al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8132
✧ The Boundaries: Explanation of the Hadith of Shurahbil b. Aws
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْبَغْدَادِيُّ ثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ صَالِحٍ ثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ كَثِيرِ بْنِ عُفَيْرٍ ثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ فُلَيْحٍ أَبُو الْمُغِيرَةِ الْخُزَاعِيُّ ثَنَا ثَوْرُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ الدِّيلِيُّ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ
إِنَّ الشُّرَّابَ كَانُوا يُضْرَبُونَ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالْأَيْدِي وَالنِّعَالِ وَالْعَصَا حَتَّى تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَكَانُوا فِي خِلَافَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَكْثَرَ مِنْهُمْ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لَوْ فَرَضْنَا لَهُمْ حَدًّا فَتَوَخَّى نَحْوًا مِمَّا كَانُوا يُضْرَبُونَ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَجْلِدُهُمْ أَرْبَعِينَ حَتَّى تُوُفِّيَ ثُمَّ قَامَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ عُمَرُ فَجَلَدَهُمْ كَذَلِكَ أَرْبَعِينَ حَتَّى أُتِيَ بِرَجُلٍ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الْأَوَّلِينَ وَقَدْ كَانَ شَرِبَ فَأَمَرَ بِهِ أَنْ يُجْلَدَ فَقَالَ لِمَ تَجْلِدُنَي بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكَ كِتَابُ اللَّهِ ﷻ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ فِي أَيِّ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ تَجِدُ أَنِّي لَا أَجْلِدُكَ؟ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ فِي كِتَابِهِ {لَيْسَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ جُنَاحٌ فِيمَا طَعِمُوا} [المائدة 93] الْآيَةَ فَأَنَا مِنَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ ثُمَّ اتَّقُوا وَآمَنُوا ثُمَّ اتَّقُوا وَأَحْسِنُوا شَهِدْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَدْرًا وَالْحُدَيْبِيَةَ وَالْخَنْدَقَ وَالْمَشَاهِدَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ أَلَا تَرُدُّونَ عَلَيْهِ مَا يَقُولُ؟ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ إِنَّ هَذِهِ الْآيَاتِ أُنْزِلَتْ عُذْرًا لِلْمَاضِينَ وَحَجَّةً عَلَى الْبَاقِينَ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ ﷻ يَقُولُ {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّمَا الْخَمْرُ وَالْمَيْسِرُ وَالْأَنْصَابُ وَالْأَزْلَامُ رِجْسٌ مِنْ عَمِلِ الشَّيْطَانِ} [المائدة 90] ثُمَّ قَرَأَ حَتَّى أَنْفَذَ الْآيَةَ الْأُخْرَى {لَيْسَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ جُنَاحٌ فِيمَا طَعِمُوا إِذَا مَا اتَّقَوْا وَآمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ ثُمَّ اتَّقَوْا وَآمَنُوا ثُمَّ اتَّقَوْا وَأَحْسَنُوا} [المائدة 93] فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ ﷻ قَدْ نَهَى أَنْ يُشْرَبَ الْخَمْرُ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ صَدَقْتَ فَمَاذَا تَرَوْنَ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ «نَرَى أَنَّهُ إِذَا شَرِبَ سَكِرَ وَإِذَا سَكِرَ هَذَى وَإِذَا هَذَى افْتَرَى وَعَلَى الْمُفْتَرِي ثَمَانُونَ جَلْدَةً» فَأَمَرَ عُمَرُ فَجُلِدَ ثَمَانِينَ
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad b. Muḥammad b. ʿAbdullāh al-Baghdādī
- Yaḥyá b. ʿUthmān b. Ṣāliḥ
- Saʿīd b. Kathīr b. ʿUfayr
- Yaḥyá b. Fulayḥ Abū al-Mughīrah al-Khuzāʿī
- Thawr b. Zayd al-Dīlī
- ʿIkrimah
- Ibn ʿAbbās
✧ Drinkers used to be beaten in the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with hands, sandals, and staffs until the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed away. And they were more numerous in the caliphate of Abu Bakr than they had been in the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Abu Bakr said, “If we appoint a fixed punishment for them,” and he sought an amount similar to what they used to be beaten with in the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Abu Bakr would flog them forty lashes until he passed away. Then Umar succeeded him and flogged them likewise, forty lashes, until a man from the early Muhajirun was brought, and he had drunk. He ordered that he be flogged, and the man said, “Why do you flog me? Between me and you is the Book of Allah ﷻ.” Umar said, “In which part of the Book of Allah do you find that I should not flog you?” He said, “Allah, Exalted is He, says in His Book: {There is no blame upon those who believe and do righteous deeds for what they have eaten} [al-Ma'idah 93], to the end of the verse. I am among those who believed and did righteous deeds, then feared and believed, then feared and did good. I witnessed Badr, al-Hudaybiyyah, the Trench, and the battles with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.” Umar said, “Will you not respond to what he says?” Ibn Abbas said, “These verses were revealed as an excuse for those who have passed and as a proof against those who remain, because Allah ﷻ says: {O you who believe, indeed wine, gambling, sacrificing on stone altars, and divining arrows are but defilement from the work of Satan} [al-Ma'idah 90].” Then he recited until he completed the other verse: {There is no blame upon those who believe and do righteous deeds for what they have eaten, if they fear and believe and do righteous deeds, then fear and believe, then fear and do good} [al-Ma'idah 93]. For Allah ﷻ has forbidden drinking wine. Umar said, “You have spoken the truth. So what do you think?” Ali said, “We think that if he drinks, he becomes intoxicated; if he becomes intoxicated, he raves; if he raves, he fabricates lies; and upon the fabricator are eighty lashes.” So Umar ordered that he be flogged eighty lashes.
