4. Abū Ṭālib's guardianship of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ

Sirat Ibn Hisham 208No grade recorded
كِفَالَةُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَعْدَ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ مَعَ عَمِّهِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، وَكَانَ عَبْدُ الْمُطَّلِبِ - فِيمَا يَزْعُمُونَ - يُوصِي بِهِ عَمَّهُ أَبَا طَالِبٍ، وَذَلِكَ لِأَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ أَبَا رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَأَبَا طَالِبٍ أَخَوَانِ لِأَبٍ وَأُمٍّ، أُمُّهُمَا فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَائِذِ بْنِ عَبْدِ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ مَخْزُومٍ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: عَائِذُ بْنُ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ مَخْزُومٍ. [ وِلَايَةُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ لِأَمْرِ الرَّسُولِ ﷺ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَكَانَ أَبُو طَالِبٍ هُوَ الَّذِي يَلِي أَمْرَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَعْدَ جَدِّهِ، فَكَانَ إلَيْهِ وَمَعَهُ. [ نُبُوءَةُ رَجُلٍ مِنْ لَهَبٍ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبَّادِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، أَنَّ أَبَاهُ حَدَّثَهُ: أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ لَهَبٍ - قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَلَهَبٌ: مِنْ أَزْدَشَنُوءَةَ - كَانَ عَائِفًا، فَكَانَ إذَا قَدِمَ مَكَّةَ أَتَاهُ رِجَالُ قُرَيْشٍ بِغِلْمَانِهِمْ يَنْظُرُ إلَيْهِمْ وَيَعْتَافُ لَهُمْ فِيهِمْ. قَالَ: فَأَتَى بِهِ أَبُو طَالِبٍ وَهُوَ غُلَامٌ، مَعَ مَنْ يَأْتِيهِ، فَنَظَرَ إلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، ثُمَّ شَغَلَهُ عَنْهُ شَيْءٌ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ قَالَ: الْغُلَامُ عَلَيَّ بِهِ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى أَبُو طَالِبٍ حِرْصَهُ عَلَيْهِ غَيَّبَهُ عَنْهُ، فَجَعَلَ يَقُولُ: وَيْلَكُمْ، رُدُّوا عَلَيَّ الْغُلَامَ الَّذِي رَأَيْتُ آنِفًا، فَوَاَللَّهِ لَيَكُونَنَّ لَهُ شَأْنٌ. قَالَ: فَانْطَلَقَ أَبُو طَالِبٍ.
✧ Abū Ṭālib's Guardianship of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was, after ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib, with his uncle Abū Ṭālib, and ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib – as they assert – had bequeathed him to his uncle Abū Ṭālib. That is because ʿAbd Allah, the father of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and Abū Ṭālib were full brothers, their mother being Fāṭimah bt. ʿAmr b. ʿĀʾidh b. ʿAbd b. ʿImrān b. Makhzūm. Ibn Hishām said: ʿĀʾidh b. ʿImrān b. Makhzūm. [Abū Ṭālib's Guardianship of the Messenger's ﷺ Affairs] Ibn Isḥāq said: Abū Ṭālib was the one who took charge of the affairs of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ after his grandfather, and so he was entrusted to him and stayed with him. [Prophecy of a man from Lahab concerning the Messenger of Allah ﷺ] Ibn Isḥāq said: Yaḥyā b. ʿAbbād b. ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Zubayr related to me that his father related to him: A man from Lahab – Ibn Hishām said: Lahab is from Azd Shanūʾah – was a soothsayer. Whenever he came to Makkah, the men of Quraysh would bring their boys to him to examine them and practice augury about them. He said: Abū Ṭālib brought him, while he was a boy, along with those who came to him. He looked at the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, then something distracted him from him. When he finished, he said: “The boy, bring him to me!” When Abū Ṭālib saw his eagerness for him, he hid him from him. He kept saying: “Woe to you! Bring back the boy I saw just now, for by Allah he will have a great affair.” He said: Then Abū Ṭālib departed.
