Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1112
The Expedition of Uḥud
[ مَقْتَلُ أُبَيِّ بْنِ خَلَفٍ ] قَالَ ): فَلَمَّا أُسْنِدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي الشِّعْبِ أَدْرَكَهُ أُبَيُّ بْنُ خَلَفٍ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: أَيْ مُحَمَّدُ، لَا نَجَوْتُ إنْ نَجَوْتَ، فَقَالَ الْقَوْمُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، أَيَعْطِفُ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ مِنَّا ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ: دَعُوهُ، فَلَمَّا دَنَا، تَنَاوَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْحَرْبَةَ مِنْ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الصِّمَّةِ؛ يَقُولُ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ، فِيمَا ذُكِرَ لِي: فَلَمَّا أَخَذَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْهُ انْتَفَضَ بِهَا انْتِفَاضَةً، تَطَايَرْنَا عَنْهُ تَطَايُرَ الشَّعْرَاءِ عَنْ ظَهْرِ الْبَعِيرِ إذَا انْتَفَضَ بِهَا - قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: الشَّعْرَاءُ: ذُبَابٌ لَهُ لَدْغٌ - ثُمَّ اسْتَقْبَلَهُ فَطَعَنَهُ فِي عُنُقِهِ طَعْنَةً تَدَأْدَأَ مِنْهَا عَنْ فَرَسِهِ مِرَارًا. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: تَدَأْدَأَ، يَقُولُ: تَقَلَّبَ عَنْ فَرَسِهِ فَجَعَلَ يَتَدَحْرَجُ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَكَانَ أُبَيُّ بْنُ خَلَفٍ، كَمَا حَدَّثَنِي صَالِحُ بْنُ إبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ، يَلْقَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِمَكَّةَ، فَيَقُولُ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ إنَّ عِنْدِي الْعَوْذَ، فَرَسًا أَعْلِفُهُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ فَرَقًا مِنْ ذُرَةٍ، أَقْتُلُكَ عَلَيْهِ؛ فَيَقُولُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: بَلْ أَنَا أَقْتُلُكَ إنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ. فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ إلَى قُرَيْشٍ وَقَدْ خَدَشَهُ فِي عُنُقِهِ خَدْشًا غَيْرَ كَبِيرٍ، فَاحْتَقَنَ الدَّمُ، قَالَ: قَتَلَنِي وَاَللَّهِ مُحَمَّدٌ قَالُوا لَهُ: ذَهَبَ وَاَللَّهِ فُؤَادُكَ وَاَللَّهِ إنْ بِكَ مِنْ بَأْسٍ، قَالَ: إنَّهُ قَدْ كَانَ قَالَ لِي بِمَكَّةَ: أَنَا أَقْتُلُكَ، فَوَاَللَّهِ لَوْ بَصَقَ عَلَيَّ لَقَتَلَنِي. فَمَاتَ عَدُوُّ اللَّهِ سَرِفَ وَهُمْ قَافِلُونَ بِهِ إلَى مَكَّةَ. وقَالَ الْوَاقِدِيُّ: وَكَانَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ يَقُولُ: مَاتَ أُبَيُّ بْنُ خَلَفٍ بِبَطْنِ رَابِغٍ، فَإِنِّي لَأَسِيرُ بِبَطْنِ رَابِغٍ بَعْدَ هَوِيٍّ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ، فَإِذَا أَنَا بِنَارٍ تَأَجَّجُ، فَهِبْتُهَا، وَإِذَا رَجُلٌ يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا فِي سِلْسِلَةٍ يَجْتَذِبُهَا يُهَيِّجُهُ الْعَطَشُ، فَإِذَا رَجُلٌ يَقُولُ: لَا تَسْقِهِ ; فَإِنَّهُ قَتِيلُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ هَذَا أُبَيُّ بْنُ خَلَفٍ [ شِعْرُ حَسَّانَ فِي مَقْتَلِ أُبَيِّ بْنِ خَلَفٍ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَقَالَ حَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ فِي ذَلِكَ: لَقَدْ وَرِثَ الضَّلَالَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أُبَيٌّ يَوْمَ بَارَزَهُ الرَّسُولُ أَتَيْتَ إلَيْهِ تَحْمِلُ رِمَّ عَظْمٍ وَتُوعِدُهُ وَأَنْتَ بِهِ جَهُولُ وَقَدْ قَتَلَتْ بَنُو النَّجَّارِ مِنْكُمْ أُمَيَّةَ إذْ يُغَوَّثُ: يَا عَقِيلُ وَتَبَّ ابْنَا رَبِيعَةَ إذْ أَطَاعَا أَبَا جَهْلٍ، لِأُمِّهِمَا الْهَبُولُ وَأَفْلَتْ حَارِثٌ لَمَّا شَغَلْنَا بِأَسْرِ الْقَوْمِ، أُسْرَتُهُ فَلَيْلُ قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: أُسْرَتُهُ: قَبِيلَتُهُ. وَقَالَ حَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ أَيْضًا فِي ذَلِكَ: أَلَا مَنْ مُبْلِغٌ عَنِّي أُبَيَّا لَقَدْ أُلْقِيَتْ فِي سُحْقِ السَّعِيرِ تَمَنَّى بِالضَّلَالَةِ مِنْ بَعِيدٍ وَتُقْسِمُ أَنْ قَدَرْتُ مَعَ النُّذُورِ تَمَنِّيكَ الْأَمَانِيِّ مِنْ بَعِيدٍ وَقَوْلُ الْكُفْرِ يَرْجِعُ فِي غُرُورِ فَقَدْ لَاقَتْكَ طَعْنَةُ ذِي حِفَاظٍ كَرِيمِ الْبَيْتِ لَيْسَ بِذِي فُجُورِ لَهُ فَضْلٌ عَلَى الْأَحْيَاءِ طُرَّا إذَا نَابَتْ مُلِمَّاتُ الْأُمُورِ
