Sahih al-Bukhari 3159
al-Jizya taken from the Dhimmi
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حَدَّثَنَا الْفَضْلُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الرَّقِّيُّ حَدَّثَنَا الْمُعْتَمِرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ الثَّقَفِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا بَكْرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْمُزَنِيُّ وَزِيَادُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ عَنْ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ حَيَّةَ قَالَ
بَعَثَ عُمَرُ النَّاسَ فِي أَفْنَاءِ الأَمْصَارِ يُقَاتِلُونَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَأَسْلَمَ الْهُرْمُزَانُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي مُسْتَشِيرُكَ فِي مَغَازِيَّ هَذِهِ قَالَ نَعَمْ مَثَلُهَا وَمَثَلُ مَنْ فِيهَا مِنَ النَّاسِ مِنْ عَدُوِّ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مَثَلُ طَائِرٍ لَهُ رَأْسٌ وَلَهُ جَنَاحَانِ وَلَهُ رِجْلاَنِ فَإِنْ كُسِرَ أَحَدُ الْجَنَاحَيْنِ نَهَضَتِ الرِّجْلاَنِ بِجَنَاحٍ وَالرَّأْسُ فَإِنْ كُسِرَ الْجَنَاحُ الآخَرُ نَهَضَتِ الرِّجْلاَنِ وَالرَّأْسُ وَإِنْ شُدِخَ الرَّأْسُ ذَهَبَتِ الرِّجْلاَنِ وَالْجَنَاحَانِ وَالرَّأْسُ فَالرَّأْسُ كِسْرَى وَالْجَنَاحُ قَيْصَرُ وَالْجَنَاحُ الآخَرُ فَارِسُ فَمُرِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَلْيَنْفِرُوا إِلَى كِسْرَى وَقَالَ بَكْرٌ وَزِيَادٌ جَمِيعًا عَنْ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ حَيَّةَ قَالَ فَنَدَبَنَا عُمَرُ وَاسْتَعْمَلَ عَلَيْنَا النُّعْمَانَ بْنَ مُقَرِّنٍ حَتَّى إِذَا كُنَّا بِأَرْضِ الْعَدُوِّ وَخَرَجَ عَلَيْنَا عَامِلُ كِسْرَى فِي أَرْبَعِينَ أَلْفًا فَقَامَ تُرْجُمَانٌ فَقَالَ لِيُكَلِّمْنِي رَجُلٌ مِنْكُمْ فَقَالَ الْمُغِيرَةُ سَلْ عَمَّا شِئْتَ قَالَ مَا أَنْتُمْ قَالَ نَحْنُ أُنَاسٌ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ كُنَّا فِي شَقَاءٍ شَدِيدٍ وَبَلاَءٍ شَدِيدٍ نَمَصُّ الْجِلْدَ وَالنَّوَى مِنَ الْجُوعِ وَنَلْبَسُ الْوَبَرَ وَالشَّعَرَ وَنَعْبُدُ الشَّجَرَ وَالْحَجَرَ فَبَيْنَا نَحْنُ كَذَلِكَ إِذْ بَعَثَ رَبُّ السَّمَوَاتِ وَرَبُّ الأَرَضِينَ تَعَالَى ذِكْرُهُ وَجَلَّتْ عَظَمَتُهُ إِلَيْنَا نَبِيًّا مِنْ أَنْفُسِنَا نَعْرِفُ أَبَاهُ وَأُمَّهُ فَأَمَرَنَا نَبِيُّنَا رَسُولُ رَبِّنَا ﷺ أَنْ نَقَاتِلَكُمْ حَتَّى تَعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَحْدَهُ أَوْ تُؤَدُّوا الْجِزْيَةَ وَأَخْبَرَنَا نَبِيُّنَا ﷺ عَنْ رِسَالَةِ رَبِّنَا أَنَّهُ مَنْ قُتِلَ مِنَّا صَارَ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ فِي نَعِيمٍ لَمْ يَرَ مِثْلَهَا قَطُّ وَمَنْ بَقِيَ مِنَّا مَلَكَ رِقَابَكُمْ فَقَالَ النُّعْمَانُ رُبَّمَا أَشْهَدَكَ اللَّهُ مِثْلَهَا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَلَمْ يُنَدِّمْكَ وَلَمْ يُخْزِكَ وَلَكِنِّي شَهِدْتُ الْقِتَالَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا لَمْ يُقَاتِلْ فِي أَوَّلِ النَّهَارِ انْتَظَرَ حَتَّى تَهُبَّ الأَرْوَاحُ وَتَحْضُرَ الصَّلَوَاتُ
Translation
Chain of narrators
- al-Faḍl b. Yaʿqūb
- ʿAbdullāh b. Jaʿfar al-Raqqī
- al-Muʿtamir b. Sulaymān
- Saʿīd b. ʿUbaydullāh al-Thaqafī
- Bakr b. ʿAbdullāh al-Muzanī and Ziyād b. Jubayr
- Jubayr b. Ḥayyah
ʿUmar sent the Muslims to the great countries to fight the pagans. When Al-Hurmuzan embraced Islam, ʿUmar said to him. "I would like to consult you regarding these countries which I intend to invade." Al-Hurmuzan said, "Yes, the example of these countries and their inhabitants who are the enemies. of the Muslims, is like a bird with a head, two wings and two legs; If one of its wings got broken, it would get up over its two legs, with one wing and the head; and if the other wing got broken, it would get up with two legs and a head, but if its head got destroyed, then the two legs, two wings and the head would become useless. The head stands for Khosrau, and one wing stands for Caesar and the other wing stands for Faris. So, order the Muslims to go towards Khosrau." So, ʿUmar sent us (to Khosrau) appointing An-Nuʿman bin Muqrin as our commander. When we reached the land of the enemy, the representative of Khosrau came out with