Sirat Ibn Hisham 209No grade recorded
قِصَّةُ بَحِيرَى [ نُزُولُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِبُحَيْرَى ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: ثُمَّ إنَّ أَبَا طَالِبٍ خَرَجَ فِي رَكْبٍ تَاجِرًا إلَى الشَّامِ، فَلَمَّا تَهَيَّأَ لِلرَّحِيلِ، وَأَجْمَعَ الْمَسِيرَ صَبَّ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ - فِيمَا يَزْعُمُونَ - فَرَقَّ لَهُ ( أَبُو طَالِبٍ ) وَقَالَ: وَاَللَّهِ لَأَخْرُجَنَّ بِهِ مَعِي، وَلَا يُفَارِقُنِي، وَلَا أُفَارِقُهُ أَبَدًا، أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ. فَخَرَجَ بِهِ مَعَهُ فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ الرَّكْبُ بُصْرَى مِنْ أَرْضِ الشَّامِ، وَبِهِمَا رَاهِبٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ بَحِيرَى فِي صَوْمَعَةٍ لَهُ، وَكَانَ إلَيْهِ عِلْمُ أَهْلِ النَّصْرَانِيَّةِ وَلَمْ يَزَلْ فِي تِلْكَ الصَّوْمَعَةِ مُنْذُ قَطُّ رَاهِبٌ، إلَيْهِ يَصِيرُ عِلْمُهُمْ عَنْ كِتَابٍ فِيهَا فِيمَا يَزْعُمُونَ، يَتَوَارَثُونَهُ كَابِرًا عَنْ كَابِرٍ. فَلَمَّا نَزَلُوا ذَلِكَ الْعَامَ بِبَحِيرَى وَكَانُوا كَثِيرًا مَا يَمُرُّونَ بِهِ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ فَلَا يُكَلِّمُهُمْ وَلَا يَعْرِضُ لَهُمْ حَتَّى كَانَ ذَلِكَ الْعَامُ. فَلَمَّا نَزَلُوا بِهِ قَرِيبًا مِنْ صَوْمَعَتِهِ صَنَعَ لَهُمْ طَعَامًا كَثِيرًا، وَذَلِكَ فِيمَا يَزْعُمُونَ عَنْ شَيْءٍ رَآهُ وَهُوَ فِي صَوْمَعَتِهِ، يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُ رَأَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَهُوَ فِي صَوْمَعَتِهِ، فِي الرَّكْبِ حِينَ أَقْبَلُوا، وَغَمَامَةٌ تُظِلُّهُ مِنْ بَيْنِ الْقَوْمِ. قَالَ: ثُمَّ أَقْبَلُوا فَنَزَلُوا فِي ظِلِّ شَجَرَةٍ قَرِيبًا مِنْهُ. فَنَظَرَ إلَى الْغَمَامَةِ حَيْنَ أَظَلَّتْ الشَّجَرَةُ، وَتَهَصَّرَتْ أَغْصَانُ الشَّجَرَةِ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى اسْتَظَلَّ تَحْتَهَا. فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ بَحِيرَى نَزَلَ مِنْ صَوْمَعَتِهِ، ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ إلَيْهِمْ، فَقَالَ: إنِّي قَدْ صَنَعْتُ لَكُمْ طَعَامًا يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ، فَأَنَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَحْضُرُوا كُلُّكُمْ، صَغِيرُكُمْ وَكَبِيرُكُمْ، وَعَبْدُكُمْ وَحُرُّكُمْ: فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ: وَاَللَّهِ يَا بَحِيرَى إنَّ لَكَ لَشَأْنًا الْيَوْمَ، فَمَا كُنْتَ تَصْنَعُ هَذَا بِنَا، وَقَدْ كُنَّا نَمُرُّ بِكَ كَثِيرًا، فَمَا شَأْنُكَ الْيَوْمَ ؟ قَالَ لَهُ بَحِيرَى: صَدَقْتَ، قَدْ كَانَ مَا تَقُولُ، وَلَكِنَّكُمْ ضَيْفٌ، وَقَدْ أَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ أُكْرِمَكُمْ وَأَصْنَعَ لَكُمْ طَعَامًا فَتَأْكُلُوا مِنْهُ كُلُّكُمْ. فَاجْتَمِعُوا إلَيْهِ، وَتَخَلَّفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ بَيْنِ الْقَوْمِ، لِحَدَاثَةِ سِنِّهِ، فِي رِحَالِ الْقَوْمِ تَحْتَ الشَّجَرَةِ. فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ بَحِيرَى فِي الْقَوْمِ لَمْ يَرَ الصِّفَةَ الَّتِي يَعْرِفُ وَيَجِدُ عِنْدَهُ، فَقَالَ: يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ، لَا يَتَخَلَّفَنَّ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ عَنْ طَعَامِي؛ قَالُوا لَهُ: يَا بَحِيرَى، مَا تَخَلَّفَ عَنْكَ أَحَدٌ يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَكَ إلَّا غُلَامٌ، وَهُوَ أَحْدَثُ الْقَوْمِ سِنًّا، فَتَخَلَّفَ فِي رِحَالِهِمْ؛ فَقَالَ: لَا تَفْعَلُوا، اُدْعُوهُ فَلِيَحْضُرْ هَذَا الطَّعَامَ مَعَكُمْ. قَالَ: فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ مَعَ الْقَوْمِ؛ وَاَللَّاتِ وَالْعُزَّى، إنْ كَانَ لَلُؤْمٌ بِنَا أَنْ يَتَخَلَّفَ ابْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ عَنْ طَعَامٍ مِنْ بَيْنَنَا، ثُمَّ قَامَ إلَيْهِ فَاحْتَضَنَهُ وَأَجْلَسَهُ مَعَ الْقَوْمِ. فَلَمَّا رَآهُ بَحِيرَى جَعَلَ يَلْحَظُهُ لَحْظًا شَدِيدًا وَيَنْظُرُ إلَى أَشْيَاءَ مِنْ جَسَدِهِ، قَدْ كَانَ يَجِدُهَا عِنْدَهُ مِنْ صِفَتِهِ، حَتَّى إذَا فَرَغَ الْقَوْمُ مِنْ طَعَامِهِمْ وَتَفَرَّقُوا، قَامَ إلَيْهِ بَحِيرَى، فَقَالَ ( لَهُ ): يَا غُلَامُ، أَسْأَلُكَ بِحَقِّ اللَّاتِ وَالْعُزَّى إلَّا مَا أَخْبَرْتَنِي عَمَّا أَسْأَلُكَ عَنْهُ؛ وَإِنَّمَا قَالَ لَهُ بَحِيرَى ذَلِكَ، لِأَنَّهُ سَمِعَ قَوْمَهُ يَحْلِفُونَ بِهِمَا. فَزَعَمُوا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ ( لَهُ ): لَا تَسْأَلْنِي بِاَللَّاتِ وَالْعُزَّى، فَوَاَللَّهِ مَا أَبْغَضْتُ شَيْئًا قَطُّ بُغْضَهُمَا، فَقَالَ لَهُ بَحِيرَى: فَبِاَللَّهِ إلَّا مَا أَخْبَرْتَنِي عَمَّا أَسْأَلُكَ عَنْهُ؛ فَقَالَ لَهُ: سَلْنِي عَمَّا بَدَا لَكَ. فَجَعَلَ يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ أَشْيَاءَ مِنْ حَالِهِ فِي نَوْمِهِ وَهَيْئَتِهِ وَأُمُورِهِ؛ فَجَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُخْبِرُهُ، فَيُوَافِقُ ذَلِكَ مَا عِنْدَ بَحِيرَى مِنْ صِفَتِهِ، ثُمَّ نَظَرَ إلَى ظَهْرِهِ، فَرَأَى خَاتَمَ النُّبُوَّةِ بَيْنَ كَتِفَيْهِ عَلَى مَوْضِعِهِ مِنْ صِفَتِهِ الَّتِي عِنْدَهُ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَكَانَ مِثْلَ أَثَرِ الْمِحْجَمِ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ، أَقْبَلَ عَلَى عَمِّهِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: مَا هَذَا الْغُلَامُ مِنْكَ ؟ قَالَ: ابْنِي. قَالَ لَهُ بَحِيرَى: مَا هُوَ بِابْنِكَ، وَمَا يَنْبَغِي لِهَذَا الْغُلَامِ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَبُوهُ حَيًّا؛ قَالَ: فَإِنَّهُ ابْنُ أَخِي؛ قَالَ: فَمَا فَعَلَ أَبُوهُ ؟ قَالَ: مَاتَ وَأُمُّهُ حُبْلَى بِهِ؛ قَالَ: صَدَقْتَ، فَارْجِعْ بِابْنِ أَخِيكَ إلَى بَلَدِهِ، وَاحْذَرْ عَلَيْهِ يَهُودَ، فَوَاَللَّهِ لَئِنْ رَأَوْهُ وَعَرَفُوا مِنْهُ مَا عَرَفْتُ لَيَبْغُنَّهُ شَرًّا، فَإِنَّهُ كَائِنٌ لَابْنِ أَخِيكَ هَذَا شَأْنٌ عَظِيمٌ، فَأَسْرِعْ بِهِ إلَى بِلَادِهِ.
✧ The Story of Baḥīrā [The halting of Abū Ṭālib and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at Buḥayrā] Ibn Isḥāq said: Then Abū Ṭālib set out in a caravan as a merchant to Syria. When he had made ready for departure and resolved upon the journey, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ clung to him—so they allege—and Abū Ṭālib felt compassion for him and said: By Allah, I will take him out with me, and he shall not part from me, nor I from him, ever—or as he said. So he took him out with him. When the caravan halted at Buṣrā in the land of Syria, there was a monk called Baḥīrā in his cell, and he had knowledge of the people of Christianity. There had never ceased to be a monk in that cell, to whom their knowledge came from a book in it, as they allege, which they inherited from one generation to the next. When they halted that year at Baḥīrā—and they had passed by him many times before without his speaking to them or presenting himself to them—when they halted near his cell that year, he prepared for them abundant food. That was, as they allege, because of something he saw while he was in his cell. They allege that he saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, while he was in his cell, in the caravan when they approached, and a cloud was shading him from among the people. He said: Then they approached and halted in the shade of a tree close to him. He looked at the cloud when it shaded the tree, and the branches of the tree lowered themselves over the Messenger of Allah ﷺ until he was shaded beneath them. When Baḥīrā saw that, he descended from his cell and sent to them, saying: I have prepared food for you, O company of Quraysh, and I would like all of you to attend, young and old, slave and free. A man among them said to him: By Allah, O Baḥīrā, you have some matter today; you never used to do this with us, and we have passed by you often. What is your matter today? Baḥīrā said to him: You are right; what you say is true. But you are guests, and I wished to honor you and prepare food for you so that you may all eat of it. So they gathered to him, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stayed behind from among the people, because of his young age, in the baggage of the people under the tree. When Baḥīrā looked at the people, he did not see the description that he knew and had with him, so he said: O company of Quraysh, let none of you remain behind from my food. They said to him: O Baḥīrā, no one has remained behind from you who ought to come to you except a boy, and he is the youngest of the people in age, so he remained behind in their baggage. He said: Do not do so; call him, so that he may attend this food with you. He said: A man of Quraysh who was with the people said: By al-Lāt and al-ʿUzzā, it is indeed a disgrace to us that the son of ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib should remain behind from food from among us. Then he went to him, embraced him, and seated him with the people. When Baḥīrā saw him, he began to gaze at him intensely and to look at things in his body that he had found with him in his description, until when the people finished their food and dispersed, Baḥīrā went up to him and said: O boy, I ask you by al-Lāt and al-ʿUzzā, unless you tell me about what I ask you. He only said that to him because he had heard his people swearing by them. They allege that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him: Do not ask me by al-Lāt and al-ʿUzzā, for by Allah, I have never hated anything as much as I hate them. Baḥīrā said to him: Then by Allah, unless you tell me about what I ask you. He said to him: Ask me about whatever seems good to you. He began to ask him about things concerning his state in his sleep, his appearance, and his affairs. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ began to tell him, and that agreed with what Baḥīrā had with him of his description. Then he looked at his back and saw the seal of prophethood between his shoulders, in the place that was in his description that he had with him. Ibn Hishām said: It was like the mark of the cupping-glass. Ibn Isḥāq said: When he had finished, he turned to his uncle Abū Ṭālib and said: What is this boy to you? He said: My son. Baḥīrā said: He is not your son, and it is not fitting for this boy that his father should be alive. He said: He is my brother's son. He said: What happened to his father? He said: He died while his mother was pregnant with him. He said: You have spoken truly. Return with your brother's son to his country, and beware of the Jews concerning him, for by Allah, if they see him and recognize in him what I recognize, they will surely seek evil for him. For there is a great matter in store for this brother's son of yours, so hasten with him to his country.
