Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1073
The Expedition of Uḥud
[ أَمْرُ أَبِي دُجَانَةَ ] وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: مَنْ يَأْخُذُ هَذَا السَّيْفَ بِحَقِّهِ ؟ فَقَامَ إلَيْهِ رِجَالٌ، فَأَمْسَكَهُ عَنْهُمْ؛ حَتَّى قَامَ إلَيْهِ أَبُو دُجَانَةَ سِمَاكُ بْنُ خَرَشَةَ، أَخُو بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ، فَقَالَ: وَمَا حَقُّهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ؟ قَالَ: أَنْ تضْرَبَ بِهِ الْعَدُوَّ حَتَّى يَنْحَنِيَ، قَالَ: أَنَا آخُذُهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ بِحَقِّهِ، فَأَعْطَاهُ إيَّاهُ وَكَانَ أَبُو دُجَانَةَ رَجُلًا شُجَاعًا يَخْتَالُ عِنْدَ الْحَرْبِ، إذَا كَانَتْ، وَكَانَ إذَا أَعُلِمَ بِعِصَابَةِ لَهُ حَمْرَاءَ، فَاعْتَصَبَ بِهَا عَلِمَ النَّاسُ أَنَّهُ سَيُقَاتِلُ؛ فَلَمَّا أَخَذَ السَّيْفَ مِنْ يَدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَخْرَجَ عِصَابَتَهُ تِلْكَ، فَعَصَبَ بِهَا رَأْسَهُ، وَجَعَلَ يَتَبَخْتَرُ بَيْنَ الصَّفَّيْنِ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَحَدَّثَنِي جَعْفَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ، مَوْلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ الْأَنْصَارِ مِنْ بَنِي سَلِمَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، حِينَ رَأَى أَبَا دُجَانَةَ يَتَبَخْتَرُ: إنَّهَا لَمِشْيَةٌ يُبْغِضُهَا اللَّهُ، إلَّا فِي مِثْلِ هَذَا الْمَوْطِنِ. [ تَمَامُ قِصَّةِ أَبِي دُجَانَةَ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَاقْتَتَلَ النَّاسُ حَتَّى حَمِيَتْ الْحَرْبُ، وَقَاتَلَ أَبُو دُجَانَةَ حَتَّى أَمْعَنَ فِي النَّاسِ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: حَدَّثَنِي غَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ، مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ، أَنَّ الزُّبَيْرَ بْنَ الْعَوَّامِ قَالَ: وَجِدْتُ فِي نَفْسِي حِينَ سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ السَّيْفَ فَمَنَعْنِيهِ وَأَعْطَاهُ أَبَا دُجَانَةَ، وَقُلْتُ: أَنَا ابْنُ صَفِيَّةَ عَمَّتَهِ، وَمِنْ قُرَيْشٍ، وَقَدْ قُمْتُ إلَيْهِ فَسَأَلْتُهُ إيَّاهُ قَبْلَهُ، فَأَعْطَاهُ إيَّاهُ وَتَرَكَنِي، وَاَللَّهِ لَأَنْظُرَنَّ مَا يَصْنَعُ؛ فَاتَّبَعَتْهُ، فَأَخْرَجَ عِصَابَةً لَهُ حَمْرَاءَ، فَعَصَبَ بِهَا رَأْسَهُ، فَقَالَتْ الْأَنْصَارُ: أَخْرِجْ أَبُو دُجَانَةَ عِصَابَةَ الْمَوْتِ، وَهَكَذَا كَانَتْ تَقُولُ لَهُ إذَا تَعَصَّبَ بِهَا فَخَرَجَ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: أَنَا الَّذِي عَاهَدَنِي خَلِيلِي وَنَحْنُ بِالسَّفْحِ لَدَى النَّخِيلِ أَلَّا أَقَوْمَ الدَّهْرَ فِي الْكَيُّولِ أَضْرِبُ بِسَيْفِ اللَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَيُرْوَى فِي الْكُبُولِ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَجَعَلَ لَا يَلْقَى أَحَدًا إلَّا قَتَلَهُ. وَكَانَ فِي الْمُشْرِكِينَ رَجُلٌ لَا يَدَعُ لَنَا جَرِيحًا إلَّا ذَفَّفَ عَلَيْهِ، فَجَعَلَ كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا يَدْنُو مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ. فَدَعَوْتُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَجْمَعَ بَيْنَهُمَا، فَالْتَقَيَا، فَاخْتَلَفَا ضَرْبَتَيْنِ، فَضَرَبَ الْمُشْرِكُ أَبَا دُجَانَةَ، فَاتَّقَاهُ بِدَرَقَتِهِ، فَعَضَّتْ بِسَيْفِهِ، وَضَرَبَهُ أَبُو دُجَانَةَ فَقَتَلَهُ ثُمَّ رَأَيْتُهُ قَدْ حَمَلَ السَّيْفَ عَلَى مَفْرِقِ رَأْسِ هِنْدِ بِنْتِ عُتْبَةَ، ثُمَّ عَدَلَ السَّيْفَ عَنْهَا. قَالَ الزَّبِيرُ فَقُلْتُ: اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَقَالَ أَبُو دُجَانَةَ سِمَاكُ بْنُ خَرَشَةَ: رَأَيْتُ إنْسَانًا يَخْمُشُ النَّاسَ خَمْشًا شَدِيدًا، فَصَمَدْتُ لَهُ، فَلَمَّا حَمَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ السَّيْفَ وَلْوَلَ فَإِذَا امْرَأَةٌ، فَأَكْرَمْتُ سَيْفَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ أَضْرِبَ بِهِ امْرَأَةً. وَذَكَرَ مُوسَى بْنُ عُقْبَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَمَّا عَرَضَهُ، طَلَبَهُ مِنْهُ عُمَرُ فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ، ثُمَّ طَلَبَهُ مِنْهُ الزُّبَيْرُ فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ، فَوَجَدَا فِي أَنْفُسِهِمَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ عَرَضَهُ الثَّالِثَةَ، فَطَلَبَهُ أَبُو دُجَانَةَ فَدَفَعَهُ إِلَيْهِ، فَأَعْطَى السَّيْفَ حَقَّهُ. قَالَ: فَزَعَمُوا أَنَّ كَعْبَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: كُنْتُ فِيمَنْ جُرِحَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُ مَثْلَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ بِقَتْلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ قُمْتُ فَتَجَاوَزْتُ، فَإِذَا رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ جِمْعُ اللَّأْمَةِ يَحُوزُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: اسْتَوْسِقُوا كَمَا اسْتَوْسَقَتْ جَزَرُ الْغَنَمِ. قَالَ: وَإِذَا رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يَنْتَظِرُهُ وَعَلَيْهِ لَأْمَتُهُ، فَمَضَيْتُ حَتَّى كُنْتُ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ، ثُمَّ قُمْتُ أَقْدُرُ الْمُسْلِمَ وَالْكَافِرَ بِبَصَرِي، فَإِذَا الْكَافِرُ أَفْضَلُهُمَا عُدَّةً وَهَيْئَةً. قَالَ: فَلَمْ أَزَلْ أَنْتَظِرُهُمَا حَتَّى الْتَقَيَا، فَضَرَبَ الْمُسْلِمُ الْكَافِرَ عَلَى حَبْلِ عَاتِقِهِ ضَرْبَةً بِالسَّيْفِ فَبَلَغَتْ وَرِكَهُ، وَتَفَرَّقَ فِرْقَتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ كَشَفَ الْمُسْلِمُ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ وَقَالَ: كَيْفَ تَرَى يَا كَعْبُ ؟ أَنَا أَبُو دُجَانَةَ.
