al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8543
✧ al-Fitna and al-Malahim > The Hadith of Abu Awanah
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أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُوسَى الْعَدْلُ ثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَيُّوبَ ثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ اللَّاحِقِيُّ وَمُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ قَالَا ثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ أَنْبَأَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي نَضْرَةَ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ قَالَ
صَلَّى بِنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ صَلَاةَ الْعَصْرِ ثُمَّ قَامَ خَطِيبًا بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ إِلَى مَغْرِبَانِ الشَّمْسِ حَفِظَهَا مَنْ حَفِظَهَا وَنَسِيَهَا مَنْ نَسِيَهَا وَأَخْبَرَ فِيهَا بِمَا هُوَ كَائِنٌ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ «أَمَا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّ الدُّنْيَا حُلْوَةٌ خَضِرَةٌ وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى مُسْتَخْلِفُكُمْ فِيهَا فَنَاظِرٌ كَيْفَ تَعْمَلُونَ أَلَا فَاتَّقُوا الدُّنْيَا وَاتَّقُوا النِّسَاءَ أَلَا إِنَّ بَنِي آدَمَ خُلِقُوا عَلَى طَبَقَاتٍ شَتَّى فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يُولَدُ مُؤْمِنًا وَيَحْيَى مُؤْمِنًا وَيَمُوتُ مُؤْمِنًا وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يُولَدُ كَافِرًا وَيَحْيَى كَافِرًا وَيَمُوتُ كَافِرًا وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يُولَدُ مُؤْمِنًا وَيَحْيَى مُؤْمِنًا وَيَمُوتُ كَافِرًا وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يُولَدُ كَافِرًا وَيَحْيَى كَافِرًا وَيَمُوتُ مُؤْمِنًا أَلَا إِنَّ الْغَضَبَ جَمْرَةٌ تُوقَدُ فِي جَوْفِ ابْنِ آدَمَ أَلَمْ تَرَوْا إِلَى حُمْرَةِ عَيْنَيْهِ وَانْتِفَاخِ أَوْدَاجِهِ فَإِذَا وَجَدَ أَحَدُكُمْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا فَلْيَلْزِقْ بِالْأَرْضِ أَلَا إِنَّ خَيْرَ الرِّجَالِ مَنْ كَانَ بَطِيءَ الْغَضَبِ سَرِيعَ الْفَيْءِ وَشَرَّ الرِّجَالِ مَنْ كَانَ سَرِيعَ الْغَضَبِ بَطِيءَ الْفَيْءِ فَإِذَا كَانَ الرَّجُلُ سَرِيعَ الْغَضَبِ سَرِيعَ الْفَيْءِ فَإِنَّهَا بِهَا وَإِذَا كَانَ الرَّجُلُ بَطِيءَ الْغَضَبِ بَطِيءَ الْفَيْءِ فَإِنَّهَا بِهَا أَلَا إِنَّ خَيْرَ التُّجَّارِ مَنْ كَانَ حَسَنَ الْقَضَاءِ حَسَنَ الطَّلَبِ وَشَرَّ التُّجَّارِ مَنْ كَانَ سَيِّءَ الْقَضَاءِ سَيِّءَ الطَّلَبِ فَإِذَا كَانَ الرَّجُلُ حَسَنَ الْقَضَاءِ سَيِّءَ الطَّلَبِ فَإِنَّهَا بِهَا وَإِذَا كَانَ الرَّجُلُ سَيِّءَ الْقَضَاءِ حَسَنَ الطَّلَبِ فَإِنَّهَا بِهَا أَلَا لَا يَمْنَعَنَّ رَجُلًا مَهَابَةُ النَّاسِ أَنْ يَقُولَ بِالْحَقِّ إِذَا عَلِمَهُ أَلَا إِنَّ لِكُلِّ غَادِرٍ لِوَاءٌ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ بِقَدْرِ غَدْرَتِهِ أَلَا وَإِنَّ أَكْبَرَ الْغَدْرِ غَدَرُ إِمَامِ عَامَّةٍ أَلَا وَإِنَّ الْغَادِرَ لِوَاؤُهُ عِنْدَ اسْتِهِ أَلَا وَإِنَّ أَفْضَلَ الْجِهَادِ كَلِمَةُ حَقٍّ عِنْدَ سُلْطَانٍ جَائِرٍ» فَلَمَّا كَانَ عِنْدَ مَغْرِبَانِ الشَّمْسِ قَالَ «إِنَّ مَثَلَ مَا بَقِيَ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا فِيمَا مَضَى مِنْهَا كَمَثَلِ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ يَوْمِكُمْ هَذَا فِيمَا مَضَى»
Translation
Chain of narrators
- ʿAbdullāh b. Muḥammad b. Mūsá al-ʿAdl
- Muḥammad b. Ayyūb
- ʿAlī b. ʿUthmān al-Lāḥiqī and Mūsá b. Ismāʿīl
- Ḥammād b. Salamah Anbaʾ ʿAlī b. Zayd
- Abū Naḍrah
- Abū Saʿīd
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ led us in the afternoon prayer, then stood as a speaker after the afternoon prayer until the setting of the sun. Those who memorized it memorized it and those who forgot it forgot it. He informed in it of what is to happen until the Day of Resurrection. He praised Allah Almighty and extolled Him, then said: “Now then, the world is sweet and green, and Allah Almighty is making you successors in it and is watching how you act. Beware of the world and beware of women. Indeed, the children of Adam were created in various categories. Among them is one who is born a believer, lives a believer, and dies a believer. Among them is one who is born a disbeliever, lives a disbeliever, and dies a disbeliever. Among them is one who is born a believer, lives a believer, and dies a disbeliever. Among them is