سَعْدُ أُبْتَ بِمَشْهَدٍ كَرِيمٍ وَأَثْوَابِ الْمَكَارِمِ وَالْحَمْدِ بِحُكْمِكَ فِي حُيَيِّ قُرَيْظَةَ بِالَّذِي قَضَى اللَّهُ فِيهِمْ مَا قَضَيْتَ عَلَى عَمْدِ فَوَافَقَ حُكْمَ اللَّهِ حُكْمُكَ فِيهِمْ وَلَمْ تَعْفُ إِذْ ذَكَرْتَ مَا كَانَ مِنْ عَهْدِ فَإِنْ كَانَ رَيْبُ الدَّهْرِ أَمْضَاكَ فِي الْأُلَى شَرَوْا هَذِهِ الدُّنْيَا بِجَنَّاتِهَا الْخُلْدِ فَنِعْمَ مَصِيرُ الصَّادِقِينَ إِذَا دُعُوا إِلَى اللَّهِ يَوْمًا لِلْوَجَاهَةِ وَالْقَصْدِ وَقَالَ أَيْضًا يَبْكِي سَعْدَ بْنَ مُعَاذٍ وَرِجَالًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - ﷺ: أَلَا يَا لِقَوْمِي هَلْ لَمَّا حُمَّ دَافِعُ وَهَلْ مَا مَضَى مَنْ صَالِحِ الْعَيْشِ رَاجِعُ تَذَكَّرْتُ عَصْرًا قَدْ مَضَى فَتَهَافَتَتْ بَنَاتُ الْحَشَا وَانْهَلَّ مِنِّي الْمَدَامِعُ صَبَابَةً وَجَدَّ ذَكَّرَتْنِي أُخُوَّةٌ وَقَتْلَى مَضَى فِيهَا طُفَيْلٌ وَرَافِعُ وَسَعْدٌ فَأَضْحَوْا فِي الْجِنَانِ وَأُوحِشَتْ مَنَازِلُهُمْ فَالْأَرْضُ مِنْهُمْ بِلَاقِعُ وَفَوْا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ لِلرَّسُولِ وَفَوْقَهُمْ ظِلَالُ الْمَنَايَا وَالسُّيُوفُ اللَّوَامِعُ دَعَا فَأَجَابُوهُ بِحَقٍّ وَكُلُّهُمْ مُطِيعٌ لَهُ فِي كُلِّ أَمْرٍ وَسَامِعُ فَمَا نَكَّلُوا حَتَّى تَوَالَوْا جَمَاعَةً وَلَا يَقْطَعُ الْآجَالَ إِلَّا الْمُصَارِعُ لِأَنَّهُمْ يَرْجُونَ مِنْهُ شَفَاعَةً إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ إِلَّا النَّبِيُّونَ شَافِعُ فَذَلِكَ يَا خَيْرَ الْعِبَادِ بَلَاؤُنَا إِجَابَتُنَا لِلَّهِ وَالْمَوْتُ نَاقِعُ لَنَا الْقَدَمُ الْأُولَى إِلَيْكَ وَخَلْفَنَا لِأَوَّلِنَا فِي مِلَّةِ اللَّهِ تَابِعُ وَنَعْلَمُ أَنَّ الْمُلْكَ لِلَّهِ وَحْدَهُ وَأَنَّ قَضَاءَ اللَّهِ لَا بُدَّ وَاقِعُ
Translation
✧ Mention of some of the poetry that was said concerning this expedition Al-Bukhārī and al-Nasāʾī related from al-Barāʾ b. ʿĀzib ؓ that the Messenger of God ﷺ said to Ḥassān on the day of Qurayẓah: "Satirize them—or lampoon them—and Gabriel is with you." Ibn Mardawayh related from Jābir ؓ, who said: When it was the day of the Confederates, and God turned them back in their rage, the Prophet ﷺ said, "Who will defend the honor of the Muslims?" Kaʿb, Ibn Rawāḥah, and Ḥassān stood up. He said to Ḥassān, "You satirize them, for the Holy Spirit will aid you against them." Ḥassān ؓ said: Qurayẓah met what grieved them, and they found no helper against humiliation. A trial befell them, in which there was nothing but what had befallen the Banū al-Naḍīr. On the morning when the Messenger of God came down to them like the shining moon. He had horses drawn up in squadrons, charged by riders upon them like falcons. We left them, and they gained nothing; their blood was upon them like perfume. They are slain, with birds circling over them; thus is the obstinate, wicked one requited. So warn Quraysh, in sincere counsel, of the like of it from the Merciful, if they accept my warning. And he also said: Qurayẓah met what grieved them, and abasing humiliation settled in their fortress. Saʿd had warned them with sincere counsel that your God is a majestic Lord. They did not cease breaking the covenant until the Messenger destroyed them in their lands. Ranks from us surrounded their fortress, with a clash from the heat of their battle. And he also said: A band that aided Quraysh has perished, and they have no helper in their own land. They were given the Book but squandered it, and they are blind to the Torah, ruined. You disbelieved in the Qurʾān, though you had been given confirmation of what the warner said. It was easy for the nobles of the Banū Luʾayy that a spreading fire blazed at al-Buwayrah. Abū Sufyān b. al-Ḥārith b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib answered him, saying: May God perpetuate that deed of yours, and may the blaze burn in its quarters. You will know which of us is in a secure place, and you will know which of our two lands suffers harm. If the palm trees there were camels, they would say, "No staying for you, so depart." I say: This Abū Sufyān b. al-Ḥārith said before he became Muslim. Ḥassān also said: A tear from my eye has poured forth, and it was right for my eye to overflow for Saʿd. A slain one who lay in a battle, by whom eyes of flowing tears, constant in grief, were stricken. Upon the religion of the Merciful, an heir of Paradise, with the martyrs, its delegation—the noblest of promise. If you have bidden us farewell and left us, and have come to rest in dark, dusty earth, then you are the one, O Saʿd, who returned with a noble testimony and garments of honor and praise, by your judgment concerning Ḥuyayy of Qurayẓah, with what God decreed for them—what you decreed deliberately. Thus your judgment concerning them agreed with God's judgment, and you did not pardon when you remembered what was of the covenant. If the vicissitudes of time carried you off among those who sold this world for its gardens of eternity, then excellent is the end of the truthful when they are called to God one day for honor and right intention. And he also said, weeping for Saʿd b. Muʿādh and men among the companions of the Messenger of God ﷺ: Alas, O my people, is there any repeller of what has been decreed? And can any of the good life that has passed return? I remembered a time that has gone, and the daughters of the heart fell down, and my tears poured forth, from love and grief, reminding me of brotherhood and slain ones among whom Ṭufayl and Rāfiʿ passed, and Saʿd—so they have become in the gardens, and their dwellings are desolate, and the earth is empty of them. They fulfilled on the day of Badr for the Messenger, and above them were the shades of death and the gleaming swords. He called, and they answered him in truth, and all of them were obedient to him in every matter, and listening. They did not hold back until they followed one another in a company, and only the wrestler cuts off the appointed terms, because they hope for intercession from him when there will be no intercessors except the prophets. So that, O best of servants, is our trial— our answering God, while death is a drink. To you belongs the first step, and behind us a follower of our first ones in the religion of God. And we know that dominion belongs to God alone, and that God's decree must inevitably occur.
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