Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1246
The Expedition of Banu Qurayzah in the Year Five
[ مَوْقِفُ الرَّسُولِ مِنْ أَبِي لُبَابَةَ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَبَرُهُ، وَكَانَ قَدْ اَسْتَبْطَأَهُ، قَالَ: أَمَا إنَّهُ لَوْ جَاءَنِي لَاسْتَغْفَرْتُ لَهُ، فَأَمَّا إذْ قَدْ فَعَلَ مَا فَعَلَ فَمَا أَنَا بِاَلَّذِي أُطْلِقُهُ مِنْ مَكَانِهِ حَتَّى يَتُوبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَحَدَّثَنِي يَزِيدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ قُسَيْطٍ: أَنَّ تَوْبَةَ أَبَى لُبَابَةَ نَزَلَتْ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ السَّحَرِ، وَهُوَ فِي بَيْتِ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ. ( فَقَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ ): فَسَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ السَّحَرِ وَهُوَ يَضْحَكُ. قَالَتْ: فَقُلْتُ: مِمَّ تَضْحَكُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ؟ أَضْحَكَ اللَّهُ سِنَّكَ؛ قَالَ: تِيبَ عَلَى أَبِي لُبَابَةَ، قَالَتْ: قُلْتُ: أَفَلَا أُبَشِّرُهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ؟ قَالَ: بَلَى، إنْ شِئْتِ قَالَ: فَقَامَتْ عَلَى بَابِ حُجْرَتِهَا، وَذَلِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُضْرَبَ عَلَيْهِنَّ الْحِجَابُ، فَقَالَتْ: يَا أَبَا لُبَابَةَ، أَبْشِرْ فَقَدْ تَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ. قَالَتْ: فَثَارَ النَّاسُ إلَيْهِ لِيُطْلِقُوهُ فَقَالَ: لَا وَاَللَّهِ حَتَّى يَكُونَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ هُوَ الَّذِي يُطْلِقُنِي بِيَدِهِ؛ فَلَمَّا مَرَّ عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَارِجًا إلَى صَلَاةِ الصُّبْحِ أَطْلَقَهُ. مَا نَزَلَ فِي التَّوْبَةِ عَلَى أَبِي لُبَابَةَ يوم قريظة قَالَ أَبُو لُبَابَةَ: فَكُنْتُ فِي أَمْرٍ عَظِيمٍ، فِي حَرٍّ شَدِيدٍ عِدَّةَ لَيَالٍ لَا آكُلُ فِيهِنَّ وَلَا أَشْرَبُ، وَقُلْتُ: لَا أَزَالُ هَكَذَا حَتَّى أُفَارِقَ الدُّنْيَا، أَوْ يَتُوبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيَّ. وَأَذْكُرُ رُؤْيَا رَأَيْتُهَا فِي النَّوْمِ وَنَحْنُ مُحَاصِرُونَ بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ. كَأَنِّي فِي حَمْأَةٍ آسِنَةٍ، فَلَمْ أَخْرُجْ مِنْهَا حَتَّى كِدْتُ أَمُوتُ مِنْ رِيحِهَا، ثُمَّ أُرَى نَهْرًا جَارِيًا فَأُرَانِي اغْتَسَلْتُ فِيهِ حَتَّى اسْتَنْقَيْتُ وَأُرَانِي أَجِدُ رِيحًا طَيِّبَةً فَاسْتَعْبَرْتُهَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ: لَتَدْخُلَنَّ فِي أَمْرٍ تَغْتَمُّ لَهُ، ثُمَّ يُفْرَجُ عِنْدَئِذٍ، فَكُنْتُ أَذْكُرُ قَوْلَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَأَنَا مُرْتَبِطٌ، فَأَرْجُو أَنْ يُنْزِلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى - تَوْبَتِي. قَالَ: فَلَمْ أَزَلْ كَذَلِكَ حَتَّى مَا أَسْمَعُ الصَّوْتَ مِنَ الْجُهْدِ - وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَنْظُرُ إِلَيَّ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: أَقَامَ مُرْتَبِطًا سِتَّ لَيَالٍ تَأْتِيهِ امْرَأَتُهُ كُلَّ صَلَاةٍ فَتَحُلُّهُ حَتَّى يَتَوَضَّأَ وَيُصَلِّيَ ثُمَّ يَرْتَبِطَ. وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَنَّ أَبَا لُبَابَةَ ارْتَبَطَ بِسِلْسِلَةٍ رَبُوضٍ وَالرَّبُوضُ الثَّقِيلَةُ - بِضْعَ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً حَتَّى ذَهَبَ سَمْعُهُ فَمَا يَكَادُ يَسْمَعُ، وَيَكَادُ يَذْهَبُ بَصَرُهُ. وَكَانَتِ ابْنَتُهُ تَحُلُّهُ إِذَا حَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ أَوْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَذْهَبَ لِحَاجَتِهِ فَإِذَا فَرَغَ أَعَادَتِ الرِّبَاطَ. وَالظَّاهِرُ أَنَّ زَوْجَتَهُ كَانَتْ تُبَاشِرُ حَلَّهُ مَرَّةً وَابْنَتَهُ مَرَّةً. وَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى - فِي تَوْبَةِ أَبِي لُبَابَةَ وَآخَرُونَ اعْتَرَفُوا بِذُنُوبِهِمْ خَلَطُوا عَمَلا صَالِحًا وَآخَرَ سَيِّئًا عَسَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِمْ إِنَّ اللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ [التَّوْبَةِ 102] قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: حَدَّثَنِي يَزِيدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ قُسَيْطٍ: إِنَّ تَوْبَةَ أَبِي لُبَابَةَ نَزَلَتْ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - ﷺ مِنَ السَّحَرِ وَهُوَ فِي بَيْتِ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ، قَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ: فَسَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - ﷺ مِنَ السَّحَرِ وَهُوَ يَضْحَكُ، قَالَتْ: فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مِمَّ تَضْحَكُ ؟ أَضْحَكَ اللَّهُ سِنَّكَ، قَالَ: «تِيبَ عَلَى أَبِي لُبَابَةَ » قَالَتْ: فَقُلْتُ أَفَلَا أُبَشِّرُهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ؟ قَالَ: بَلَى إِنْ شِئْتِ» قَالَ: فَقَامَتْ عَلَى بَابِ حُجْرَتِهَا - وَذَلِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُضْرَبَ عَلَيْهِنَّ الْحِجَابُ - فَقَالَتْ: يَا أَبَا لُبَابَةَ، أَبْشِرْ فَقَدْ تَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ قَالَتْ: فَسَارَ النَّاسُ إِلَيْهِ لِيُطْلِقُوهُ، فَقَالَ: لَا وَاللَّهِ حَتَّى يَكُونَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ هُوَ الَّذِي يُطْلِقُنِي بِيَدِهِ. فَلَمَّا مَرَّ عَلَيْهِ خَارِجًا إِلَى صَلَاةِ الصُّبْحِ أَطْلَقَهُ. قَالَ السُّهَيْلِيُّ وَرَوَى حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ - رِضْوَانُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ أَجْمَعِينَ - قَالَ: إِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ - ؓ. جَاءَتْ تَحُلُّهُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي حَلَفْتُ أَلَّا يَحُلَّنِي إِلَّا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ - ﷺ: «إِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ بَضْعَةٌ مِنِّي» قَالَ أَبُو لُبَابَةَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ مِنْ تَوْبَتِي أَنْ أَهْجُرَ دَارَ قَوْمِي الَّتِي أَصَبْتُ فِيهَا الذَّنْبَ، وَأَنْ أَنْخَلِعَ مِنْ مَالِي كُلِّهِ صَدَقَةً إِلَى اللَّهِ وَإِلَى رَسُولِهِ. قَالَ: «يُجْزِئُكَ الثُّلُثُ يَا أَبَا لُبَابَةَ»
Translation
✧ [ The Messenger's stance regarding Abū Lubābah ] Ibn Isḥāq said: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ heard of his action—and he had been slow in returning—he said: “Indeed, had he come to me, I would have sought forgiveness for him. But since he has done what he did, I am not the one to release him from his place until Allah relents toward him.” Ibn Isḥāq said: Yazīd b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Qusayṭ related to me that the repentance of Abū Lubābah came down upon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at dawn, while he was in the house of Umm Salamah. Umm Salamah said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at dawn while he was laughing. She said: I said, “Why do you laugh, O Messenger of Allah? May Allah make your teeth laugh.” He said: “Repentance has been accepted for Abū Lubābah.” She said: I said, “Shall I give him the good news, O Messenger of Allah?” He said: “Yes, if you wish.” She said: So she stood at the door of her room—that was before the veil was imposed on them—and said, “O Abū Lubābah, rejoice, for Allah has relented toward you.” She said: The people rushed to him to release him, but he said: “No, by Allah, not until the Messenger of Allah ﷺ is the one who releases me with his own hand.” So when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed by him on his way out to the dawn prayer, he released him. What was revealed concerning the repentance of Abū Lubābah on the day of Qurayzah Abū Lubābah said: I was in a momentous affair, in intense heat, for several nights, during which I neither ate nor drank. I said: I will remain thus until I depart the world or Allah relents toward me. I recall a vision I saw in sleep while we were besieging Banū Qurayzah: it was as if I were in foul, stagnant mud, from which I did not emerge until I nearly died of its stench. Then I saw a flowing river, and it was as if I washed in it until I became clean, and I found a pleasant fragrance, and I sought its interpretation from Abū Bakr. He said: You will enter into an affair that will grieve you, then relief will come at that point. I kept remembering Abū Bakr's words while I was bound, hoping that Allah, Exalted is He, would send down my repentance. He said: I remained thus until I could no longer hear any sound from exhaustion—while the Messenger of Allah ﷺ looked at me. Ibn Hishām said: He remained bound for six nights; his wife would come to him at each prayer, untie him so he could perform ablution and pray, then he would bind himself again. From ʿAbd Allāh b. Abī Bakr, that Abū Lubābah bound himself with a heavy chain—rabūḍ means heavy—for some ten-odd nights until his hearing went, so that he could hardly hear, and his sight nearly went. His daughter would untie him when prayer came or when he needed to relieve himself; when he finished, she would restore the binding. It appears that his wife carried out untying him at times, and his daughter at other times. And Allah, Exalted is He, revealed concerning Abū Lubābah's repentance: “And others have confessed their sins; they mixed a righteous deed with another evil one. Perhaps Allah will turn to them. Indeed, Allah is Forgiving, Merciful” [al-Tawbah 102]. Ibn Isḥāq said: Yazīd b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Qusayṭ related to me that Abū Lubābah's repentance came down upon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at dawn, while he was in the house of Umm Salamah. Umm Salamah said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at dawn while he was laughing. She said: I said, “O Messenger of Allah, why do you laugh? May Allah make your teeth laugh.” He said: “Repentance has been accepted for Abū Lubābah.” She said: I said, “Shall I give him the good news, O Messenger of Allah?” He said: “Yes, if you wish.” He said: So she stood at the door of her room—that was before the veil was imposed on them—and said, “O Abū Lubābah, rejoice, for Allah has relented toward you.” She said: The people went to him to release him, but he said: “No, by Allah, not until the Messenger of Allah ﷺ is the one who releases me with his own hand.” So when he passed by him on his way out to the dawn prayer, he released him. Al-Suhaylī said: Ḥammād b. Salamah narrated from ʿAlī b. Zayd, from ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn— ؓ —who said: Fāṭimah ؓ came to untie him, but he said, “I swore an oath that none should untie me except the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.” The Prophet ﷺ said: “Fāṭimah is a part of me.” Abū Lubābah said: O Messenger of Allah, part of my repentance is that I abandon the dwelling of my people in which I committed the sin, and that I divest myself of all my wealth as charity to Allah and His Messenger. He said: “A third suffices you, O Abū Lubābah.”
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