al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 991
✧ Chapters on Ghusl from Janabah
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أَخْبَرَنَا ) أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، ثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ قُتَيْبَةَ، ثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى، أَنَا أَبُو خَيْثَمَةَ. ( قَالَ: وَحَدَّثَنَا ) مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى، ثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُونُسَ، ثَنَا زُهَيْرٌ ( قَالَ: وَحَدَّثَنَا ) أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، وَاللَّفْظُ لَهُ، ثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مِلْحَانَ، ثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ خَالِدٍ، ثَنَا زُهَيْرٌ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ:
سَأَلْتُ الْأَسْوَدَ بْنَ يَزِيدَ، وَكَانَ لِي جَارًا وَصَدِيقًا، عَمَّا حَدَّثَتْهُ عَائِشَةُ عَنْ صَلَاةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ: قَالَتْ: كَانَ يَنَامُ أَوَّلَ اللَّيْلِ وَيُحْيِي آخِرَهُ، ثُمَّ إِنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ حَاجَةٌ قَضَى حَاجَتَهُ، ثُمَّ يَنَامُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَمَسَّ مَاءً، فَإِذَا كَانَ عِنْدَ النِّدَاءِ الْأَوَّلِ، قَالَتْ: وَثَبَ، فَلَا وَاللهِ مَا قَالَتْ قَامَ، وَأَخَذَ الْمَاءَ، وَلَا وَاللهِ مَا قَالَتِ اغْتَسَلَ، وَأَنَا أَعْلَمُ مَا تُرِيدُ، وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ حَاجَةٌ تَوَضَّأَ وُضُوءَ الرَّجُلِ لِلصَّلَاةِ ثُمَّ صَلَّى الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ
- Abū Bakr b. Isḥāq
- Ismāʿīl b. Qutaybah
- Yaḥyá b. Yaḥyá
- Abū Khaythamah
- Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb
- Yaḥyá b. Muḥammad b. Yaḥyá
- Aḥmad b. Yūnus
- Zuhayr
- Abū Bakr b. Isḥāq and -al-Lafẓ Lah
- Aḥmad b. Ibrāhīm b. Milḥān
- ʿAmr b. Khālid
- Zuhayr
- Abū Isḥāq
Machine translation, not reviewed
I asked al-Aswad b. Yazīd, who was my neighbour and friend, about what ʿĀʾishah had narrated to him about the prayer of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He said: She said: He would sleep at the beginning of the night and stay awake at its end. Then, if he had a need of his wife, he would fulfil his need, then he would sleep before touching water. Then, when it was the first call to prayer, she said: he sprang up. By Allah, she did not say "he stood up", and he took water, and by Allah, she did not say "he washed himself", and I know what she means. And if he had no need, he would perform ablution like the ablution of a man for prayer, then pray the two rakʿahs.
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What scholars said about it
In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.
- Dāraquṭnī
يشبه أن يكون الخبران أي خبر الأسود بذكر الوضوء قبل النوم على جنابة وحديث أبي إسحاق بأنه لم يمس ماء صحيحين لأن عائشة قالت ربما قدم الغسل وربما أخره
machine translationIt seems that both reports could be authentic (ṣaḥīḥ): the report of al-Aswad mentioning ablution before sleeping while in a state of janābah, and the hadith of Abū Isḥāq saying that he did not touch water, because ʿĀʾishah said: Sometimes he would bring the bathing forward and sometimes he would delay it.
in سنن البيهقي الكبرى, p. 991 - Abū Bakr Aḥmad b. al-Ḥusayn al-Bayhaqī
وأن أبا إسحاق ربما دلس فرأوها من تدليساته
machine translationAnd that Abū Isḥāq may at times have committed concealment of a source (tadlīs), so they considered it to be among his instances of tadlīs.
in سنن البيهقي الكبرى, p. 991 - Abū Bakr Aḥmad b. al-Ḥusayn al-Bayhaqī
أخرجه مسلم في الصحيح عن يحيى بن يحيى وأحمد بن يونس ثنا زهير عن أبي إسحاق دون قوله قبل أن يمس ماء وذاك لأن الحفاظ طعنوا في هذه اللفظة وتوهموها مأخوذة عن غير الأسود وأن أبا إسحاق ربما دلس فرواها من تدليساته واحتجوا على ذلك برواية النخعي وعبد الرحمن بن الأسود بخلاف رواية إسحاق قال وحديث أبي إسحاق صحيح من جهة الرواية وذلك أنه بين فيه سماعه من الأسود في رواية زهير عنه والمدلس إذا بين سماعه ممن روى عنه وكان ثقة فلا وجه لرده
machine translationMuslim recorded it in the Ṣaḥīḥ from Yaḥyā b. Yaḥyā and Aḥmad b. Yūnus, who said: Zuhayr narrated to us from Abū Isḥāq, without the words "before touching water". That is because the memorizers (ḥuffāẓ) criticised this wording and suspected it to have been taken from someone other than al-Aswad, and that Abū Isḥāq may at times have committed concealment of a source (tadlīs), so he narrated it as one of his instances of tadlīs. They argued for this with the narration of al-Nakhaʿī and ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. al-Aswad, which differs from the narration of Isḥāq. He said: The hadith of Abū Isḥāq is sound (ṣaḥīḥ) in terms of transmission, because he made clear in it his hearing from al-Aswad in the narration of Zuhayr from him, and when a mudallis makes clear his hearing from the one he narrates from, and he is trustworthy, there is no ground for rejecting it.
in سنن البيهقي الكبرى, p. 991 - al-Tirmidhi
هذا أصح من حديث أبي إسحاق كان النبي ينام وهو جنب ولا يمس ماء
machine translationThis is more authentic than the hadith of Abū Isḥāq: "The Prophet used to sleep in a state of janābah without touching water."
in سنن البيهقي الكبرى, p. 991
Other narrations of this report
Narrators
- Mother of the Believers, the most knowledgeable woman in jurisprudence absolutely (afqah al-nisāʾ muṭlaqan)d. 57 AH, or 58 AHعَائِشَةُ بِنْتُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِأم المؤمنين ، أفقه النساء مطلقاحدثته
- Mukhaḍram (lived in both the pre-Islamic and Islamic eras), trustworthy (thiqah), prolific narrator (mukthir), jurist (faqīh)d. 74 AH, or 75 AHالأسود بن يزيد النخعيمخضرم ، ثقة ، مكثر ، فقيهسألت
- Trustworthy (thiqah), a prolific narrator (mukthir), devout (ʿābid); his memory became confused (ikhtalaṭa) at the end of his lifed. Ibn ʿUyaynah said 126 AH, Yaḥyā b. Saʿīd said 127 AH, Abū Nuʿaym said 128 AH, ʿAmr b. ʿAlī said 129 AH, Ibn Maʿīn said 132 AHأَبِي إِسْحَاقَثقة مكثر عابد , اختلط بآخرهعن
- trustworthy, precise (thiqah thabt)d. 172 AH, or: 173 AH, or: 174 AH, 177 AHزُهَيْرٌثقة ثبتأنا
- trustworthy (thiqah), firmly reliable (thabt), an imam (imām).d. 226 AH, or 224 AH, or 225 AH; both of the latter two are mistaken.يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَىثقة ثبت إمام .حدثنا
- d. 284 AHإِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ قُتَيْبَةَحدثنا
- d. 342 AHأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَحدثنا
- d. 403 AH, or 405 AHأَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُأخبرنا
- d. 458 AHالبيهقي
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.