Tarikh (al-Tabari) 115
The story of Abraham the Friend (peace and blessings be upon him)
كَانُوا يَعْبُدُونَ الْكَوَاكِبَ السَّبْعَةَ، وَالَّذِينَ عَمَّرُوا مَدِينَةَ دِمَشْقَ كَانُوا عَلَى هَذَا الدِّينِ يَسْتَقْبِلُونَ الْقُطْبَ الشَّمَالِيَّ، وَيَعْبُدُونَ الْكَوَاكِبَ السَّبْعَةَ بِأَنْوَاعٍ مِنَ الْفَعَالِ وَالْمَقَالِ؛ وَلِهَذَا كَانَ عَلَى كُلِّ بَابٍ مِنْ أَبْوَابِ دِمَشْقَ السَّبْعَةِ الْقَدِيمَةِ هَيْكَلٌ لِكَوْكَبٍ مِنْهَا، وَيَعْمَلُونَ لَهَا أَعْيَادًا وَقَرَابِينَ. وَهَكَذَا كَانَ أَهْلُ حَرَّانَ يَعْبُدُونَ الْكَوَاكِبَ وَالْأَصْنَامَ، وَكُلُّ مَنْ كَانَ عَلَى وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ كَانُوا كُفَّارًا سِوَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْخَلِيلِ، وَامْرَأَتِهِ، وَابْنِ أَخِيهِ لُوطٍ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ. وَكَانَ الْخَلِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ هُوَ الَّذِي أَزَالَ اللَّهُ بِهِ تِلْكَ الشُّرُورَ، وَأَبْطَلَ بِهِ ذَاكَ الضَّلَالَ. فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى آتَاهُ رُشْدَهُ فِي صِغَرِهِ، وَابْتَعَثَهُ رَسُولًا، وَاتَّخَذَهُ خَلِيلًا فِي كِبَرِهِ. قَالَ تَعَالَى: وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ رُشْدَهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَكُنَّا بِهِ عَالِمِينَ [ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ: 51 ]. أَيْ كَانَ أَهْلًا لِذَلِكَ. وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: وَإِبْرَاهِيمَ إِذْ قَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَاتَّقُوهُ ذَلِكُمْ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ إِنَّمَا تَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ أَوْثَانًا وَتَخْلُقُونَ إِفْكًا إِنَّ الَّذِينَ تَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ لَا يَمْلِكُونَ لَكُمْ رِزْقًا فَابْتَغُوا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ الرِّزْقَ وَاعْبُدُوهُ وَاشْكُرُوا لَهُ إِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُونَ وَإِنْ تُكَذِّبُوا فَقَدْ كَذَّبَ أُمَمٌ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ وَمَا عَلَى الرَّسُولِ إِلَّا الْبَلَاغُ الْمُبِينُ أَوَ لَمْ يَرَوْا كَيْفَ يُبْدِئُ اللَّهُ الْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيدُهُ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ يَسِيرٌ قُلْ سِيرُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ فَانْظُرُوا كَيْفَ بَدَأَ الْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ اللَّهُ يُنْشِئُ النَّشْأَةَ الْآخِرَةَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ يُعَذِّبُ مَنْ يَشَاءُ وَيَرْحَمُ مَنْ يَشَاءُ وَإِلَيْهِ تُقْلَبُونَ وَمَا أَنْتُمْ بِمُعْجِزِينَ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَا فِي السَّمَاءِ وَمَا لَكُمْ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ مِنْ وَلِيٍّ وَلَا نَصِيرٍ وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ وَلِقَائِهِ أُولَئِكَ يَئِسُوا مِنْ رَحْمَتِي وَأُولَئِكَ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ فَمَا كَانَ جَوَابَ قَوْمِهِ إِلَّا أَنْ قَالُوا اقْتُلُوهُ أَوْ حَرِّقُوهُ فَأَنْجَاهُ اللَّهُ مِنَ النَّارِ إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يُؤْمِنُونَ وَقَالَ إِنَّمَا اتَّخَذْتُمْ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ أَوْثَانًا مَوَدَّةَ بَيْنِكُمْ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا ثُمَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ يَكْفُرُ بَعْضُكُمْ بِبَعْضٍ وَيَلْعَنُ بَعْضُكُمْ بَعْضًا وَمَأْوَاكُمُ النَّارُ وَمَا لَكُمْ مِنْ نَاصِرِينَ فَآمَنَ لَهُ لُوطٌ وَقَالَ إِنِّي مُهَاجِرٌ إِلَى رَبِّي إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ وَوَهَبْنَا لَهُ إِسْحَاقَ وَيَعْقُوبَ وَجَعَلْنَا فِي ذُرِّيَّتِهِ النُّبُوَّةَ وَالْكِتَابَ وَآتَيْنَاهُ أَجْرَهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَإِنَّهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ لَمِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ [ الْعَنْكَبُوتِ: 16 - 27 ]
Translation
✧ They used to worship the seven planets, and those who inhabited the city of Damascus were upon this religion, facing the north pole and worshiping the seven planets with various kinds of deeds and sayings. For this reason, on each of the seven ancient gates of Damascus there was a temple for one of these planets, and they held festivals and offered sacrifices to them. Likewise, the people of Harran worshiped the planets and idols. All who were on the face of the earth were disbelievers except Ibrahim al-Khalil, his wife, and his nephew Lut (peace be upon them). It was al-Khalil ﷺ through whom Allah removed those evils and by whom He abolished that misguidance. For Allah, glorified and exalted be He, granted him his right judgment in his youth, sent him as a messenger, and took him as a close friend in his old age. He, exalted be He, said: "And We had certainly given Ibrahim his sound judgment before, and We were of him well knowing" [al-Anbiya': 51], meaning he was worthy of that. And He, exalted be He, said: "And [mention] Ibrahim when he said to his people, 'Worship Allah and fear Him. That is best for you, if you should know. You only worship, besides Allah, idols, and you produce a falsehood. Indeed, those you worship besides Allah do not possess for you provision. So seek from Allah provision and worship Him and be grateful to Him. To Him you will be returned.' And if you deny [the message]—already nations before you have denied. And there is not upon the Messenger except the clear notification. Have they not considered how Allah begins creation and then repeats it? Indeed that, for Allah, is easy. Say, 'Travel through the land and observe how He began creation. Then Allah will produce the final creation. Indeed Allah, over all things, is competent. He punishes whom He wills and has mercy upon whom He wills, and to Him you will be returned. And you will not cause failure [to Allah] upon the earth or in the heaven. And you have not besides Allah any protector or any helper. And those who disbelieve in the verses of Allah and the meeting with Him—those have despaired of My mercy, and they will have a painful punishment.' And the answer of his people was not but that they said, 'Kill him or burn him,' but Allah saved him from the fire. Indeed in that are signs for a people who believe. And he said, 'You have only taken, besides Allah, idols as [a bond of] affection among you in worldly life. Then on the Day of Resurrection you will deny one another and curse one another, and your refuge will be the Fire, and you will have no helpers.' And Lut believed him, and he said, 'Indeed, I will emigrate to my Lord. Indeed, He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.' And We gave to him Ishaq and Ya'qub and placed in his descendants prophethood and scripture, and We gave him his reward in this world, and indeed, in the Hereafter he is among the righteous" [al-'Ankabut: 16-27].
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.