Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1103
The Expedition of Uḥud
جَاءَ رَجُلٌ حَجَّ الْبَيْتَ فَرَأَى قَوْمًا جُلُوسًا، فَقَالَ: مَنْ هَؤُلَاءِ الْقُعُودُ ؟ قَالُوا: هَؤُلَاءِ قُرَيْشٌ. قَالَ: مَنِ الشَّيْخُ ؟ قَالُوا: ابْنُ عُمَرَ. فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ: إِنِّي سَائِلُكَ عَنْ شَيْءٍ أَتُحَدِّثُنِي ؟ قَالَ: أَنْشُدُكَ بِحُرْمَةِ هَذَا الْبَيْتِ، أَتَعْلَمُ أَنَّ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ فَرَّ يَوْمَ أُحِدٍ ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: فَتَعْلَمُهُ تَغِّيبَ عَنْ بِدْرٍ فَلَمْ يَشْهَدْهَا ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: فَتَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ تَخَلَّفَ عَنْ بَيْعَةِ الرِّضْوَانِ فَلَمْ يَشْهَدْهَا ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: فَكَبَّرَ. قَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ: تَعَالَ، لِأُخْبِرَكَ وَلِأُبَيِّنَ لَكَ عَمَّا سَأَلْتَنِي عَنْهُ ; أَمَّا فِرَارُهُ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ فَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَفَا عَنْهُ، وَأَمَّا تَغَيُّبُهُ عَنْ بَدْرٍ ; فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ تَحْتَهُ بِنْتُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَكَانَتْ مَرِيضَةٌ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: إِنَّ لَكَ أَجْرَ رَجُلٍ مِمَّنْ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا وَسَهْمَهُ، وَأَمَّا تَغَيُّبُهُ عَنْ بَيْعَةِ الرِّضْوَانِ ; فَإِنَّهُ لَوْ كَانَ أَحَدٌ أَعَزَّ بِبَطْنِ مَكَّةَ مِنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ لَبَعَثَهُ مَكَانَهُ، فَبَعَثَ عُثْمَانَ وَكَانَتْ بَيْعَةُ الرِّضْوَانِ بَعْدَ مَا ذَهَبَ عُثْمَانُ إِلَى مَكَّةَ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِيَدِهِ الْيُمْنَى: هَذِهِ يَدُ عُثْمَانَ فَضَرَبَ بِهَا عَلَى يَدِهِ، فَقَالَ هَذِهِ لِعُثْمَانَ اذْهَبْ بِهَذَا الْآنَ مَعَكَ وَقَالَ الْأُمَوِيُّ فِي " مَغَازِيهِ " عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبَّادٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: أَوْجَبَ طَلْحَةُ. حِينَ صَنَعَ مَا صَنَعَ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَقَدْ كَانَ النَّاسُ انْهَزَمُوا عَنْهُ حَتَّى بَلَغَ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى الْمُنَقَّى دُونَ الْأَعْوَصِ وَفَرَّ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ، وَسَعْدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ، وَعُقْبَةُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ - رَجُلَانِ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ - حَتَّى بَلَغُوا الْجَلَعْبَ ; جَبَلٌ بِنَاحِيَةِ الْمَدِينَةِ مِمَّا يَلِي الْأَعْوَصِ فَأَقَامُوا ثَلَاثًا ثُمَّ رَجَعُوا، فَزَعَمُوا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَهُمْ: لَقَدْ ذَهَبْتُمْ فِيهَا عَرِيضَةً.
Translation
✧ A man came to perform the pilgrimage to the House and saw some people sitting. He said, “Who are these seated people?” They said, “These are Quraysh.” He said, “Who is the old man?” They said, “Ibn ʿUmar.” So he went to him and said, “I am going to ask you about something; will you tell me?” He said, “I adjure you by the sanctity of this House, do you know that ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān fled on the day of Uḥud?” He said, “Yes.” He said, “Do you know that he was absent from Badr and did not witness it?” He said, “Yes.” He said, “Do you know that he stayed behind from the Pledge of al-Riḍwān and did not witness it?” He said, “Yes.” He said, “Then he said Allāhu akbar.” Ibn ʿUmar said, “Come, let me inform you and clarify for you what you asked me about. As for his flight on the day of Uḥud, I bear witness that Allah pardoned him. As for his absence from Badr, it was because under him was the daughter of the Prophet ﷺ, and she was ill. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him, ‘You have the reward of a man who witnessed Badr and his share.’ As for his absence from the Pledge of al-Riḍwān, had there been anyone more honored in the heart of Makkah than ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān, he would have sent him in his place. So he sent ʿUthmān, and the Pledge of al-Riḍwān was after ʿUthmān had gone to Makkah. The Prophet ﷺ said with his right hand, ‘This is the hand of ʿUthmān,’ and he struck it upon his own hand, and said, ‘This is for ʿUthmān. Go now with this with you.’ Al-Umawī said in his Maghāzī, on the authority of Ibn Isḥāq: Yaḥyā b. ʿAbbād narrated to me, from his father, from his grandfather: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, “Ṭalḥah has made it obligatory,” when he did what he did for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. The people had fled from him until some of them reached al-Munaqqā before al-Aʿwaṣ. ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān fled, and Saʿd b. ʿUthmān and ʿUqbah b. ʿUthmān—two men from the Anṣār—fled until they reached al-Jalaʿb, a mountain on the side of Madinah facing al-Aʿwaṣ. They stayed for three days, then returned. They claimed that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to them, “You have gone far and wide in it.”
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