Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1104
The Expedition of Uḥud
[ وَحْشِيٌّ يُحَدِّثُ الضَّمْرِيَّ وَابْنَ الْخِيَارِ عَنْ قَتْلِهِ حَمْزَةَ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ عَبَّاسِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ أُمِّيَّةَ الضَّمْرِيَّ قَالَ: خُرِجْتُ أَنَا وَعُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَدِيِّ بْنِ الْخِيَارِ، أَخُو بَنِي نَوْفَلِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ، فِي زَمَانِ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، فَأَدْرَبْنَا مَعَ النَّاسِ، فَلَمَّا قَفَلْنَا مَرَرْنَا بِحِمْصَ - وَكَانَ وَحْشِيٌّ، مَوْلَى جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ، قَدْ سَكَنَهَا، وَأَقَامَ بِهَا - فَلَمَّا قَدِمْنَاهَا، قَالَ لِي عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ: هَلْ لَكَ فِي أَنْ نَأْتِيَ وَحْشِيًّا فَنَسْأَلَهُ عَنْ قَتْلِ حَمْزَةَ كَيْفَ قَتَلَهُ ؟ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ: إنْ شِئْتَ. فَخَرَجْنَا نَسْأَلُ عَنْهُ بِحِمْصَ، فَقَالَ لَنَا رَجُلٌ، وَنَحْنُ نَسْأَلُ عَنْهُ: إنَّكُمَا سَتَجِدَانِهِ بِفِنَاءِ دَارِهِ، وَهُوَ رَجُلٌ قَدْ غَلَبَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْخَمْرُ، فَإِنْ تَجِدَاهُ صَاحِيًا تَجِدَا رَجُلًا عَرَبِيًّا، وَتَجِدَا عِنْدَهُ بَعْضَ مَا تُرِيدَانِ، وَتُصِيبَا عِنْدَهُ مَا شِئْتُمَا مِنْ حَدِيثٍ تَسْأَلَانِهِ عَنْهُ، وَإِنْ تَجِدَاهُ وَبَهْ بَعْضُ مَا يَكُونُ بِهِ، فَانْصَرَفَا عَنْهُ وَدَعَاهُ، قَالَ: فَخَرَجْنَا نَمْشِي حَتَّى جِئْنَاهُ، فَإِذَا هُوَ بِفِنَاءِ دَارِهِ عَلَى طَنْفَسَةٍ لَهُ، فَإِذَا شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ مِثْلُ الْبُغَاثِ. - قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: الْبُغَاثُ: ضَرْبٌ مِنْ الطَّيْرِ إلَى السَّوَادِ - فَإِذَا هُوَ صَاحٍ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ. قَالَ: فَلَمَّا انْتَهَيْنَا إلَيْهِ سَلَّمْنَا عَلَيْهِ، فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ إلَى عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَدِيٍّ، فَقَالَ: ابْنٌ لِعَدِيِّ بْنِ الْخِيَارِ أَنْتَ ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ؛ قَالَ: أَمَا وَاَللَّهِ مَا رَأَيْتُكَ مُنْذُ نَاوَلْتُكَ أُمَّكَ السَّعْدِيَّةَ الَّتِي أَرْضَعَتْكَ بِذِي طُوًى، فَإِنِّي نَاوَلْتُكهَا وَهِيَ عَلَى بَعِيرِهَا، فَأَخَذَتْكَ بِعُرْضَيْكَ، فَلَمَعَتْ لِي قَدَمَاكَ حِينَ رَفَعْتُكَ إلَيْهَا، فَوَاَللَّهِ مَا هُوَ إلَّا أَنْ وَقَفْتَ عَلَيَّ فَعَرَفْتُهُمَا. قَالَ: فَجَلَسْنَا إلَيْهِ، فَقُلْنَا لَهُ: جِئْنَاكَ لِتُحَدِّثَنَا عَنْ قَتْلِكَ حَمْزَةَ، كَيْفَ قَتَلْتَهُ ؟ فَقَالَ: أَمَا إنِّي سَأُحَدِّثُكُمَا كَمَا حَدَّثْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ حِينَ سَأَلَنِي عَنْ ذَلِكَ، كُنْتُ غُلَامًا لِجُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ، وَكَانَ عَمُّهُ طُعَيْمَةَ بْنَ عَدِيٍّ قَدْ أُصِيبَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ؛ فَلَمَّا سَارَتْ قُرَيْشٌ إلَى أُحُدٍ، قَالَ لِي جُبَيْرٌ: إنْ قَتَلْتَ حَمْزَةَ عَمَّ مُحَمَّدٍ بِعَمِّي فَأَنْتَ عَتِيقٌ قَالَ: فَخَرَجْتُ مَعَ النَّاسِ، وَكُنْتُ رَجُلًا حَبَشِيًّا