Sirat Ibn Hisham 210No grade recorded
[ رُجُوعُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَمَا كَانَ مِنْ زُرَيْرٍ وَصَاحِبِيهِ ] فَخَرَجَ بِهِ عَمُّهُ أَبُو طَالِبٍ سَرِيعًا حَتَّى أَقْدَمَهُ مَكَّةَ حَيْنَ فَرَغَ مِنْ تِجَارَتِهِ بِالشَّامِ؛ فَزَعَمُوا فِيمَا رَوَى النَّاسُ: أَنَّ زُرَيْرًا وَتَمَّامًا وَدَرِيسًا، وَهُمْ نَفَرٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ، قَدْ كَانُوا رَأَوْا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِثْلَ مَا رَآهُ بَحِيرَى فِي ذَلِكَ السَّفَرِ، الَّذِي كَانَ فِيهِ مَعَ عَمِّهِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، فَأَرَادُوهُ فَرَدَّهُمْ عَنْهُ بَحِيرَى، وَذَكَّرَهُمْ اللَّهَ وَمَا يَجِدُونَ فِي الْكِتَابِ مِنْ ذِكْرِهِ وَصِفَتِهِ، وَأَنَّهُمْ إنْ أَجْمَعُوا لِمَا أَرَادُوا بِهِ لَمْ يَخْلُصُوا إلَيْهِ وَلَمْ يَزَلْ بِهِمْ حَتَّى عَرَفُوا مَا قَالَ لَهُمْ، وَصَدَّقُوهُ بِمَا قَالَ، فَتَرَكُوهُ وَانْصَرَفُوا عَنْهُ: فَشَبَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَاَللَّهُ تَعَالَى يَكْلَؤُهُ وَيَحْفَظُهُ وَيَحُوطُهُ مِنْ أَقْذَارِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، لِمَا يُرِيدُ بِهِ مِنْ كَرَامَتِهِ وَرِسَالَتِهِ، حَتَّى بَلَغَ أَنْ كَانَ رَجُلًا، وَأَفْضَلَ قَوْمِهِ مُرُوءَةً، وَأَحْسَنَهُمْ خُلُقًا، وَأَكْرَمَهُمْ حَسَبًا، وَأَحْسَنَهُمْ جِوَارًا، وَأَعْظَمَهُمْ حِلْمًا، وَأَصْدَقَهُمْ حَدِيثًا، وَأَعْظَمَهُمْ أَمَانَةً، وَأَبْعَدَهُمْ مِنْ الْفُحْشِ وَالْأَخْلَاقِ الَّتِي تُدَنِّسُ الرِّجَالَ، تَنَزُّهًا وَتَكَرُّمًا، حَتَّى مَا اسْمُهُ فِي قَوْمِهِ إلَّا الْأَمِينُ، لِمَا جَمَعَ اللَّهُ فِيهِ مِنْ الْأُمُورِ الصَّالِحَةِ
✧ His uncle Abū Ṭālib departed with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ quickly, bringing him back to Makkah as soon as he had finished his trade in Syria. They claim, according to what people have narrated, that Zurayr, Tammām, and Darīs, who were a group from the People of the Book, had seen the Messenger of Allah ﷺ the same as Baḥīrā had seen him on that journey, which he took with his uncle Abū Ṭālib. They wanted him, but Baḥīrā turned them away from him, reminding them of Allah and of what they find in the Book concerning his mention and his description, and that if they agreed upon what they intended for him, they would not reach him. He did not cease with them until they recognized what he said to them and believed him in what he said, so they left him and turned away from him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ grew up, and Allah Almighty protected him, guarded him, and shielded him from the filth of the Age of Ignorance, for the honor and messengership He intended for him, until he became a man, the best of his people in manly virtue, the finest of them in character, the noblest of them in lineage, the best of them in neighborliness, the greatest of them in forbearance, the most truthful of them in speech, the greatest of them in trustworthiness, and the farthest of them from obscenity and the morals that defile men, out of purity and nobility, until his name among his people was none other than al-Amīn, because of the good qualities Allah had gathered in him.
