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العربية

al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 18294

✧ The collection of chapters on military expeditions

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أَخْبَرَنَا ) أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ: أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي، قَالَا: ثَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ: مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، ثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الرَّازِيُّ خَتَنُ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ، ثَنَا سَلَمَةُ، حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَيَّاشِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، وَعَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ:

شَرِبَ عَبْدُ بْنُ الْأَزْوَرِ، وَضِرَارُ بْنُ الْأَزْوَرِ، وَأَبُو جَنْدَلِ بْنُ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو بِالشَّامِ، فَأُتِيَ بِهِمْ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ ؓ قَالَ أَبُو جَنْدَلٍ: وَاللهِ مَا شَرِبْتُهَا إِلَّا عَلَى تَأْوِيلٍ، إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ اللهَ يَقُولُ: لَيْسَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ جُنَاحٌ فِيمَا طَعِمُوا إِذَا مَا اتَّقَوْا وَآمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ فَكَتَبَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ إِلَى عُمَرَ ؓ بِأَمْرِهِمْ، فَقَالَ عَبْدُ بْنُ الْأَزْوَرِ: إِنَّهُ قَدْ حَضَرَ لَنَا عَدُوُّنَا، فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنْ تُؤَخِّرَنَا إِلَى أَنْ نَلْقَى عَدُوَّنَا غَدًا فَإِنِ اللهُ أَكْرَمَنَا بِالشَّهَادَةِ، كَفَاكَ ذَاكَ وَلَمْ تُقِمْنَا عَلَى خِزَايَةٍ، وَإِنْ نَرْجِعْ نَظَرْتَ إِلَى مَا أَمَرَكَ بِهِ صَاحِبُكَ فَأَمْضَيْتَهُ. قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ ؓ فَنَعَمْ، فَلَمَّا الْتَقَى النَّاسُ قُتِلَ عَبْدُ بْنُ الْأَزْوَرِ شَهِيدًا، فَرَجَعَ الْكِتَابُ - كِتَابُ عُمَرَ ؓ إِنَّ الَّذِي أَوْقَعَ أَبَا جَنْدَلٍ فِي الْخَطِيئَةِ قَدْ تَهَيَّأَ لَهُ فِيهَا بِالْحُجَّةِ، وَإِذَا أَتَاكَ كِتَابِي هَذَا فَأَقِمْ عَلَيْهِمْ حَدَّهُمْ، وَالسَّلَامُ. فَدَعَاهُمَا أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ ؓ فَحَدَّهُمَا، وَأَبُو جَنْدَلٍ لَهُ شَرَفٌ وَلِأَبِيهِ، فَكَانَ يُحَدِّثُ نَفْسَهُ حَتَّى قِيلَ: إِنَّهُ قَدْ وَسْوَسَ، فَكَتَبَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ إِلَى عُمَرَ - ؓ: أَمَّا بَعْدُ، فَإِنِّي قَدْ ضَرَبْتُ أَبَا جَنْدَلٍ حَدَّهُ، وَإِنَّهُ قَدْ حَدَّثَ نَفْسَهُ حَتَّى قَدْ خَشِينَا عَلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ قَدْ هَلَكَ. فَكَتَبَ عُمَرُ ؓ إِلَى أَبِي جَنْدَلٍ: أَمَّا بَعْدُ، فَإِنَّ الَّذِي أَوْقَعَكَ فِي الْخَطِيئَةِ قَدْ حَزَنَ عَلَيْكَ التَّوْبَةَ ( بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ حم تَنْـزِيلُ الْكِتَابِ مِنَ اللهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْعَلِيمِ غَافِرِ الذَّنْبِ وَقَابِلِ التَّوْبِ شَدِيدِ الْعِقَابِ ذِي الطَّوْلِ لا إِلَهَ إِلا هُوَ إِلَيْهِ الْمَصِيرُ فَلَمَّا قَرَأَ كِتَابَ عُمَرَ ؓ ذَهَبَ عَنْهُ مَا كَانَ بِهِ كَأَنَّمَا أُنْشِطَ مِنْ عِقَالٍ

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ and ʾAbū Bakr Aḥmad b. al-Ḥasan al-Qāḍī
  2. Abū al-ʿAbbās Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb
  3. Muḥammad b. Isḥāq
  4. Isḥāq b. Ibrāhīm al-Rāzī Khatan Salamah b. al-Faḍl al-Anṣārī
  5. Salamah
  6. Muḥammad b. Isḥāq
  7. ʿAbd al-Raḥman b. al-Ḥārith b. ʿAbdullāh b. ʿAyyāsh b. Abū Rabīʿah
  8. ʿAbdullāh b. ʿUrwah b. al-Zubayr
  9. his father
  10. Yaḥyá b. ʿUrwah b. al-Zubayr
  11. his father

