Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1128
The Expedition of Uḥud
وَالْمَقْصُودُ أَنَّ أُحُدًا وَقَعَ فِيهَا أَشْيَاءُ مِمَّا وَقَعَ فِي بَدْرٍ مِنْهَا ; حُصُولُ النُّعَاسِ حَالَ الْتِحَامِ الْحَرْبِ، وَهَذَا دَلِيلٌ عَلَى طُمَأْنِينَةِ الْقُلُوبِ بِنَصْرِ اللَّهِ وَتَأْيِيدِهِ وَتَمَامِ تَوَكُّلِهَا عَلَى خَالِقِهَا وَبَارِئِهَا. وَقَدْ تَقَدَّمَ الْكَلَامُ عَلَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى فِي غَزْوَةِ بَدْرٍ: إِذْ يُغَشِّيكُمُ النُّعَاسَ أَمَنَةً مِنْهُ الْآيَةَ [ الْأَنْفَالِ: 11 ] وَقَالَ هَاهُنَا: ثُمَّ أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ الْغَمِّ أَمَنَةً نُعَاسًا يَغْشَى طَائِفَةً مِنْكُمْ يَعْنِي الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الْكُمَّلَ، كَمَا قَالَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ وَغَيْرُهُ مِنَ السَّلَفِ: النُّعَاسُ فِي الْحَرْبِ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ وَالنُّعَاسُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ مِنَ النِّفَاقِ . وَلِهَذَا قَالَ بَعْدَ هَذَا: وَطَائِفَةٌ قَدْ أَهَمَّتْهُمْ أَنْفُسُهُمْ الْآيَةَ [ آلِ عِمْرَانَ: 154 ]. وَمِنْ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ اسْتَنْصَرَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ كَمَا اسْتَنْصَرَ يَوْمَ بِدْرٍ بِقَوْلِهِ: إِنْ تَشَأْ لَا تُعْبَدُ فِي الْأَرْضِ كَمَا قَالَ الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ: بسنده، عَنْ أَنَسٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَانَ يَقُولُ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ: اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّكَ إِنْ تَشَأْ لَا تُعْبَدُ فِي الْأَرْضِ. وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ أيضا. وَقَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ: بسنده عن جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَجُلٌ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ: أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ قُتِلْتُ فَأَيْنَ أَنَا ؟ قَالَ: فِي الْجَنَّةِ فَأَلْقَى تَمَرَاتٍ فِي يَدِهِ ثُمَّ قَاتَلَ حَتَّى قُتِلَ وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ، وَالنَّسَائِيُّ أيضا، وَهَذَا شَبِيهٌ بِقِصَّةِ عُمَيْرِ بْنِ الْحُمَامِ الَّتِي تَقَدَّمَتْ فِي غَزْوَةِ بَدْرٍ ؓ وَأَرْضَاهُمَا.
Translation
✧ The intended point is that at Uḥud there occurred some of the things that occurred at Badr, among them: the onset of drowsiness at the moment of the engagement of battle, and this is a proof of the tranquility of the hearts through Allah's help and support and the completeness of their trust in their Creator and Maker. The discussion of His saying, Most High, regarding the expedition of Badr has already been given: “When He caused drowsiness to overcome you as a security from Him” [al-Anfāl: 11]. And He says here: “Then after distress He sent down upon you security—drowsiness overcoming a party of you” [Āl ʿImrān: 154], meaning the perfect believers, as Ibn Masʿūd and others among the Salaf said: “Drowsiness in war is from faith; drowsiness in prayer is from hypocrisy.” For this reason He says after this: “And a party were anxious about themselves” [Āl ʿImrān: 154]. Among that is that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sought victory on the day of Uḥud just as he sought victory on the day of Badr, saying: “If You will, You will not be worshiped on earth.” As Imām Aḥmad said with his chain of transmission, from Anas, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to say on the day of Uḥud: “O Allah, if You will, You will not be worshiped on earth.” Muslim also narrated it. Al-Bukhārī said with his chain of transmission from Jābir b. ʿAbd Allāh, who said: A man said to the Prophet ﷺ on the day of Uḥud: “If I am killed, where will I be?” He said: “In Paradise.” So he threw away some dates that were in his hand, then fought until he was killed. Muslim and al-Nasāʾī also narrated it. This resembles the story of ʿUmayr b. al-Ḥumām that was mentioned earlier in the expedition of Badr ؓ, ؓ.
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