al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2709

Translation

✧ Any woman who is married without the permission of her guardian, her marriage is invalid, and she is entitled to her dowry for what he has had of her; and if they dispute, then the ruler is the guardian of the one who has no guardian.

Notes

• فَقَدْ صَحَّ وَثَبَتَ بِرِوَايَاتِ الْأَئِمَّةِ الْأَثْبَاتِ سَمَاعُ الرُّوَاةِ بَعْضُهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ فَلَا تُعَلَّلُ هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَاتُ بِحَدِيثِ ابْنِ عُلَيَّةَ وَسُؤَالِهِ ابْنَ جُرَيْجٍ عَنْهُ وَقَوْلِهِ إِنِّي سَأَلْتُ الزُّهْرِيَّ عَنْهُ فَلَمْ يَعْرِفْهُ فَقَدْ يَنْسَى الثِّقَةُ الْحَافِظُ الْحَدِيثَ بَعْدَ أَنْ حَدَّثَ بِهِ وَقَدْ فَعَلَهُ غَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ حُفَّاظِ الْحَدِيثِ أَخْبَرَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ ثنا أَبُو حَاتِمٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ الرَّازِيُّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَحْمَدَ بْنَ حَنْبَلٍ يَقُولُ وَذُكِرَ عِنْدَهُ أَنَّ ابْنَ عُلَيَّةَ يَذْكُرُ حَدِيثَ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ فِي «لَا نِكَاحَ إِلَّا بِوَلِيٍّ» قَالَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ فَلَقِيتُ الزُّهْرِيَّ فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْهُ فَلَمْ يَعْرِفْهُ وَأَثْنَى عَلَى سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ مُوسَى قَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ إِنَّ ابْنَ جُرَيْجٍ لَهُ كُتُبْ مُدَوَّنَةٌ وَلَيْسَ هَذَا فِي كُتُبِهِ يَعْنِي حِكَايَةَ ابْنِ عُلَيَّةَ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ يَعْقُوبَ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ الْعَبَّاسَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ الدُّورِيَّ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ يَحْيَىَ بْنَ مَعِينٍ يَقُولُ فِي حَدِيثِ «لَا نِكَاحَ إِلَّا بِوَلِيٍّ» الَّذِي يَرْوِيهِ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّ ابْنَ عُلَيَّةَ يَقُولُ قَالَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ فَسَأَلْتُ عَنْهُ الزُّهْرِيَّ فَقَالَ لَسْتُ أَحْفَظُهُ فَقَالَ يَحْيَى بْنُ مَعِينٍ لَيْسَ يَقُولُ هَذَا إِلَّا ابْنُ عُلَيَّةَ وَإِنَّمَا عَرَضَ ابْنُ عُلَيَّةَ كُتُبَ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ عَلَى عَبْدِ الْمَجِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ أَبِي رَوَّادٍ فَأَصْلَحَهَا لَهُ وَلَكِنْ لَمْ يَبْذُلْ نَفْسَهُ لِلْحَدِيثِ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ رَجَاءٍ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُصَفَّى ثنا بَقِيَّةُ ثنا شُعَيْبُ بْنُ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ قَالَ لِيَ الزُّهْرِيُّ إِنَّ مَكْحُولًا يَأْتِينَا وَسُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ مُوسَى وَلَعَمْرُ اللَّهِ إِنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنَ مُوسَى لَأَحْفَظُ الرَّجُلَيْنِ قَالَ الْحَاكِمُ «رَجَعْنَا إِلَى الْأَصْلِ الَّذِي لَمْ يَسَعِ الشَّيْخَيْنِ إِخْلَاءُ الصَّحِيحَيْنِ عَنْهُ وَهُوَ حَدِيثُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ أَبِي بُرْدَةِ عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى»

  machine translationIt is authentically established, through the reports of the reliable and firmly established imams, that the narrators heard from one another, so these reports are not to be faulted on account of the report of Ibn ʿUlayyah, his questioning of Ibn Jurayj about it, and his saying: "I asked al-Zuhrī about it and he did not know it." For a trustworthy, retentive narrator may forget a hadith after having narrated it, and more than one of the memorizers of hadith have done so. al-Ḥusayn b. al-Ḥasan b. Ayyūb informed us: Abū Ḥātim Muḥammad b. Idrīs al-Rāzī narrated to us, he said: I heard Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal say, when it was mentioned in his presence that Ibn ʿUlayyah relates the hadith of Ibn Jurayj on "There is no marriage without a guardian (walī)": Ibn Jurayj said: "I met al-Zuhrī and asked him about it, and he did not know it," and he praised Sulaymān b. Mūsā. Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal said: Ibn Jurayj has written, compiled books, and this is not in his books, meaning the account of Ibn ʿUlayyah from Ibn Jurayj. I heard Abū al-ʿAbbās Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb say: I heard al-ʿAbbās b. Muḥammad al-Dūrī say: I heard Yaḥyā b. Maʿīn say, regarding the hadith "There is no marriage without a guardian" which Ibn Jurayj narrates: I said to him, "Ibn ʿUlayyah says that Ibn Jurayj said: I asked al-Zuhrī about it and he said: I do not remember it." Yaḥyā b. Maʿīn said: No one says this except Ibn ʿUlayyah. Ibn ʿUlayyah only presented the books of Ibn Jurayj to ʿAbd al-Majīd b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. Abī Rawwād, who corrected them for him, but he did not devote himself to hadith. Abū ʿAbdillāh Muḥammad b. ʿAbdillāh narrated to us: Abū Bakr b. Rajāʾ narrated to us: Muḥammad b. al-Muṣaffā narrated to us: Baqiyyah narrated to us: Shuʿayb b. Abī Ḥamzah narrated to us, he said: al-Zuhrī said to me: Makḥūl comes to us, and Sulaymān b. Mūsā, and by God, Sulaymān b. Mūsā is the better memorizer of the two men. al-Ḥākim said: "We return to the original report which the two Shaykhs could not leave out of the two Ṣaḥīḥs, and it is the hadith of Abū Isḥāq from Abū Burdah from Abū Mūsā." Report a problem

Grades by grader

What scholars said about it

In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.