Translation
✧ [The Slaying of Ubayy b. Khalaf] He said: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had taken position in the mountain pass, Ubayy b. Khalaf caught up with him, saying: “O Muhammad, may I not escape if you escape.” The people said: “O Messenger of Allah, shall one of us turn upon him?” The Messenger of Allah said: “Leave him.” When he drew near, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ took the spear from al-Ḥārith b. al-Ṣimmah; some of the people say, as it was mentioned to me: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ took it from him, he shook it with such a shake that we scattered away from him like the shuʿrāʾ flies scatter from a camel's back when it shakes them off. Ibn Hishām said: al-shuʿrāʾ is a stinging fly. Then he faced him and thrust him in the neck with a thrust that made him reel from his horse repeatedly. Ibn Hishām said: tadʾadaʾa means he toppled from his horse and began rolling over. Ibn Isḥāq said: Ubayy b. Khalaf, as Ṣāliḥ b. Ibrāhīm b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿAwf related to me, used to meet the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in Makkah and say: “O Muhammad, I have al-ʿAwdh, a horse which I feed every day a faraq of dhurah; I shall kill you on it.” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ would say: “Rather I shall kill you, if Allah wills.” When he returned to Quraysh with a scratch on his neck that was not large, and the blood welled up, he said: “By Allah, Muhammad has killed me.” They said to him: “By Allah, your heart has gone; by Allah, there is no harm in you.” He said: “He had told me in Makkah: 'I shall kill you.' By Allah, if he had spat on me, he would have killed me.” The enemy of Allah died at Sarif while they were returning with him to Makkah. Al-Wāqidī said: Ibn ʿUmar used to say: Ubayy b. Khalaf died at Baṭn Rābigh. “Indeed I was traveling at Baṭn Rābigh after a part of the night had passed when I saw a fire blazing; I was terrified of it. Then a man came out of it in a chain, dragging it, thirst agitating him. Then a man said: 'Do not give him water; for he is the one killed by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. This is Ubayy b. Khalaf.'” [Ḥassān's Poetry on the Slaying of Ubayy b. Khalaf] Ibn Isḥāq said: Ḥassān b. Thābit said concerning that: Ubayy inherited error from his father on the day the Messenger dueled him. You came to him carrying a decayed bone, threatening him while you were ignorant of him. The Banū al-Najjār killed among you Umayyah when he cried for help: “O ʿAqīl!” And the two sons of Rabīʿah perished when they obeyed Abū Jahl—for their mother, the bereft one. And Ḥārith escaped when we were occupied with taking the people captive; his clan is a small band. Ibn Hishām said: usratuhu means his tribe. Ḥassān b. Thābit also said concerning that: Will someone convey from me to Ubayy that you have been cast into the farthest reaches of the blaze? You wished from afar, in error, and you swear that you have power along with vows. Your wishing of wishes from afar, and the word of disbelief returns in delusion. The thrust of a protector met you, one of noble house, not one of vice. He has excellence over all the living when grave matters befall.
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