forty-thousand warriors, and an interpreter got up saying, "Let one of you talk to me!" Al-Mughira replied, "Ask whatever you wish." The other asked, "Who are you?" Al-Mughira replied, "We are some people from the Arabs; we led a hard, miserable, disastrous life: we used to suck the hides and the date stones from hunger; we used to wear clothes made up of fur of camels and hair of goats, and to worship trees and stones. While we were in this state, the Lord of the Heavens and the Earths, Elevated is His Remembrance and Majestic is His Highness, sent to us from among ourselves a Prophet whose father and mother are known to us. Our Prophet, the Messenger of our Lord, has ordered us to fight you till you worship Allah Alone or give Jizya (i.e. tribute); and our Prophet has informed us that our Lord says:-- "Whoever amongst us is killed (i.e. martyred), shall go to Paradise to lead such a luxurious life as he has never seen, and whoever amongst us remain alive, shall become your master." (Al-Mughira, then blamed An-Nuʿman for delaying the attack and) An-Nu' man said to Al-Mughira, "If you had participated in a similar battle, in the company of Messenger of Allah ﷺ he would not have blamed you for waiting, nor would he have disgraced you. But I accompanied Allah's Apostle in many battles and it was his custom that if he did not fight early by daytime, he would wait till the wind had started blowing and the time for the prayer was due (i.e. after midday).
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| al-Bukhari | Sound | hadithunlocked |
|---|
Same hadith, other wordings
- Misykatul Mashabih 3932وَعَن النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ مُقَرِّنٍ قَالَ: شَهِدْتُ الْقِتَالَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَكَانَ إِذَا لَمْ يُقَاتِلْ أَوَّلَ النَّهَارِ انْتَظَرَ حَتَّى تهب الْأَرْوَاح وتحضر الصَّلَاة. رَوَاهُ البُخَارِيّ
- Shahih al-Bukhari 3160بَعَثَ عُمَرُ النَّاسَ فِي أَفْنَاءِ الأَمْصَارِ يُقَاتِلُونَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ، فَأَسْلَمَ الْهُرْمُزَانُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي مُسْتَشِيرُكَ فِي مَغَازِيَّ هَذِهِ. قَالَ نَعَمْ، مَثَلُهَا وَمَثَلُ مَنْ فِيهَا مِنَ النَّاسِ مِنْ عَدُوِّ الْمُسْلِمِي
Other narrations of this report
al-Mu'jam al-Kabir (al-Tabarani) 12013al-Mu'jam al-Awsat 1005al-Mu'jam al-Awsat 9328al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 6472al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 5225
Narrators
- a well-known Companiond. 15 AH, or: 21 AHالنُّعْمَان بْن مُقَرِّن بْن عَائِذ الْمُزَنِيّصحابي مشهورفقال
- trustworthy (thiqah), eminentd. during the caliphate of ʿAbd al-Malik b. Marwānجُبَيْرِ بْنِ حَيَّةَثقة جليلعن
- Trustworthy (thiqah), firmly established (thabt), eminent (jalīl).d. 106 AH or 108 AHبَكْرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْمُزَنِيُّثقة ثبت جليلحدثنا
- truthful (ṣadūq), who sometimes made mistakes (rubbamā wahima)سَعِيدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ الثَّقَفِيُّصدوق ربما وهمحدثنا
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. 186 AH, or: 187 AH, or: 188 AHالْمُعْتَمِرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَثقةحدثنا
- trustworthy (thiqah), but he changed at the end of his life, though his confusion (ikhtilāṭ) was not severed. 220 AHعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الرَّقِّيُّثقة ، لكنه تغير بآخره فلم يفحش اختلاطهحدثنا
- trustworthy, a memorizer (thiqah ḥāfiẓ)d. 258 AHالْفَضْلُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَثقة حافظحدثنا
- a mountain of memorization and the leader of the world in the comprehension of hadith (jabal al-ḥifẓ wa-imām al-dunyā fī fiqh al-ḥadīth)d. 256 AHالْبُخَارِيُّجبل الحفظ وإمام الدنيا في فقه الحديث
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.
Commentaries
Mirqāt al-Mafātīḥ (al-Mullā ʿAlī Qārī)
Lamaʿāt al-Tanqīḥ (ʿAbd al-Ḥaqq al-Dihlawī)
Fatḥ al-Bārī (Ibn Ḥajar)
ʿUmdat al-Qārī (Badr al-Dīn al-ʿAynī)
Read them on Hadith Unlocked