al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 17906
✧ The Man Who Has Two Muslim Parents or One of Them, So He Does Not Go to War Except with Their Permission
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( وَأَخْبَرَنَا ) أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ الْعَدْلُ بِبَغْدَادَ، أَنْبَأَ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ: إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ الْمُنَادِي، ثَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ، ثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ سِمَاكٍ، عَنْ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ سَعْدٍ ؓ، قَالَ:
نَزَلَتْ فِيَّ أَرْبَعُ آيَاتٍ. فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ، وَفِيهِ: قَالَ: فَقَالَتْ أُمُّ سَعْدٍ: أَلَيْسَ قَدْ أَمَرَ اللهُ بِبِرِّ الْوَالِدَةِ، فَوَاللهِ لَا أَطْعَمُ طَعَامًا، وَلَا أَشْرَبُ شَرَابًا حَتَّى تَكْفُرَ أَوْ أَمُوتَ، فَكَانُوا إِذَا أَرَادُوا أَنْ يُطْعِمُوهَا أَوْ يَسْقُوهَا شَجَرُوا فَاهَا بِعَصًا، ثُمَّ أَوْجَرُوهَا الطَّعَامَ وَالشَّرَابَ، فَنَزَلَتْ: وَوَصَّيْنَا الإِنْسَانَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ حُسْنًا وَإِنْ جَاهَدَاكَ لِتُشْرِكَ بِي مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ بِهِ عِلْمٌ فَلا تُطِعْهُمَا
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Abū al-Ḥusayn b. Bishrān al-ʿAdl Bibaghdād Anbaʾ Abū ʿAlī Ismāʿīl b. Muḥammad al-Ṣaffār
- Muḥammad b. ʿUbaydullāh al-Munādī
- And Hb b. Jarīr
- Shuʿbah
- Simāk
- Muṣʿab b. Saʿd
- Saʿd
Machine translation, not reviewed
"Four verses were revealed concerning me." Then he mentioned the hadith, and in it: He said: Umm Saʿd said: "Has Allah not commanded kindness to one's mother? By Allah, I will not eat any food nor drink any drink until you disbelieve or I die." So whenever they wanted to feed her or give her to drink, they would pry her mouth open with a stick, then pour the food and drink into her mouth. Then it was revealed: {وَوَصَّيْنَا الإِنْسَانَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ حُسْنًا وَإِنْ جَاهَدَاكَ لِتُشْرِكَ بِي مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ بِهِ عِلْمٌ فَلا تُطِعْهُمَا}
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What scholars said about it
In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.
- Dāraquṭnī
وسئل عن حديث مصعب بن سعد عن أبيه قال قالت أم سعد الطعام والشراب علي حرام حتى تكفر بمحمد فأنزل الله تعالى وإن جاهداك الآية فقال يرويه سماك بن حرب فرواه عنه شعبة والثوري وأبو عوانة عن مصعب بن سعد عن سعد وأرسله عنه داود بن أبي هند فقال عن سماك بن حرب قال قال سعد لم يذكر بينهما مصعبا وهو صحيح عن مصعب بن سعد متصلا
machine translationHe was asked about the hadith of Muṣʿab b. Saʿd, from his father, who said: Umm Saʿd said: "Food and drink are forbidden to me until you disbelieve in Muḥammad," so Allah the Exalted revealed {وَإِن جَاهَدَاكَ} (the verse). He said: Simāk b. Ḥarb narrates it. Shuʿbah, al-Thawrī and Abū ʿAwānah narrated it from him, from Muṣʿab b. Saʿd, from Saʿd. Dāwūd b. Abī Hind transmitted it as a mursal report from him, saying: from Simāk b. Ḥarb, who said: Saʿd said, without mentioning Muṣʿab between them. And it is authentic (ṣaḥīḥ) from Muṣʿab b. Saʿd with a connected chain (muttaṣil).
in سنن البيهقي الكبرى, p. 17906
Other narrations of this report
Narrators
- One of the Ten (promised Paradise), and the first to shoot an arrow in the path of Godd. 50 AH or 51 AH or 54 AH, also said: 56 AH, also said: 57 AH, also said: 58 AH. And the second is better knownسَعْد بْن أَبِي وَقَّاصأحد العشرة ، وأول من رمى بسهم في سبيل اللهعن
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. 103 AHمُصْعَبِ بْنِ سَعْدٍثقةعن
- Truthful (ṣadūq); his narrations from ʿIkrimah in particular are inconsistent (muḍṭarib); he changed (taghayyara) towards the end of his life, and at times he would accept prompting (yulaqqan).d. 123 AHسِمَاكٍصدوق , وروايته عن عكرمة خاصة مضطربة , وقد تغير بأخرة ، فكان ربما يلقنعن
- Trustworthy (thiqah), a retentive memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), meticulous (mutqin)d. 160 AHشُعْبَةُثقة حافظ , متقنحدثنا
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. 206 AH, or 207 AHوَهْبُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍثقةحدثنا
- truthful (ṣadūq)d. 272 AHمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ الْمُنَادِيصدوقحدثنا
- d. 341 AHأَبُو عَلِيٍّ : إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُأنبأ
- d. 415 AHأَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ الْعَدْلُأخبرنا
- d. 458 AHالبيهقي
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.