Sirat Ibn Hisham 211No grade recorded
[ حَدِيثُهُ ﷺ عَنْ عِصْمَةِ اللَّهِ لَهُ فِي طُفُولَتِهِ ] وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ - فِيمَا ذُكِرَ لِي - يُحَدِّثُ عَمَّا كَانَ اللَّهُ يَحْفَظُهُ بِهِ فِي صِغَرِهِ وَأَمْرِ جَاهِلِيَّتِهِ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَقَدْ رَأَيْتنِي فِي غِلْمَانِ قُرَيْشٍ نَنْقُلُ حِجَارَةً لِبَعْضِ مَا يَلْعَبُ بِهِ الْغِلْمَانُ، كُلُّنَا قَدْ تَعَرَّى، وَأَخَذَ إزَارَهُ فَجَعَلَهُ عَلَى رَقَبَتِهِ، يَحْمِلُ عَلَيْهِ الْحِجَارَةَ؛ فَإِنِّي لَأُقْبِلُ مَعَهُمْ كَذَلِكَ وَأُدْبِرُ، إذْ لَكَمَنِي لَاكِمٌ مَا أَرَاهُ، لَكْمَةً وَجِيعَةً، ثُمَّ قَالَ: شُدَّ عَلَيْكَ إزَارَكَ؛ قَالَ: فَأَخَذْتُهُ وَشَدَدْتُهُ عَلَيَّ، ثُمَّ جَعَلْتُ أَحْمِلُ الْحِجَارَةَ عَلَى رَقَبَتِي وَإِزَارِي عَلَيَّ مِنْ بَيْنِ أَصْحَابِي
✧ [His ﷺ Account of Allah's Protection of Him in His Childhood] And the Messenger of Allah ﷺ—according to what was mentioned to me—used to relate about how Allah protected him in his childhood and during the time of his pre-Islamic affairs, that he said: I saw myself among the boys of Quraysh carrying stones for some of what the boys play with. All of us had stripped, and each took his loincloth and placed it on his neck, carrying the stones upon it. I was going back and forth with them like that, when someone whom I did not see struck me with a painful blow. Then he said: 'Tie your loincloth around you.' He said: So I took it and tied it around me, and then I carried the stones on my neck with my loincloth on me, among my companions.
Sirat Ibn Hisham 212No grade recorded
حَرْبُ الْفِجَارِ [ سَبَبُهُا ] قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً أَوْ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً، فِيمَا حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ النَّحْوِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِي عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَلَاءِ، هَاجَتْ حَرْبُ الْفُجَّارِ بَيْنَ قُرَيْشٍ، وَمَنْ مَعَهُمْ مِنْ كِنَانَةَ، وَبَيْنَ قَيْسِ عَيْلَانَ، وَكَانَ الَّذِي هَاجَهَا أَنَّ عُرْوَةَ الرَّحَّالَ بْنَ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ كِلَابِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ عَامِرِ بْنِ صَعْصَعَةَ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ بَكْرِ بْنِ هَوَازِنَ، أَجَارَ لَطِيمَةً لِلنُّعْمَانِ بْنِ الْمُنْذَرِ؛ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْبَرَّاضُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ، أَحَدُ بَنِي ضَمْرَةَ بْنِ بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَاةَ بْنِ كِنَانَةَ: أَتُجِيرُهَا عَلَى كِنَانَةَ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، وَعَلَى الْخَلْقِ ( كُلِّهِ ). فَخَرَجَ فِيهَا عُرْوَةُ الرَّحَّالُ وَخَرَجَ الْبَرَّاضُ يَطْلُبُ غَفْلَتَهُ، حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ بِتَيْمَنَ ذِي