Dalil

Musnad Ahmad 21119

✧ Abdullah b. Abbas, on the authority of Abu b. Ka'b

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حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ حَدَّثَنِي هِشَامُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ فِي تَفْسِيرِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ الَّذِي أَمْلَاهُ عَلَيْهِمْ أَخْبَرَنِي يَعْلَى بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ وَعَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ يَزِيدُ أَحَدُهُمَا عَلَى الْآخِرِ وَغَيْرُهُمَا قَالَ قَدْ سَمِعْتُ يُحَدِّثُهُ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ قَالَ إِنَّا لَعِنْدَ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي بَيْتِهِ إِذْ قَالَ

إِنَّا لَعِنْدَ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي بَيْتِهِ إِذْ قَالَ: سَلُونِي. فَقُلْتُ: أَبَا عَبَّاسٍ - جَعَلَنِي اللهُ فِدَاكَ - بِالْكُوفَةِ رَجُلٌ قَاصٌّ يُقَالُ لَهُ: نَوْفٌ، يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ مُوسَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ ! أَمَّا عَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ، فَقَالَ: كَذَبَ عَدُوُّ اللهِ. وَأَمَّا يَعْلَى بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، فَقَالَ: قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: حَدَّثَنِي أُبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: إِنَّ مُوسَى رَسُولَ اللهِ [عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ] ذَكَّرَ النَّاسَ يَوْمًا، حَتَّى إِذَا فَاضَتِ الْعُيُونُ، وَرَقَّتِ الْقُلُوبُ وَلَّى، فَأَدْرَكَهُ رَجُلٌ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، هَلْ فِي الْأَرْضِ أَحَدٌ أَعْلَمُ مِنْكَ؟ قَالَ: لَا. قَالَ: فَعُتِبَ عَلَيْهِ؛ إِذْ لَمْ يَرُدَّ الْعِلْمَ إِلَى اللهِ [تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى]، فَأَوْحَى اللهُ إِلَيْهِ: أَنَّ لِي عَبْدًا أَعْلَمُ مِنْكَ. قَالَ: أَيْ رَبِّ، وَأَيْنَ ؟ قَالَ: مَجْمَعُ الْبَحْرَيْنِ. قَالَ: أَيْ رَبِّ، اجْعَلْ لِي عَلَمًا أَعْلَمُ ذَلِكَ بِهِ، قَالَ لِي عَمْرٌو: قَالَ: حَيْثُ يُفَارِقُكَ الْحُوتُ. وَقَالَ يَعْلَى: خُذْ حُوتًا مَيِّتًا حَيْثُ يُنْفَخُ فِيهِ الرُّوحُ. فَأَخَذَ حُوتًا فَجَعَلَهُ فِي مِكْتَلٍ، قَالَ لِفَتَاهُ: لَا أُكَلِّفُكَ إِلَّا أَنْ تُخْبِرَنِي حَيْثُ يُفَارِقُكَ الْحُوتُ. قَالَ: مَا كَلَّفْتَنِي كَثِيرًا. فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى: وَإِذْ قَالَ مُوسَى لِفَتَاهُ يُوشَعَ بْنِ نُونَ. لَيْسَتْ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ قَالَ: فَبَيْنَا هُوَ فِي ظِلِّ صَخْرَةٍ فِي مَكَانٍ ثَرْيَانٍ، إِذْ تَضَرَّبَ الْحُوتُ وَمُوسَى نَائِمٌ، قَالَ فَتَاهُ: لَا أُوقِظُهُ، حَتَّى إِذَا اسْتَيْقَظَ، نَسِيَ أَنْ يُخْبِرَهُ، وَتَضَرَّبَ الْحُوتُ حَتَّى دَخَلَ الْبَحْرَ، فَأَمْسَكَ اللهُ [تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى] عَلَيْهِ جِرْيَةَ الْبَحْرِ، حَتَّى كَأَنَّ أَثَرَهُ فِي حَجَرٍ - فَقَالَ لِي عَمْرٌو: وَكَأَنَّ أَثَرَهُ فِي حَجَرٍ، وَحَلَّقَ إِبْهَامَيْهِ وَاللَّتَيْنِ تَلِيَانِهِمَا - لَقَدْ لَقِينَا مِنْ سَفَرِنَا هَذَا نَصَبًا، قَالَ: قَدْ قَطَعَ اللهُ [تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى] عَنْكَ النَّصَبَ - لَيْسَتْ هَذِهِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ - فَأَخْبَرَهُ، فَرَجَعَا فَوَجَدَا خَضِرًا [عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ] فَقَالَ لِي عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي سُلَيْمَانَ: عَلَى طِنْفِسَةٍ خَضْرَاءَ عَلَى كَبِدِ الْبَحْرِ. قَالَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ: مُسَجًّى ثَوْبَهُ، قَدْ جَعَلَ طَرَفَهُ تَحْتَ رِجْلَيْهِ، وَطَرَفَهُ تَحْتَ رَأْسِهِ، فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ مُوسَى فَكَشَفَ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ، وَقَالَ: هَلْ بِأَرْضِكَ مِنْ سَلَامٍ؟ مَنْ أَنْتَ؟ قَالَ: أَنَا مُوسَى. قَالَ: مُوسَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: فَمَا شَأْنُكَ؟ قَالَ: جِئْتُ لِتُعَلِّمَنِي مِمَّا عُلِّمْتَ رُشْدًا. قَالَ: أَمَا يَكْفِيكَ أَنَّ أَنْبَاءَ التَّوْرَاةِ بِيَدِكَ، وَأَنَّ الْوَحْيَ يَأْتِيكَ يَا مُوسَى؟ إِنَّ لِي عِلْمًا لَا يَنْبَغِي أَنْ تَعْلَمَهُ، وَإِنَّ لَكَ عِلْمًا لَا يَنْبَغِي أَنْ أَعْلَمَهُ. فَجَاءَ طَائِرٌ فَأَخَذَ بِمِنْقَارِهِ، فَقَالَ: وَاللهِ مَا عِلْمِي وَعِلْمُكَ فِي عِلْمِ اللهِ إِلَّا كَمَا أَخَذَ هَذَا الطَّائِرُ بِمِنْقَارِهِ مِنَ الْبَحْرِ. حَتَّى إِذَا رَكِبَا فِي السَّفِينَةِ - وَجَدَا مَعَابِرَ صِغَارًا تَحْمِلُ أَهْلَ هَذَا السَّاحِلِ إِلَى هَذَا السَّاحِلِ -، عَرَفُوهُ، فَقَالُوا: عَبْدُ اللهِ الصَّالِحُ - فَقُلْنَا لِسَعِيدٍ: بِأَجْرٍ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، لَا يَحْمِلُونَهُ بِأَجْرٍ، فَخَرَقَهَا، وَدَقَّ فِيهَا وَتِدًا، قَالَ مُوسَى: أَخَرَقْتَهَا لِتُغْرِقَ أَهْلَهَا لَقَدْ جِئْتَ شَيْئًا إِمْرًا - قَالَ: قَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ نُكْرًا -، قَالَ أَلَمْ أَقُلْ إِنَّكَ لَنْ تَسْتَطِيعَ مَعِيَ صَبْرًا، وَكَانَتِ الْأُولَى نِسْيَانًا، وَالثَّانِيَةُ شَرْطًا، وَالثَّالِثَةُ عَمْدًا. قَالَ: لا تُؤَاخِذْنِي بِمَا نَسِيتُ وَلا تُرْهِقْنِي مِنْ أَمْرِي عُسْرًا. فَلَقِيَا غُلَامًا فَقَتَلَهُ. - قَالَ يَعْلَى بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ: قَالَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ: وَجَدَا غِلْمَانًا يَلْعَبُونَ، فَأَخَذَ غُلَامًا كَافِرًا كَانَ ظَرِيفًا، فَأَضْجَعَهُ، ثُمَّ ذَبَحَهُ بِالسِّكِّينِ - قَالَ: أَقَتَلْتَ نَفْسًا زَكِيَّةً لَمْ تَعْمَلْ بِالْحِنْثِ؟! فَانْطَلَقَا، فَوَجَدَا جِدَارًا يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَنْقَضَّ فَأَقَامَهُ، قَالَ سَعِيدٌ بِيَدِهِ هَكَذَا، وَرَفَعَ يَدَهُ، فَاسْتَقَامَ. قَالَ يَعْلَى: فَحَسِبْتُ أَنَّ سَعِيدًا قَالَ: فَمَسَحَهُ بِيَدِهِ، فَاسْتَقَامَ - قَالَ: لَوْ شِئْتَ لاتَّخَذْتَ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا - قَالَ سَعِيدٌ: أَجْرًا نَأْكُلُهُ -. قَالَ: وَكَانَ يَقْرَؤُهَا: وَكَانَ وَرَاءَهُمْ، وَكَانَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ يَقْرَؤُهَا: أَمَامَهُمْ مَلِكٌ. يَزْعُمُونَ عَنْ غَيْرِ سَعِيدٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: هَذَا الْغُلَامُ الْمَقْتُولُ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّ اسْمَهُ جَيْسُورُ. قَالَ: يَأْخُذُ كُلَّ سَفِينَةٍ غَصْبًا، وَأَرَادَ إِذَا مَرَّتْ بِهِ أَنْ يَدَعَهَا لِعَيْبِهَا، فَإِذَا جَاوَزُوا أَصْلَحُوهَا، فَانْتَفَعُوا بِهَا. مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَقُولُ: سَدُّوهَا بِقَارُورَةٍ، وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَقُولُ: بِالْقَارِ. وَكَانَ أَبَوَاهُ مُؤْمِنَيْنِ، وَكَانَ كَافِرًا، فَخَشِينَا أَنْ يُرْهِقَهُمَا طُغْيَانًا وَكُفْرًا، فَيَحْمِلَهُمَا حُبُّهُ عَلَى أَنْ يُتَابِعَاهُ عَلَى دِينِهِ، فَأَرَدْنَا أَنْ يُبْدِلَهُمَا رَبُّهُمَا خَيْرًا مِنْهُ زَكَاةً وَأَقْرَبَ رُحْمًا، هُمَا بِهِ أَرْحَمُ مِنْهُمَا بِالْأَوَّلِ الَّذِي قَتَلَهُ خَضِرٌ

