al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 12860
✧ Clarification of the expenditure of four-fifths of fay' after the Messenger of Allah
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( أَخْبَرَنَا ) أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ، ثَنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ، ثَنَا جَرِيرٌ، عَنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ قَالَ:
جَمَعَ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بَنِي مَرْوَانَ حِينَ اسْتُخْلِفَ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَتْ لَهُ فَدَكُ، وَكَانَ يُنْفِقُ مِنْهَا وَيَعُودُ مِنْهَا عَلَى صَغِيرِ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ، وَيُزَوِّجُ فِيهِ أَيِّمَهُمْ، وَإِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ ؓ سَأَلَتْهُ أَنْ يَجْعَلَهَا لَهَا، فَأَبَى فَكَانَتْ كَذَلِكَ فِي حَيَاةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى مَضَى لِسَبِيلِهِ، فَلَمَّا وَلِيَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ عَمِلَ فِيهَا بِمَا عَمِلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فِي حَيَاتِهِ، حَتَّى مَضَى لِسَبِيلِهِ، فَلَمَّا أَنْ وَلِيَ عُمَرُ ؓ عَمِلَ فِيهَا بِمِثْلِ مَا عَمِلَا، حَتَّى مَضَى لِسَبِيلِهِ، ثُمَّ أُقْطِعَهَا مَرْوَانُ، ثُمَّ صَارَتْ لِعُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ: فَرَأَيْتُ أَمْرًا مَنَعَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَاطِمَةَ لَيْسَ لِي بِحَقٍّ، وَأَنَا أُشْهِدُكُمْ أَنِّي قَدْ رَدَدْتُهَا عَلَى مَا كَانَتْ
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Abū ʿAlī al-Rūdhbārī
- Muḥammad b. Bakr
- Abū Dāwud
- ʿAbdullāh b. al-Jarrāḥ
- Jarīr
- al-Mughīrah
Machine translation, not reviewed
ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz gathered the Banū Marwān when he was made caliph, and said: "Fadak belonged to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He would spend from it, and return some of it to the young ones of Banū Hāshim, and with it he would arrange marriages for their unmarried. Fāṭimah ؓ asked him to give it to her, but he refused. So it remained so during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ until he passed on his way. Then when Abū Bakr ؓ took charge, he acted regarding it as the Prophet ﷺ had acted during his lifetime, until he passed on his way. Then when ʿUmar ؓ took charge, he acted regarding it in the same manner as the two of them had acted, until he passed on his way. Then it was granted as an estate to Marwān, and then it came to ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz." ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz said: "I saw that a matter which the Messenger of Allah ﷺ withheld from Fāṭimah is not rightfully mine, and I call you to witness that I have returned it to what it was."
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Narrators
- He was with Sulaymān like a minister (wazīr), and he assumed the caliphate after him, so he is counted among the rightly guided caliphs.d. 99 AH, or 101 AH, or 102 AHعُمَر بْن عَبْد الْعَزِيز بْن مَرْوَانوكان مع سليمان كالوزير وولي الخلافة بعده فعد مع الخلفاء الراشدينفي حكم العنعنة
- Trustworthy (thiqah) and meticulous (mutqin), except that he used to practise concealment (tadlīs), especially from Ibrāhīmd. 132 AH, or: 133 AH, or: 134 AH, or: 136 AHالْمُغِيرَةِثقة متقن إلا أنه كان يدلس ولا سيما عن إبراهيمعن
- Trustworthy (thiqah), his book is sound (ṣaḥīḥ al-kitāb); it was said that at the end of his life he would err when narrating from memoryd. 187 AH or 188 AHجَرِيرٌثقة صحيح الكتاب ، قيل : كان في آخر عمره يهم من حفظهحدثنا
- truthful (ṣadūq), makes mistakes (yukhṭiʾ)d. 232 AH, or 237 AHعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِصدوق يخطئحدثنا
- Trustworthy (thiqah), a memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), the compiler of the Sunan and other works, one of the senior scholars.d. 275 AHأَبُو دَاوُدَثقة ، حافظ , مصنف السنن وغيرها ، من كبار العلماءحدثنا
- d. 346 AHمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍأنا
- d. 403 AHأَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّأخبرنا
- d. 458 AHالبيهقي
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.