Machine translation, not reviewed

ʿAbd b. al-Azwar, Ḍirār b. al-Azwar, and Abū Jandal b. Suhayl b. ʿAmr drank [wine] in Syria, and they were brought before Abū ʿUbaydah b. al-Jarrāḥ (may God be pleased with him). Abū Jandal said: "By God, I drank it only on the basis of an interpretation. I heard God say: {لَيْسَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ جُنَاحٌ فِيمَا طَعِمُوا إِذَا مَا اتَّقَوْا وَآمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ}". So Abū ʿUbaydah wrote to ʿUmar (may God be pleased with him) about their matter. ʿAbd b. al-Azwar said: "Our enemy has come near to us. If you see fit, delay us until we meet our enemy tomorrow. If God honours us with martyrdom, that will suffice you and you will not have made us stand in disgrace; and if we return, you can look into what your master commanded you and carry it out." Abū ʿUbaydah (may God be pleased with him) said: "Yes." When the people met in battle, ʿAbd b. al-Azwar was killed as a martyr. Then the reply came back, the letter of ʿUmar (may God be pleased with him): "The one who caused Abū Jandal to fall into the sin has already prepared an argument for him in it. When this letter of mine reaches you, carry out the prescribed punishment (ḥadd) on them. Peace." So Abū ʿUbaydah (may God be pleased with him) summoned the two and applied the ḥadd to them. Abū Jandal had honour, as did his father, and he kept brooding to himself until it was said that he had been seized by obsessive thoughts. So Abū ʿUbaydah wrote to ʿUmar (may God be pleased with him): "To proceed: I have struck Abū Jandal with his ḥadd, and he has been brooding to himself so that we fear he has been destroyed." So ʿUmar (may God be pleased with him) wrote to Abū Jandal: "To proceed: the one who caused you to fall into sin has grieved over you; [call to] repentance. (In the name of God, the Most Merciful, the Most Compassionate. {حم تَنْـزِيلُ الْكِتَابِ مِنَ اللهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْعَلِيمِ غَافِرِ الذَّنْبِ وَقَابِلِ التَّوْبِ شَدِيدِ الْعِقَابِ ذِي الطَّوْلِ لا إِلَهَ إِلا هُوَ إِلَيْهِ الْمَصِيرُ}.)" When he read the letter of ʿUmar (may God be pleased with him), what had afflicted him left him, as if he had been released from a shackle.

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Narrators

  1. ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb
    Commander of the Faithful (amīr al-muʾminīn), well-known, of abundant virtues (jamm al-manāqib)d. 23 AH, also said: 24 AH
    عُمَر بْن الْخَطَّابأمير المؤمنين مشهور جم المناقب
    عن
  2. ʿUrwah b. al-Zubayr
    trustworthy (thiqah), a jurist (faqīh), well-known (mashhūr)d. 91 AH, or 92, or 93 AH, or 94 AH, or 95 AH, or 99 AH, or 100 AH, or 101 AH
    أَبِيهِثقة فقيه مشهور
    عن
  3. Yaḥyā b. ʿUrwah b. al-Zubayr
    trustworthy (thiqah)d. between 111 and 120 AH
    يَحْيَى بْنِ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِثقة
    عن
  4. Muḥammad b. Isḥāq
    Truthful (ṣadūq), he practiced concealment (yudallis), and was accused of Shiʿism (tashayyuʿ) and of belief in free will (qadar)d. ʿAmr b. ʿAlī said, and Ibrāhīm b. Muḥammad b. ʿArafah: 150 AH, Muḥammad b. Saʿd said elsewhere: al-Haytham b. ʿAdī said: 151 AH, he said: and his son said: 150 AH. Aḥmad b. Khālid al-Wahbī said: 151 AH, Yaḥyā b. Maʿīn said, and ʿAlī Ibn al-Madīnī, and Zakariyyā b. Yaḥyā al-Sājī: 152 AH, khalīfah b. Khayyāṭ said: 153 AH, 152 AH
    مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَصدوق يدلس ، ورمي بالتشيع والقدر
    حدثني
  5. Salamah b. al-Faḍl
    truthful (ṣadūq), makes many mistakesd. after 190 AH
    سَلَمَةُصدوق , كثير الخطأ
    حدثنا
  6. Isḥāq b. Ibrāhīm al-Rāzī
    إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الرَّازِيُّ
    حدثنا
  7. Muḥammad b. Isḥāq al-Ṣaghānī
    trustworthy, precise (thiqah thabt)d. 270 AH
    مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَثقة ثبت
    حدثنا
  8. Abū al-ʿAbbās Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb
    d. 346 AH
    أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ : مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ
    حدثنا
  9. Abū Bakr b. al-Ḥasan
    d. 421 AH
    وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ : أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي
    أخبرنا
  10. al-Bayhaqī
    d. 458 AH
    البيهقي

Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com

Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.

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