one who is born a disbeliever, lives a disbeliever, and dies a believer. Indeed, anger is a live coal kindled in the heart of the son of Adam. Do you not see the redness of his eyes and the swelling of his neck veins? When one of you feels something of that, let him cling to the ground. Indeed, the best of men is one who is slow to anger and quick to calm down, and the worst of men is one who is quick to anger and slow to calm down. If a man is quick to anger and quick to calm down, then it is equal to it. If a man is slow to anger and slow to calm down, then it is equal to it. Indeed, the best of traders is one who is good in settling debts and good in requesting repayment, and the worst of traders is one who is bad in settling debts and bad in requesting repayment. If a man is good in settling debts and bad in requesting repayment, then it is equal to it. If a man is bad in settling debts and good in requesting repayment, then it is equal to it. Indeed, let not awe of people prevent a man from speaking the truth when he knows it. Indeed, for every treacherous one there will be a banner on the Day of Resurrection according to his treachery. Indeed, the greatest treachery is the treachery of a leader of the common people. Indeed, the treacherous one's banner will be at his anus. Indeed, the most excellent jihad is a word of truth in the presence of a tyrannical ruler.” When it was near the setting of the sun, he said: “The example of what remains of the world compared to what has passed of it is like the example of what remains of this day of yours compared to what has passed.”
Notes
هَذَا حَدِيثٌ تَفَرَّدَ بِهَذِهِ السِّيَاقَةِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ زَيْدِ بْنِ جُدْعَانَ الْقُرَشِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي نَضْرَةَ وَالشَّيْخَانِ لَمْ يَحْتَجَّا بِعَلِيِّ بْنِ زَيْدٍ ابن جدعان صالح الحديث
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What scholars said about it
In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.
- Badr al-Dīn al-ʿAynī
ضعفوه بوجهين الأول أن في سنده ابن جدعان والثاني أنه لا يعارض دعوى العموم لأن الأقسام الأربعة راجعة إلى علم الله تعالى فإنه قد يولد الولد بين مؤمنين والعياذ بالله يكون قد سبق في علمه تعالى غير ذلك وكذا من ولد بين كافرين وإلى هذا يرجع غلام خضر عليه الصلاة والسلام
in المستدرك على الصحيحين, p. 8638 - Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥākim
هذا حديث تفرد بهذه السياقة علي بن زيد بن جدعان القرشي عن أبي نضرة والشيخان رضي الله عنهما لم يحتجا بعلي بن زيد
machine translationThis is a ḥadīth that ʿAlī b. Zayd b. Judʿān al-Qurashī was alone in narrating with this wording, from Abū Naḍrah, and the two Shaykhs (al-Bukhārī and Muslim), may God be pleased with them both, did not use ʿAlī b. Zayd as proof.
in المستدرك على الصحيحين, p. 8638 - Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr
ليس من الأحاديث التي لا مطعن فيها لأنه انفرد به علي بن زيد بن جدعان وقد كان شعبة يتكلم فيه
machine translationIt is not among the hadiths that are free of criticism, because ʿAlī b. Zayd b. Judʿān was alone in narrating it, and Shuʿbah used to speak against him.
in المستدرك على الصحيحين, p. 8638
Other narrations of this report
Narrators
- He and his father were Companions (ṣuḥbah).d. 63 AH, or 64 AH, or 65 AH, or 74 AHأَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيُّله ولأبيه صحبةعن
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. During the governorship of Ibn Hubayrah (103–105 AH), or 108 AH, or 109 AHأَبِي نَضْرَةَثقةعن
- weak (ḍaʿīf)d. 127 AH, or 129 AH, or 131 AHعَلِيُّ بْنُ زَيْدٍضعيفأنبأ
- trustworthy (thiqah), devout (ʿābid), the most reliable of people in narrating from Thābit; his memory changed towards the end of his lifed. 167 AH, or 165 AH.حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَثقه عابد ، أثبت الناس في ثابت ، وتغير حفظه بآخرهحدثنا
- d. 228 AH, or 229 AHعَلِيُّ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ اللَّاحِقِيُّحدثنا
- d. 294 AH, also said: 295 AHمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَيُّوبَحدثنا
- d. 349 AHعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُوسَى الْعَدْلُأخبرني
- d. 403 AH, or 405 AHالحاكم
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.