• Badr al-Dīn al-ʿAynī

  قال الترمذي هذا حديث حسن قلت من أين له الحسن وقد أنكره الزهري فإن قلت إنكاره لا يعين التكذيب بل يحتمل أنه رواه فنسيه إذ كل محدث لا يحفظ ما رواه قلت إذا احتمل التكذيب والنسيان فلا يبقى حجة ويلزم المحتج به أن يقول بمفهوم الخطاب ومفهوم هذا يقتضي صحة النكاح بإذن الولي فلا تقول به

  machine translationAl-Tirmidhī said: "This ḥadīth is good (ḥasan)." I say: From where does it get its goodness, when al-Zuhrī denied it? If you say: his denial does not establish that he declared it false, for it is possible that he narrated it and then forgot it, since every transmitter does not remember everything he narrated; I say: if both declaring it false and forgetting are possible, then no proof remains, and whoever argues with it is bound to hold to the implied meaning of the address (mafhūm al-khiṭāb), and the implied meaning of this one requires that a marriage is valid with the guardian's permission, yet you do not hold that. Report a problem

  in المستدرك على الصحيحين, p. 2724
• Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī

  حديث صحيح

  machine translationAn authentic (ṣaḥīḥ) hadith. Report a problem

  in المستدرك على الصحيحين, p. 2724
• Abū Ḥatim al-Rāzī

  كتب ابن جريج مدونة فيها أحاديثه من حدث عنهم ثم لقيت عطاء ثم لقيت فلان فلو كان محفوظا عنه لكان هذا في كتبه ومراجعاته

  machine translationIbn Jurayj wrote a compilation containing his hadiths: those from whom he narrated, "then I met ʿAṭāʾ, then I met so-and-so." Had this been preserved from him, it would have been in his books and his reviews. Report a problem

  in المستدرك على الصحيحين, p. 2724
• Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī

  أعل بالإرسال

  machine translationIt was declared defective (muʿall) due to being mursal. Report a problem

  in المستدرك على الصحيحين, p. 2724

Other narrations of this report

Sunan Abi Dawud 2083Sunan Abi Dawud 2084Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1102Sunan Ibn Majah 1879

Narrators

1. 1
   ʿĀʾishah bt. Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq

   Mother of the Believers, the most knowledgeable woman in jurisprudence absolutely (afqah al-nisāʾ muṭlaqan)d. 57 AH, or 58 AH
   عَائِشَةُ بِنْتُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِأم المؤمنين ، أفقه النساء مطلقا
   أخبرته
2. 2
   ʿUrwah b. al-Zubayr

   trustworthy (thiqah), a jurist (faqīh), well-known (mashhūr)d. 91 AH, or 92, or 93 AH, or 94 AH, or 95 AH, or 99 AH, or 100 AH, or 101 AH
   عُرْوَةَثقة فقيه مشهور
   أخبره
3. 3
   al-Zuhrī

   The jurist and memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), whose eminence, precision and reliability are agreed upond. Ḍamrah b. Rabīʿah and others said: 123 AH. The nephew of al-Zuhrī and others said: 124 AH. Ibn Yūnus and others said: 125 AH
   ابْنَ شِهَابٍالفقيه الحافظ ، متفق على جلالته وإتقانه وثبته
   أخبره
4. 4
   Sulaymān b. Mūsá al-Ashdaq

   truthful (ṣadūq), jurist, there is some softness in his hadith, and his mind became confused shortly before his deathd. 115 AH, or 119 AH
   سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ مُوسَىصدوق , فقيه , في حديثه بعض لين , وخولط قبل موته بقليل
   أخبرني
5. 5
   Ibn Jurayj

   Trustworthy (thiqah), a jurist (faqīh), excellent (fāḍil); he used to commit concealment (tadlīs) and to narrate with omission of the Companion (irsāl).d. 149 AH or 150 AH or 151 AH or 160 AH
   ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍثقة فقيه فاضل ، وكان يدلس ويرسل
   عن
6. 6
   Ḥajjāj

   Trustworthy (thiqah), reliable (thabt), but his memory became confused (ikhtalaṭa) at the end of his life, when he came to Baghdad before his death.d. 205 AH, or 206 AH
   حَجَّاجُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍثقة ثبت لكنه اختلط في آخر عمره لما قدم بغداد قبل موته
   أنبأ
7. 7
   Yaḥyā b. Yaḥyā

   trustworthy (thiqah), firmly reliable (thabt), an imam (imām).d. 226 AH, or 224 AH, or 225 AH; both of the latter two are mistaken.
   يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَىثقة ثبت إمام .
   حدثنا
8. 8
   Ismāʿīl b. Qutaybah

   d. 284 AH
   إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ قُتَيْبَةَ
   أنبأ
9. 9
   Abū Bakr b. Isḥāq

   d. 342 AH
   أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْفَقِيهُ
   حدثنا
10. 10
    al-Ḥākim

    d. 403 AH, or 405 AH
    الحاكم

Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com

Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.