Translation
✧ [ The affair of Abū Dujānah ] The Messenger of God ﷺ said: “Who will take this sword with its right?” Men rose to him, but he withheld it from them, until Abū Dujānah Simāk b. Kharashah, the brother of the Banū Sāʿidah, rose to him and said: “And what is its right, O Messenger of God?” He said: “That you strike the enemy with it until it bends.” He said: “I will take it, O Messenger of God, with its right.” So he gave it to him. Abū Dujānah was a brave man who would strut at war when it occurred. When he was marked by a red band of his and he bound his head with it, the people knew that he was about to fight. When he took the sword from the hand of the Messenger of God ﷺ, he took out that band of his and bound his head with it, and began to swagger between the two ranks. Ibn Isḥāq said: Jaʿfar b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Aslam, the client of ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb, related to me from a man of the Anṣār from the Banū Salimah, who said: The Messenger of God ﷺ said, when he saw Abū Dujānah swaggering: “It is indeed a gait that God hates, except in a place like this.” [The completion of the story of Abū Dujānah] Ibn Isḥāq said: The people fought until the battle grew intense, and Abū Dujānah fought until he penetrated deep into the people. Ibn Hishām said: More than one of the people of knowledge related to me that al-Zubayr b. al-ʿAwwām said: I found within myself when I asked the Messenger of God ﷺ for the sword and he denied it to me and gave it to Abū Dujānah. I said: “I am the son of Ṣafiyyah, his paternal aunt, and from Quraysh, and I had risen to him and asked him for it before him, and he gave it to him and left me. By God, I will surely watch what he does.” So I followed him. He took out a red band of his and bound his head with it. The Anṣār said: “Abū Dujānah has brought out the band of death.” Thus they used to say to him when he bound his head with it. Then he went out, saying: I am the one my intimate friend made a pact with, while we were at the foot of the mountain among the palm trees: That I would not stand forever in the rear, I strike with the sword of God and the Messenger. Ibn Hishām said: And it is also narrated “in fetters.” Ibn Isḥāq said: He did not meet anyone but he killed him. Among the polytheists there was a man who would not leave any of our wounded without finishing him off. Each of the two began to draw near to his companion. I prayed to God that He would bring them together. They met, and exchanged two blows. The polytheist struck Abū Dujānah, but he shielded himself with his leather shield, and it bit into his sword. Abū Dujānah struck him and killed him. Then I saw him raise the sword over the crown of the head of Hind bt. ʿUtbah, then he turned the sword away from her. Al-Zubayr said: I said: “God and His Messenger know best.” Ibn Isḥāq said: Abū Dujānah Simāk b. Kharashah said: I saw a person slashing the people with a violent slashing, so I aimed for him. When I raised the sword against him, he shrieked, and behold, it was a woman. So I honored the sword of the Messenger of God ﷺ too much to strike a woman with it. Mūsā b. ʿUqbah mentioned that when the Messenger of God ﷺ presented it, ʿUmar sought it from him and he turned away from him. Then al-Zubayr sought it from him and he turned away from him. They found within themselves on account of that. Then he presented it a third time, and Abū Dujānah sought it, and he handed it to him, and he gave the sword its right. He said: They claimed that Kaʿb b. Mālik said: I was among those of the Muslims who were wounded. When I saw the polytheists doing what they did to the slain Muslims, I rose and crossed over. There was a man of the polytheists, fully armed, herding the Muslims and saying: “Gather as the slaughtered sheep gather.” He said: And there was a man of the Muslims awaiting him, wearing his armor. I went on until I was behind him, then I stood estimating the Muslim and the infidel with my sight, and behold, the infidel was superior to the two in equipment and appearance. He said: I did not cease waiting for them until they met. The Muslim struck the infidel on the tendon of his shoulder with a blow of the sword that reached his hip, and he split into two pieces. Then the Muslim uncovered his face and said: “How do you see, O Kaʿb? I am Abū Dujānah.”
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