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. ʿAbdullāh
  2. ʿAbdullāh b. Ibrāhīm al-Marwazī
  3. Hishām b. Yūsuf Fī Tafsīr Ibn Jurayj al--Adhī Amlāh ʿAlayhim
  4. Yaʿlá b. Muslim And ʿAmrū b. Dīnār
  5. Saʿīd b. Jubayr Yazīd Aḥaduhumā
  6. al-Ākhir Waghayruhumā
  7. Qad
  8. Yuḥaddithuh
  9. Saʿīd b. Jubayr
  10. Innā Laʿind ʿAbdullāh b. ʿAbbās Fī Baytih Idh

✧ We were with ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbbās in his house when he said: “Ask me.” I said: “Abā ʿAbbās, may Allah make me your ransom, in Kufa there is a storyteller called Nawf who claims that it was not Mūsā of the Children of Israel.” As for ʿAmr b. Dīnār, he said: “The enemy of Allah lied.” As for Yaʿlā b. Muslim, he said: Ibn ʿAbbās said: “Ubayy b. Kaʿb narrated to me, saying: ‘The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Mūsā, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, reminded the people one day, until when eyes overflowed and hearts softened, he turned away. A man caught up with him and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah, is there anyone on earth more knowledgeable than you?’ He said: ‘No.’ He was reproached for that, because he did not refer knowledge back to Allah (Blessed and Exalted). Allah revealed to him: ‘I have a servant more knowledgeable than you.’ He said: ‘O Lord, where?’ He said: ‘The meeting of the two seas.’ He said: ‘O Lord, make for me a sign by which I may know that.’ ʿAmr said to me: He said: ‘Where the fish leaves you.’ Yaʿlā said: ‘Take a dead fish where the spirit is breathed into it.’ So he took a fish and placed it in a basket and said to his servant: ‘I only require you to inform me where the fish leaves you.’ He said: ‘You have not required much of me.’ That is His saying, Blessed and Exalted: ‘And when Mūsā said to his servant Yūshaʿ b. Nūn.’” This is not from Saʿīd b. Jubayr. He said: “While he was in the shade of a rock in a moist place, the fish stirred while Mūsā was sleeping. His servant said: ‘I will not wake him,’ until when he woke, he forgot to inform him. The fish stirred until it entered the sea, and Allah (Blessed and Exalted) held back the flow of the sea for it, so that its trace was as if in stone.” ʿAmr said to me: “And its trace was as if in stone,” and he interlocked his thumbs and the two fingers next to them. “We have certainly met with fatigue in this journey of ours.” He said: “Allah (Blessed and Exalted) has removed fatigue from you.” This is not from Saʿīd b. Jubayr. He informed him, and they returned and found Khiḍr ﷺ. ʿUthmān b. Abī Sulaymān said to me: “On a green carpet on the surface of the sea.” Saʿīd b. Jubayr said: “Wrapped in his garment, having placed one end under his feet and the other under his head.” Mūsā greeted him, and he uncovered his face and said: “Is there peace in your land? Who are you?” He said: “I am Mūsā.” He said: “Mūsā of the Children of Israel?” He said: “Yes.” He said: “What is your business?” He said: “I have come so that you may teach me of what you have been taught, right guidance.” He said: “Is it not enough for you that the reports of the Torah are in your hand and that revelation comes to you, O Mūsā? I have knowledge that you should not know, and you have knowledge that I should not know.” A bird came and took with its beak and said: “By Allah, my knowledge and your knowledge in the knowledge of Allah are only like what this bird has taken with its beak from the sea.” Until when they boarded the ship, they found small ferries carrying the people of this shore to this shore. They recognized him and said: “The righteous servant of Allah.” We said to Saʿīd: “For a fare?” He said: “Yes, they would not carry him for a fare.” He scuttled it and drove a peg into it. Mūsā said: “Have you scuttled it to drown its people? You have certainly done a grave thing.” He said: Mujāhid said: “A terrible thing.” He said: “Did I not say that you would never be able to bear with me patiently?” The first was forgetfulness, the second a condition, and the third deliberate. He said: “Do not take me to task for what I forgot, and do not burden me in my affair with hardship.” They met a boy and he killed him. Yaʿlā b. Muslim said: Saʿīd b. Jubayr said: “They found boys playing, and he took hold of a disbelieving boy who was handsome, laid him down, and slaughtered him with a knife.” He said: “Have you killed a pure soul that had not committed sin?” They went on and found a wall about to collapse, so he set it upright. Saʿīd said with his hand like this, and he raised his hand and it straightened. Yaʿlā said: I think Saʿīd said: “He wiped it with his hand and it straightened.” He said: “If you had wished, you could have taken a payment for it.” Saʿīd said: “A payment we could eat.” He said: He used to read it: “And behind them,” and Ibn ʿAbbās used to read it: “before them was a king.” They claim on the authority of other than Saʿīd that he said: “This slain boy, they claim his name was Jaysūr.” He said: “Seizing every ship by force,” and he intended, when it passed by him, to leave it because of its defect, and when they had passed beyond, they repaired it and benefited from it. Some of them say: “They plugged it with a bottle,” and others say: “with pitch.” His parents were believers and he was a disbeliever, and we feared that he would overwhelm them with transgression and disbelief, and their love for him would carry them to follow him in his religion, so we wanted their Lord to replace him for them with one better in purity and nearer in mercy, one more merciful to them than the first whom Khiḍr killed.”’"

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