أَقْذِفُ بِالْحَرْبَةِ قَذْفَ الْحَبَشَةِ، قَلَّمَا أُخْطِئُ بِهَا شَيْئًا؛ فَلَمَّا الْتَقَى النَّاسُ خَرَجْتُ أَنْظُرُ حَمْزَةَ وَأَتَبَصَّرُهُ، حَتَّى رَأَيْتُهُ فِي عُرْضِ النَّاسِ مِثْلَ الْجَمْلِ الْأَوْرَقِ، يَهُدُّ النَّاسَ بِسَيْفِهِ هَدًّا، مَا يَقُومُ لَهُ شَيْءٌ، فَوَاَللَّهِ إنِّي لَأَتَهَيَّأُ لَهُ، أُرِيدُهُ وَأَسْتَتِرُ مِنْهُ بِشَجَرَةِ أَوْ حَجَرٍ لِيَدْنُوَ مِنِّي إذْ تَقَدَّمَنِي إلَيْهِ سِبَاعُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى، فَلَمَّا رَآهُ حَمْزَةُ قَالَ لَهُ: هَلُمَّ إلَيَّ يَا ابْنَ مُقَطِّعَةِ الْبُظُورِ. قَالَ: فَضَرَبَهُ ضَرْبَةً كَأَنَّ مَا أَخَطَأَ رَأْسَهُ. قَالَ: وَهَزَّزَتْ حَرْبَتِي، حَتَّى إذَا رَضِيتُ مِنْهَا، دَفَعْتُهَا عَلَيْهِ، فَوَقَعَتْ فِي ثُنَّتِهِ، حَتَّى خَرَجَتْ مِنْ بَيْنَ رِجْلَيْهِ، وَذَهَبَ لِيَنُوءَ نَحْوِي، فَغُلِبَ، وَتَرَكْتُهُ وَإِيَّاهَا حَتَّى مَاتَ، ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُهُ فَأَخَذْتُ حَرْبَتِي، ثُمَّ رَجَعْتُ إلَى الْعَسْكَرِ، فَقَعَدْتُ فِيهِ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لِي بِغَيْرِهِ حَاجَةٌ، وَإِنَّمَا قَتَلْتُهُ لِأُعْتَقَ. فَلَمَّا قَدِمْتُ مَكَّةَ أُعْتِقْتُ، ثُمَّ أَقَمْتُ حَتَّى إذَا افْتَتَحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَكَّةَ هَرَبْتُ إلَى الطَّائِفِ، فَمَكَثْتُ بِهَا، فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ وَفْدُ الطَّائِفِ إلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِيُسْلِمُوا تَعَيَّتْ عَلَيَّ الْمَذَاهِبُ، فَقُلْتُ: أَلْحَقُ بِالشَّأْمِ، أَوْ الْيَمَنِ، أَوْ بِبَعْضِ الْبِلَادِ؛ فَوَاَللَّهِ إنِّي لَفِي ذَلِكَ مِنْ هَمِّي، إذْ قَالَ لِي رَجُلٌ: وَيْحَكَ إنَّهُ وَاَللَّهِ مَا يَقْتُلُ أَحَدًا مِنْ النَّاسِ دَخَلَ فِي دِينِهِ، وَتَشَهَّدَ شَهَادَتَهُ. [ وَحْشِيٌّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ الرَّسُولِ يُسْلِمُ ] فَلَمَّا قَالَ لِي ذَلِكَ، خَرَجْتُ حَتَّى قَدِمْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ، فَلَمْ يَرُعْهُ إلَّا بِي قَائِمًا عَلَى رَأْسِهِ أَتَشَهَّدُ بِشَهَادَةِ الْحَقِّ؛ فَلَمَّا رَآنِي قَالَ: أَوَحْشِيٌّ ؟ قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ. قَالَ: اُقْعُدْ فَحَدِّثْنِي كَيْفَ قَتَلْتَ حَمْزَةَ قَالَ: فَحَدَّثْتُهُ كَمَا حَدَّثْتُكُمَا، فَلَمَّا فَرَغْتُ مِنْ حَدِيثِي قَالَ: وَيْحَكَ غَيِّبْ عَنِّي وَجْهَكَ، فَلَا أُرَيَنَّكَ. قَالَ: فَكُنْتُ أَتَنَكَّبُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَيْثُ كَانَ لِئَلَّا يَرَانِي، حَتَّى قَبَضَهُ اللَّهُ ﷺ َوَرَوَى الطَّبَرَانِيُّ بِسَنَدٍ حَسَنٍ عَنْ وَحْشِيٍّ: قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ: «يَا وَحْشِيُّ »، قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: «قَتَلْتَ حَمْزَةَ ؟ » فَقُلْتُ: نَعَمْ، وَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَكْرَمَهُ بِيَدِي وَلَمْ يُهِنِّي بِيَدِهِ، فَقَالَتْ لَهُ قُرَيْشٌ: أَتُحِبُّهُ وَهُوَ قَاتِلُ حَمْزَةَ ؟ ! فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ اسْتَغْفِرْ لِي، فَتَفَلَ فِي الْأَرْضِ ثَلَاثَةً، وَدَفَعَ فِي صَدْرِي ثَلَاثَةً، وَقَالَ: «يَا وَحْشِيُّ، اخْرُجْ فَقَاتِلْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ كَمَا قَاتَلْتَ لِتَصُدَّ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ». [ قَتْلُ وَحْشِيٍّ لَمُسَيْلِمَةَ ] فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ إلَى مُسَيْلِمَةَ الْكَذَّابِ صَاحِبِ الْيَمَامَةِ خَرَجْتُ مَعَهُمْ، وَأَخَذْتُ حَرْبَتِي الَّتِي قَتَلْتُ بِهَا حَمْزَةَ، فَلَمَّا الْتَقَى النَّاسُ رَأَيْتُ مُسَيْلِمَةَ الْكَذَّابَ قَائِمًا فِي يَدِهِ السَّيْفَ، وَمَا أَعْرِفُهُ، فَتَهَيَّأْتُ لَهُ، وَتَهَيَّأَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ الْأَنْصَارِ مِنْ النَّاحِيَةِ الْأُخْرَى، كِلَانَا يُرِيدُهُ، فَهَزَزْتُ حَرْبَتِي حَتَّى إذَا رَضِيتُ مِنْهَا دَفَعْتُهَا عَلَيْهِ، فَوَقَعَتْ فِيهِ، وَشَدَّ عَلَيْهِ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ فَضَرَبَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ، فَرَبُّكَ أَعْلَمُ أَيُّنَا قَتَلَهُ، فَإِنْ كُنْتُ قَتَلْتَهُ، فَقَدْ قَتَلْتُ خَيْرَ النَّاسِ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَقَدْ قَتَلْتُ شَرَّ النَّاسِ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، وَكَانَ قَدْ شَهِدَ الْيَمَامَةَ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ يَوْمئِذٍ صَارِخًا يَقُولُ: قَتَلَهُ الْعَبْدُ الْأَسْوَدُ. عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ: وَقَدْ قَتَلَ اللَّهُ بِيَدِ حَمْزَةَ مِنَ الْكُفَّارِ أَحَدًا وَثَلَاثِينَ، وَكَانَ يُدْعَى أَسَدَ اللَّهِ قُلْتُ -أبو الفداء ابن كثير -: الْأَنْصَارِيُّ -الذي شارك وحشي في قتل مسيلمة الكذاب- هُوَ أَبُو دُجَانَةَ سِمَاكُ بْنُ خَرَشَةَ كَمَا سَيَأْتِي فِي مَقْتَلِ أَهْلِ الْيَمَامَةَ، وَقَالَ الْوَاقِدِيُّ فِي الرِّدَّةِ: هُوَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَاصِمٍ الْمَازِنِيِّ وَقَالَ سَيْفُ بْنُ عُمَرَ: هُوَ عَدِيُّ بْنُ سَهْلٍ وَهُوَ الْقَائِلُ: أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنِّي وَوَحْشِيَّهُمْ قَتَلْتُ مُسَيْلِمَةَ الْمُفْتَتَنْ وَيَسْأَلُنِي النَّاسُ عَنْ قَتْلِهِ فَقُلْتُ ضَرَبْتُ وَهَذَا طَعَنْ وَالْمَشْهُورُ أَنَّ وَحْشِيًّا هُوَ الَّذِي بَدَرَهُ بِالضَّرْبَةِ، وَذَفَّفَ عَلَيْهِ أَبُو دُجَانَةَ
Translation
✧ [Waḥshī narrates to al-Ḍamrī and Ibn al-Khiyār about his killing of Ḥamza] Ibn Isḥāq said: ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Faḍl b. ʿAbbās b. Rabīʿa b. al-Ḥārith narrated to me, from Sulaymān b. Yasār, from Jaʿfar b. ʿAmr b. Umayya al-Ḍamrī, who said: I went out with ʿUbayd Allāh b. ʿAdī b. al-Khiyār, brother of Banū Nawfal b. ʿAbd Manāf, in the time of Muʿāwiya b. Abī Sufyān, and we took part in a raid with the people. When we returned, we passed by Ḥimṣ—and Waḥshī, the freedman of Jubayr b. Muṭʿim, had settled there and taken up residence in it. When we arrived there, ʿUbayd Allāh b. ʿAdī said to me: Would you like us to go to Waḥshī and ask him about his killing of Ḥamza, how he killed him? He said: I said to him: If you wish. So we went out asking about him in Ḥimṣ. A man said to us, while we were asking about him: You will find him in the courtyard of his house. He is a man overcome by wine. If you find him sober, you will find an Arab man, and you will find with him some of what you