طِلَالٍ بِالْعَالِيَةِ، غَفَلَ عُرْوَةُ، فَوَثَبَ عَلَيْهِ الْبَرَّاضُ فَقَتَلَهُ فِى الشِّهْرِ الْحَرَامِ، فَلِذَلِكُ سُمِّيَ الْفِجَارُ. وَقَالَ الْبَرَّاضُ فِي ذَلِكَ:: وَدَاهِيَةٍ تَهُمُّ النَّاسَ قَبْلِي شَدَدْتُ لَهَا بَنِي بَكْرٍ ضُلُوعِي هَدَمْتُ بِهَا بُيُوتَ بَنِي كِلَابٍ وَأَرْضَعْتُ الْمَوَالِي بِالضُّرُوعِ رَفَعْتُ لَهُ بِذِى طَلَّالَ كَفِّي فَخَرَّ يَمِيدُ كَالْجِذْعِ الصَّرِيعِ وَقَالَ لَبِيدُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ جَعْفْرِ بْنِ كِلَابٍ:: أَبْلِغْ إِنْ عَرَضْتَ بَنِي كِلَابٍ وَعَامِرَ وَالْخُطُوبُ لَهَا مَوَالِي وَبَلِّغْ إِنْ عَرَضْتَ بَنِي نُمَيْرٍ وَأَخْوَالَ القَتِيلِ بَنِي هِلَالِ بِأَنَّ الْوَافِدَ الرَّحَّالَ أَمْسَى مُقِيمًا عِنْدَ تَيْمَنَ ذِى طِلَالٍ وَهَذِهِ الْأَبْيَاتُ فِى أَبْيَاتٍ لَهُ فِيمَا ذَكَرَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ. [ نُشُوبُ الْحَرْبِ بَيْنَ قُرَيْشٍ وَهَوَازِنَ ] قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: فَأَتَى آتٍ قُرَيْشًا، فَقَالَ: إِنَّ الْبَرَّاضَ قَدْ قَتَلَ عُرْوَةَ، وَهُمْ فِي الشَّهْرِ الْحَرَامِ بِعُكَاظَ، فَارْتَحَلُوا وَهَوَازِنُ لَا تَشْعُرُ ( بِهِمْ )، ثُمَّ بَلَغَهُمْ الْخَبَرُ فَأَتْبَعُوهُمْ، فَأَدْرَكُوهُمْ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلُوا الْحَرَمَ، فَاقْتَتَلُوا حَتَّى جَاءَ اللَّيْلُ، وَدَخَلُوا الْحَرَمَ، فَأَمْسَكَتْ عَنْهُمْ هَوَازِنُ، ثُمَّ الْتَقَوْا بَعْدَ هَذَا الْيَوْمِ أَيَّامًا، وَالْقَوْمُ مُتَسَانَدُونَ عَلَى كُلِّ قَبِيلٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَكِنَانَةَ رَئِيسٌ مِنْهُمْ، وَعَلَى كُلِّ قَبِيلٍ مِنْ قَيْسٍ رَئِيسٌ مِنْهُمْ. [ حُضُورُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ صَغِيرٌ فِيهَا وَعُمْرُهُ ] وَشَهِدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَعْضَ أَيَّامِهِمْ، أَخْرَجَهُ أَعْمَامُهُ مَعَهُمْ. وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: كُنْتُ أَنْبُلُ عَلَى أَعْمَامِي: أَيْ أَرُدُّ عَلَيْهِمْ نَبْلَ عَدُوِّهِمْ إذَا رَمَوْهُمْ بِهَا. [ سَبَبُ تَسْمِيَتِهَا بِذَلِكَ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: هَاجَتْ حَرْبُ الْفُجَّارِ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ابْنُ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً. وَإِنَّمَا سُمِّيَ يَوْمَ الْفُجَّارِ، بِمَا اسْتَحَلَّ هَذَانِ الْحَيَّانِ، كِنَانَةُ وَقَيْسُ عَيْلَانَ، فِيهِ مِنْ الْمَحَارِمِ بَيْنَهُمْ. [ قُوَّادُ قُرَيْشٍ وَهَوَازِنَ فِيهَا وَنَتِيجَتُهَا ] وَكَانَ قَائِدُ قُرَيْشٍ وَكِنَانَةَ حَرْبُ ( بْنُ ) أُمِّيَّةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ شَمْسٍ، وَكَانَ الظَّفَرُ فِي أَوَّلِ النَّهَارِ لِقَيْسٍ عَلَى كِنَانَةَ، حَتَّى إذَا كَانَ فِي وَسَطِ النَّهَارِ كَانَ الظَّفَرُ لِكِنَانَةِ عَلَى قِيسٍ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَحَدِيثُ الْفُجَّارِ أَطْوَلُ مِمَّا ذَكَرْتُ، وَإِنَّمَا مَنَعَنِي مِنْ اسْتِقْصَائِهِ قَطْعُهُ حَدِيثَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ.