Notes
«هَذَا حَدِيثٌ صَحِيحُ الْإِسْنَادِ وَلَمْ يُخَرِّجَاهُ» صحيح
machine translation"This is a ḥadīth with a sound chain (ṣaḥīḥ al-isnād), and they did not include it in their collections." Authentic (ṣaḥīḥ).
Grades by grader
| al-Dhahabi | Sound | hadithunlocked |
|---|---|---|
| Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥākim | Soundin المستدرك على الصحيحين, p. 8224 | hadithunlocked |
What scholars said about it
In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.
- Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥākim
هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد ولم يخرجاه
machine translationThis hadith has an authentic chain of transmission (ṣaḥīḥ al-isnād), though they did not record it.
in المستدرك على الصحيحين, p. 8224 - Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī
وهو منقطع لأن ثورا لم يلحق عمر
in المستدرك على الصحيحين, p. 8224
Other narrations of this report
Narrators
- One of the ten (promised Paradise)d. 40 AHعَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍأحد العشرةفقال
- One of the Companions who narrated most prolifically (mukthirūn).d. 65 AH, or 67 AH, or 68 AH, also said: 69 AH, also said: 70 AH; also said: 73 AHعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍأحد المكثرين من الصحابةعن
- Trustworthy (thiqah), reliable (thabt), knowledgeable in Qurʾānic exegesis; the claim that Ibn ʿUmar called him a liar is not established, and no innovation is established from him.d. Ibn al-Madīnī said: 104 AH. Abū Saʿīd b. Yūnus and others said: 105 AH, and al-Haytham b. ʿAdī said, and Abū ʿUmar al-Ḍarīr: 106 AH. Abū Maʿshar al-Madanī and others said: 107 AH. Also reported from al-Haytham b. ʿAdī, and Abū al-Ḥasan al-Madāʾinī, and Yaḥyā b. Maʿīn: 115 AH. And that is a mistakeعِكْرِمَةَثقة ثبت عالم بالتفسير ، لم يثبت تكذيبه عن ابن عمر ، ولا تثبت عنه بدعةعن
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr and Ibn Ḥibbān said: 135 AH. Ibn Qāniʿ said: 140 AH. In al-Ṣarīfīnī's "book": 158 AHثَوْرُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ الدَّيْلِيُّثقةحدثنا
- يَحْيَى بْنُ فُلَيْحٍ أَبُو الْمُغِيرَةِ الْخُزَاعِيُّحدثنا
- truthful (ṣadūq), knowledgeable in genealogies and other matters (ʿālim bi-l-ansāb wa-ghayrihā)d. 226 AHسَعِيدُ بْنُ كَثِيرِ بْنِ عُفَيْرٍصدوق ، عالم بالأنساب وغيرهاحدثنا
- truthful (ṣadūq), accused of Shīʿism (tashayyuʿ), some considered him soft (layyin) because he narrated from other than his original copyd. 282 AHيَحْيَى بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ صَالِحٍصدوق ، رمي بالتشيع ، ولينه بعضهم لكونه حدث من غير أصلهحدثنا
- أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْبَغْدَادِيُّأخبرنا
- d. 403 AH, or 405 AHالحاكم
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.