want, and you will obtain from him whatever you wish of the account you ask him about. But if you find him with some of what afflicts him, then turn away from him and leave him. He said: So we went out walking until we came to him. There he was in the courtyard of his house on a rug of his, an old man like a bughāth. Ibn Hishām said: Al-bughāth is a kind of bird tending toward blackness. And there he was, sober and fine. He said: When we reached him, we greeted him. He raised his head toward ʿUbayd Allāh b. ʿAdī and said: Are you a son of ʿAdī b. al-Khiyār? He said: Yes. He said: By God, I have not seen you since I handed you to your mother al-Saʿdiyya, who nursed you, at Dhū Ṭuwā. I handed you to her while she was on her camel, and she took you by your sides, and your feet gleamed before me when I lifted you to her. By God, it was only that you stood before me, and I recognized them. He said: We sat with him and said to him: We have come to you so that you may narrate to us about your killing of Ḥamza, how you killed him. He said: Indeed, I shall narrate to you both as I narrated to the Messenger of God ﷺ when he asked me about that. I was a slave of Jubayr b. Muṭʿim, and his uncle Ṭuʿayma b. ʿAdī had been killed on the day of Badr. When Quraysh marched to Uḥud, Jubayr said to me: If you kill Ḥamza, the uncle of Muḥammad, in revenge for my uncle, then you are free. He said: So I went out with the people. I was an Abyssinian man who hurls the spear as the Abyssinians hurl; seldom did I miss anything with it. When the people met, I went out looking for Ḥamza and scanning for him, until I saw him amid the ranks of the people like a gray camel, felling men with his sword utterly; nothing stood against him. By God, while I was preparing for him, seeking him and concealing myself from him behind a tree or a rock so that he might come near me, Sibāʿ b. ʿAbd al-ʿUzzā went ahead of me toward him. When Ḥamza saw him, he said to him: Come to me, O son of the cutter of clitorises. He said: And he struck him a blow as if he had missed his head. He said: I brandished my spear, until I was satisfied with it, then I thrust it at him. It struck him in his lower belly and came out between his legs. He tried to rise toward me, but was overcome. I left him and it until he died. Then I went to him and took my spear. Then I returned to the camp and sat in it, having no need of anything else; I had killed him only in order to be freed. When I arrived in Makkah, I was set free. Then I remained until when the Messenger of God ﷺ conquered Makkah, I fled to al-Ṭāʾif and stayed there. When the delegation of al-Ṭāʾif went out to the Messenger of God ﷺ to become Muslims, the paths became closed to me. I said: Should I join Syria, or Yemen, or some other land? By God, while I was in that anxiety, a man said to me: Woe to you! By God, he does not kill anyone of the people who enters his religion and bears witness to his testimony of faith. [Waḥshī before the Messenger, embracing