✧ The War of al-Fijār [its cause] Ibn Hishām said: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ reached fourteen years of age or fifteen years, according to what Abū ʿUbaydah al-Naḥwī narrated to me, from Abū ʿAmr b. al-ʿAlāʾ, the War of al-Fijār broke out between Quraysh, along with those of Kinānah who were with them, and Qays ʿAylān. The cause of its outbreak was that ʿUrwah al-Raḥḥāl b. ʿUtbah b. Jaʿfar b. Kilāb b. Rabīʿah b. ʿĀmir b. Ṣaʿṣaʿah b. Muʿāwiyah b. Bakr b. Hawāzin granted protection to a caravan of al-Nuʿmān b. al-Mundhir. Al-Barrāḍ b. Qays, one of the Banū Ḍamrah b. Bakr b. ʿAbd Manāh b. Kinānah, said to him: 'Do you grant it protection against Kinānah?' He said: 'Yes, and against all creation.' So ʿUrwah al-Raḥḥāl set out with it, and al-Barrāḍ set out seeking an opportunity to catch him off guard, until when he was at Tayman Dhī Ṭilāl in al-ʿĀliyah, ʿUrwah became heedless, so al-Barrāḍ sprang upon him and killed him in the sacred month. For that reason it was called al-Fijār (the Sacrilege). Al-Barrāḍ said about that: And a calamity that concerns the people before me, I prepared for it my ribs [i.e., my strength] among Banū Bakr. With it I demolished the houses of Banū Kilāb, And I suckled the allies with the udders. I raised my hand to him at Dhū Ṭilāl, And he fell swaying like a felled palm trunk. Labīd b. Rabīʿah b. Mālik b. Jaʿfar b. Kilāb said: Convey, if you present yourself to Banū Kilāb, And ʿĀmir, while the vicissitudes have their successive turns, And convey, if you present yourself to Banū Numayr, And the maternal uncles of the slain one, Banū Hilāl, That the visitor, al-Raḥḥāl, has become Dwelling at Tayman Dhī Ṭilāl. These verses are among other verses of his, as Ibn Hishām mentioned. [The outbreak of war between Quraysh and Hawāzin] Ibn Hishām said: A herald came to Quraysh and said: 'Al-Barrāḍ has killed ʿUrwah, and they are in the sacred month at ʿUkāẓ.' So they departed while Hawāzin were unaware of them. Then the news reached them, and they pursued them, and overtook them before they could enter the sanctuary. They fought until night came, and they entered the sanctuary, so Hawāzin desisted from them. Then after that day they met on other days, with the people arrayed in supporting groups: over every tribe of Quraysh and Kinānah there was a chief from among them, and over every tribe of Qays there was a chief from among them. [The presence of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in it while he was young, and his age] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ witnessed some of their days; his paternal uncles took him out with them. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'I was handing arrows to my paternal uncles,' that is, returning to them the arrows of their enemy when they shot at them. [The reason for naming it thus] Ibn Isḥāq said: The War of al-Fijār broke out when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was twenty years old. It was named the Day of al-Fijār because of what these two clans, Kinānah and Qays ʿAylān, made permissible of the sacred prohibitions between them during it. [The commanders of Quraysh and Hawāzin in it and its outcome] The commander of Quraysh and Kinānah was Ḥarb b. Umayyah b. ʿAbd Shams. The victory at the beginning of the day belonged to Qays over Kinānah, until when it was the middle of the day, the victory belonged to Kinānah over Qays. Ibn Hishām said: The account of al-Fijār is longer than what I have mentioned, and the only thing that prevented me from giving it in full is that it would interrupt the account of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
Sirat Ibn Hisham 213No grade recorded
قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَحَدِيثُ الْفُجَّارِ أَطْوَلُ مِمَّا ذَكَرْتُ، وَإِنَّمَا مَنَعَنِي مِنْ اسْتِقْصَائِهِ قَطْعُهُ حَدِيثَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ.
✧ Ibn Hishām said: The account of al-Fijār is longer than what I have mentioned. Only the fact that it interrupts the account of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prevented me from giving it in full.