Sunan Ibn Majah 1879
No marriage except with a guardian
Show the chain
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ
أَيُّمَا امْرَأَةٍ لَمْ يُنْكِحْهَا الْوَلِيُّ فَنِكَاحُهَا بَاطِلٌ فَنِكَاحُهَا بَاطِلٌ فَنِكَاحُهَا بَاطِلٌ فَإِنْ أَصَابَهَا فَلَهَا مَهْرُهَا بِمَا أَصَابَ مِنْهَا فَإِنِ اشْتَجَرُوا فَالسُّلْطَانُ وَلِيُّ مَنْ لاَ وَلِيَّ لَهُ
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Abū Bakr b. Abū Shaybah
- Muʿādh b. Muʿādh
- Ibn Jurayj
- Sulaymān b. Mūsá
- al-Zuhrī
- ʿUrwah
- ʿĀʾishah
- Rasūl Allāh ﷺ
the Messenger of Allah said: “Any woman whose marriage is not arranged by her guardian, her marriage is invalid, her marriage is invalid, her marriage is invalid. If (the man) has had intercourse with her, then the Mahr belongs to her in return for his intimacy with her. And if there is any dispute then the ruler is the guardian of the one who does not have a guardian.”
Grades by grader
| Zubair Ali Zai | Sound | fawazahmed0, hadithunlocked, sunnah.com |
|---|---|---|
| Muhammad Fuad Abd al-Baqi | Sahih | fawazahmed0 |
| Shuayb al-Arnaut | Sahih | fawazahmed0 |
| al-Albani | Sahih | fawazahmed0 |
What scholars said about it
In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.
- Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī
حديث صحيح
machine translationAn authentic (ṣaḥīḥ) hadith.
in سنن ابن ماجه, p. 1950 - Abū Ḥatim al-Rāzī
كتب ابن جريج مدونة فيها أحاديثه من حدث عنهم ثم لقيت عطاء ثم لقيت فلان فلو كان محفوظا عنه لكان هذا في كتبه ومراجعاته
machine translationIbn Jurayj wrote a compilation containing his hadiths: those from whom he narrated, "then I met ʿAṭāʾ, then I met so-and-so." Had this been preserved from him, it would have been in his books and his reviews.
in سنن ابن ماجه, p. 1950 - Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī
أعل بالإرسال
machine translationIt was declared defective (muʿall) due to being mursal.
in سنن ابن ماجه, p. 1950 - Dāraquṭnī
يرويه علي بن الحسين بن واقد عن هشام بن سعد عن الزهري عن عروة عن المسور بن مخرمة ولا يصح عن المسور في هذا شيء والصحيح عن الزهري عن عروة عن عائشة أيما امرأة نكحت بغير إذن وليها فنكاحها باطل
machine translationʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn b. Wāqid narrates it from Hishām b. Saʿd, from al-Zuhrī, from ʿUrwah, from al-Miswar b. Makhramah. Nothing on this topic is authentic from al-Miswar. The authentic report is from al-Zuhrī, from ʿUrwah, from ʿĀʾishah: "Any woman who marries without the permission of her guardian, her marriage is invalid."
in سنن ابن ماجه, p. 1950
Show 3 more
- Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal
ليس يصح في هذا شيء إلا حديث سليمان بن موسى عن الزهري عن عروة عن عائشة عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم
machine translationNothing is authentic on this topic except the ḥadīth of Sulaymān b. Mūsā, from al-Zuhrī, from ʿUrwah, from ʿĀʾishah, from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
in سنن ابن ماجه, p. 1950 - Badr al-Dīn al-ʿAynī
سليمان بن موسى متكلم فيه
machine translationSulaymān b. Mūsā has been criticized.
in سنن ابن ماجه, p. 1950 - Badr al-Dīn al-ʿAynī
قال الترمذي هذا حديث حسن قلت من أين له الحسن وقد أنكره الزهري فإن قلت إنكاره لا يعين التكذيب بل يحتمل أنه رواه فنسيه إذ كل محدث لا يحفظ ما رواه قلت إذا احتمل التكذيب والنسيان فلا يبقى حجة ويلزم المحتج به أن يقول بمفهوم الخطاب ومفهوم هذا يقتضي صحة النكاح بإذن الولي فلا تقول به
machine translationAl-Tirmidhī said: "This ḥadīth is good (ḥasan)." I say: From where does it get its goodness, when al-Zuhrī denied it? If you say: his denial does not establish that he declared it false, for it is possible that he narrated it and then forgot it, since every transmitter does not remember everything he narrated; I say: if both declaring it false and forgetting are possible, then no proof remains, and whoever argues with it is bound to hold to the implied meaning of the address (mafhūm al-khiṭāb), and the implied meaning of this one requires that a marriage is valid with the guardian's permission, yet you do not hold that.
in سنن ابن ماجه, p. 1950
Other narrations of this report
Sunan Abi Dawud 2083Sunan Abi Dawud 2084Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1102Sunan Ibn Majah 1880al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 13755
Narrators
- Mother of the Believers, the most knowledgeable woman in jurisprudence absolutely (afqah al-nisāʾ muṭlaqan)d. 57 AH, or 58 AHعَائِشَةُ بِنْتُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِأم المؤمنين ، أفقه النساء مطلقاعن
- trustworthy (thiqah), a jurist (faqīh), well-known (mashhūr)d. 91 AH, or 92, or 93 AH, or 94 AH, or 95 AH, or 99 AH, or 100 AH, or 101 AHعُرْوَةَثقة فقيه مشهورعن
- The jurist and memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), whose eminence, precision and reliability are agreed upond. Ḍamrah b. Rabīʿah and others said: 123 AH. The nephew of al-Zuhrī and others said: 124 AH. Ibn Yūnus and others said: 125 AHالزُّهْرِيِّالفقيه الحافظ ، متفق على جلالته وإتقانه وثبتهعن
- truthful (ṣadūq), jurist, there is some softness in his hadith, and his mind became confused shortly before his deathd. 115 AH, or 119 AHسُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ مُوسَىصدوق , فقيه , في حديثه بعض لين , وخولط قبل موته بقليلعن
- Trustworthy (thiqah), a jurist (faqīh), excellent (fāḍil); he used to commit concealment (tadlīs) and to narrate with omission of the Companion (irsāl).d. 149 AH or 150 AH or 151 AH or 160 AHابْنُ جُرَيْجٍثقة فقيه فاضل ، وكان يدلس ويرسلحدثنا
- trustworthy (thiqah), meticulous (mutqin)d. 195 AH, or 196 AHمُعَاذُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍثقة متقنحدثنا
- trustworthy (thiqah), a memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), author of works (ṣāḥib taṣānīf)d. 235 AH, or 234 AHأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَثقة حافظ ، صاحب تصانيفحدثنا
- one of the imams, a memorizer (ḥāfiẓ)d. 273 AH, or: 275 AHابْنُ مَاجَهْأحد الأئمة ، حافظ
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.
Commentaries
شرح مشكل الآثار
Hāshiyat al-Sindī on Abū Daʿūd
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