Islam] When he said that to me, I went out until I came to the Messenger of God ﷺ in al-Madīnah. Nothing startled him except me standing at his head, bearing witness with the testimony of truth. When he saw me, he said: Is it Waḥshī? I said: Yes, O Messenger of God. He said: Sit and narrate to me how you killed Ḥamza. He said: I narrated to him as I have narrated to you both. When I finished my account, he said: Woe to you, conceal your face from me, so that I never see you. He said: Thereafter I would avoid the Messenger of God ﷺ wherever he was, so that he would not see me, until God took him ﷺ. Al-Ṭabarānī narrated with a good chain of transmission from Waḥshī: He said: I came to the Messenger of God ﷺ, and he said: “O Waḥshī.” I said: Yes. He said: “Did you kill Ḥamza?” I said: Yes, and praise be to God who honored him by my hand and did not humiliate me by his hand. Quraysh said to him: Do you love him while he is the killer of Ḥamza?! I said: O Messenger of God, ask forgiveness for me. He spat on the ground three times and pushed my chest three times and said: “O Waḥshī, go out and fight in the way of God as you fought to obstruct the way of God.” [The killing of Musaylima by Waḥshī] When the Muslims went out against Musaylima the liar, the man of al-Yamāma, I went out with them and took my spear with which I had killed Ḥamza. When the people met, I saw Musaylima the liar standing with a sword in his hand, and I did not recognize him. I prepared for him, and a man from the Anṣār from the other side prepared for him; both of us wanted him. I brandished my spear until I was satisfied with it, then I thrust it at him. It struck him, and the Anṣārī charged him and struck him with the sword. Your Lord knows best which of us killed him. If I killed him, then I have killed the best of people after the Messenger of God ﷺ, and I have also killed the worst of people. Ibn Isḥāq said: ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Faḍl narrated to me, from Sulaymān b. Yasār, from ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb, who had witnessed al-Yamāma. He said: I heard a crier on that day saying: The black slave killed him. From ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Sāʾib: God had killed by the hand of Ḥamza one and thirty of the disbelievers, and he was called the Lion of God. I—Abū al-Fidāʾ Ibn Kathīr—say: The Anṣārī who shared with Waḥshī in killing Musaylima the liar is Abū Dujāna Simāk b. Kharasha, as will come in the account of the killing of the people of al-Yamāma. Al-Wāqidī said in (the book of) al-Ridda: He was ʿAbd Allāh b. Zayd b. ʿĀṣim al-Māzinī. Sayf b. ʿUmar said: He was ʿAdī b. Sahl, and he is the one who said: Did you not see that I and their Waḥshī killed Musaylima, the seduced one? People ask me about his killing, so I said: I struck, and this one thrust. The well-known account is that Waḥshī was the one who struck him first, and Abū Dujāna finished him off.
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