Dalil
العربية

Musnad Ahmad 21118

✧ Abdullah b. Abbas, on the authority of Abu b. Ka'b

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حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُوسَى عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ

كُنَّا عِنْدَهُ، فَقَالَ الْقَوْمُ: إِنَّ نَوْفًا الشَّامِيَّ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّ الَّذِي ذَهَبَ يَطْلُبُ الْعِلْمَ لَيْسَ مُوسَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ. وَكَانَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ مُتَّكِئًا، فَاسْتَوَى جَالِسًا، فَقَالَ: كَذَلِكَ يَا سَعِيدُ؟ قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ، أَنَا سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ ذَاكَ. فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: كَذَبَ نَوْفٌ، حَدَّثَنِي أُبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ: أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَقُولُ: رَحْمَةُ اللهِ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى صَالِحٍ، رَحْمَةُ اللهِ عَلَيْنَا، وَعَلَى أَخِي عَادٍ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: إِنَّ مُوسَى [عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ] بَيْنَا هُوَ يَخْطُبُ قَوْمَهُ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ إِذْ قَالَ لَهُمْ: مَا فِي الْأَرْضِ أَحَدٌ أَعْلَمُ مِنِّي. وَأَوْحَى اللهُ [تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى] إِلَيْهِ: إِنَّ فِي الْأَرْضِ مَنْ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ مِنْكَ، وَآيَةُ ذَلِكَ أَنْ تَزَوَّدَ حُوتًا مَالِحًا، فَإِذَا فَقَدْتَهُ، فَهُوَ حَيْثُ تَفْقِدُهُ. فَتَزَوَّدَ حُوتًا مَالِحًا، فَانْطَلَقَ هُوَ وَفَتَاهُ، حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغَ الْمَكَانَ الَّذِي أُمِرُوا بِهِ، فَلَمَّا انْتَهَوْا إِلَى الصَّخْرَةِ، انْطَلَقَ مُوسَى يَطْلُبُ، وَوَضَعَ فَتَاهُ الْحُوتَ عَلَى الصَّخْرَةِ وَاضْطَرَبَ، فَاتَّخَذَ سَبِيلَهُ فِي الْبَحْرِ سَرَبًا، قَالَ فَتَاهُ: إِذَا جَاءَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ حَدَّثْتُهُ. فَأَنْسَاهُ الشَّيْطَانُ، فَانْطَلَقَا فَأَصَابَهُمْ مَا يُصِيبُ الْمُسَافِرَ مِنَ النَّصَبِ وَالْكَلَالِ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ يُصِيبُهُ مَا يُصِيبُ الْمُسَافِرَ مِنَ النَّصَبِ وَالْكَلَالِ، حَتَّى جَاوَزَ مَا أُمِرَ بِهِ، فَقَالَ مُوسَى لِفَتَاهُ: آتِنَا غَدَاءَنَا لَقَدْ لَقِينَا مِنْ سَفَرِنَا هَذَا نَصَبًا، قَالَ لَهُ فَتَاهُ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ، أَرَأَيْتَ إِذْ أَوَيْنَا إِلَى الصَّخْرَةِ فَإِنِّي نَسِيتُ أَنْ أُحَدِّثَكَ، وَمَا أَنْسَانِيهُ إِلا الشَّيْطَانُ، فَاتَّخَذَ سَبِيلَهُ فِي الْبَحْرِ سَرَبًا، قَالَ: ذَلِكَ مَا كُنَّا نَبْغِ. فَرَجَعَا عَلَى آثَارِهِمَا قَصَصًا، يَقُصَّانِ الْأَثَرَ، حَتَّى انْتَهَيَا إِلَى الصَّخْرَةِ، فَأَطَافَ بِهَا، فَإِذَا هُوَ مُسَجًّى بِثَوْبٍ لَهُ، فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ، فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: مَنْ أَنْتَ؟ قَالَ: مُوسَى. قَالَ: مَنْ مُوسَى؟ قَالَ: مُوسَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ. قَالَ: أُخْبِرْتُ أَنَّ عِنْدَكَ عِلْمًا، فَأَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَصْحَبَكَ. قَالَ: إِنَّكَ لَنْ تَسْتَطِيعَ مَعِيَ صَبْرًا. قَالَ: سَتَجِدُنِي إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ صَابِرًا وَلا أَعْصِي لَكَ أَمْرًا. قَالَ: فَكَيْفَ تَصْبِرُ عَلَى مَا لَمْ تُحِطْ بِهِ خُبْرًا؟ قَالَ: قَدْ أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أَفْعَلَهُ. قَالَ: سَتَجِدُنِي إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ صَابِرًا. قَالَ: فَإِنِ اتَّبَعْتَنِي فَلا تَسْأَلْنِي عَنْ شَيْءٍ حَتَّى أُحْدِثَ لَكَ مِنْهُ ذِكْرًا. فَانْطَلَقَا حَتَّى إِذَا رَكِبَا فِي السَّفِينَةِ، خَرَجَ مَنْ كَانَ فِيهَا، وَتَخَلَّفَ لِيَخْرِقَهَا، قَالَ: فَقَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى: تَخْرِقُهَا لِتُغْرِقَ أَهْلَهَا لَقَدْ جِئْتَ شَيْئًا إِمْرًا، قَالَ: أَلَمْ أَقُلْ إِنَّكَ لَنْ تَسْتَطِيعَ مَعِيَ صَبْرًا ؟ قَالَ لا تُؤَاخِذْنِي بِمَا نَسِيتُ وَلا تُرْهِقْنِي مِنْ أَمْرِي عُسْرًا. فَانْطَلَقَا حَتَّى إِذَا أَتَوْا عَلَى غِلْمَانٍ يَلْعَبُونَ عَلَى سَاحِلِ الْبَحْرِ، وَفِيهِمْ غُلَامٌ لَيْسَ فِي الْغِلْمَانِ غُلَامٌ أَنْظَفَ - يَعْنِي مِنْهُ - فَأَخَذَهُ فَقَتَلَهُ، فَنَفَرَ مُوسَى [عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ] عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ، وَقَالَ: أَقَتَلْتَ نَفْسًا زَكِيَّةً بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ لَقَدْ جِئْتَ شَيْئًا نُكْرًا قَالَ أَلَمْ أَقُلْ لَكَ إِنَّكَ لَنْ تَسْتَطِيعَ مَعِيَ صَبْرًا قَالَ: فَأَخَذَتْهُ ذَمَامَةٌ مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ، وَاسْتَحْيَا، فَقَالَ: إِنْ سَأَلْتُكَ عَنْ شَيْءٍ بَعْدَهَا فَلا تُصَاحِبْنِي قَدْ بَلَغْتَ مِنْ لَدُنِّي عُذْرًا فَانْطَلَقَا حَتَّى إِذَا أَتَيَا أَهْلَ قَرْيَةٍ لِئَامًا، اسْتَطْعَمَا أَهْلَهَا، وَقَدْ أَصَابَ مُوسَى [عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ] جَهْدٌ، فَلَمْ يُضَيِّفُوهُمَا، فَوَجَدَا فِيهَا جِدَارًا يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَنْقَضَّ فَأَقَامَهُ، قَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى مِمَّا نَزَلَ بِهِمْ مِنَ الْجَهْدِ: لَوْ شِئْتَ لاتَّخَذْتَ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا قَالَ هَذَا فِرَاقُ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنِكَ. فَأَخَذَ مُوسَى [عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ] بِطَرَفِ ثَوْبِهِ فَقَالَ: حَدِّثْنِي. فَقَالَ: أَمَّا السَّفِينَةُ فَكَانَتْ لِمَسَاكِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ فِي الْبَحْرِ وَكَانَ وَرَاءَهُمْ مَلِكٌ يَأْخُذُ كُلَّ سَفِينَةٍ غَصْبًا، فَإِذَا مَرَّ عَلَيْهَا، فَرَآهَا مُنْخَرِقَةً، تَرَكَهَا، وَرَقَّعَهَا أَهْلُهَا بِقِطْعَةِ خَشَبَةٍ، فَانْتَفَعُوا بِهَا. وَأَمَّا الْغُلَامُ، فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ طُبِعَ يَوْمَ طُبِعَ كَافِرًا، وَكَانَ قَدْ أُلْقِيَ عَلَيْهِ مَحَبَّةٌ مِنْ أَبَوَيْهِ، وَلَوْ أَطَاعَاهُ لَأَرْهَقَهُمَا طُغْيَانًا وَكُفْرًا، فَأَرَدْنَا أَنْ يُبْدِلَهُمَا رَبُّهُمَا خَيْرًا مِنْهُ زَكَاةً وَأَقْرَبَ رُحْمًا، وَوَقَعَ أَبُوهُ عَلَى أُمِّهِ فَعَلِقَتْ، فَوَلَدَتْ مِنْهُ خَيْرًا مِنْهُ زَكَاةً وَأَقْرَبَ رُحْمًا. وَأَمَّا الْجِدَارُ فَكَانَ لِغُلامَيْنِ يَتِيمَيْنِ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ وَكَانَ تَحْتَهُ كَنْـزٌ لَهُمَا وَكَانَ أَبُوهُمَا صَالِحًا فَأَرَادَ رَبُّكَ أَنْ يَبْلُغَا أَشُدَّهُمَا وَيَسْتَخْرِجَا كَنْـزَهُمَا رَحْمَةً مِنْ رَبِّكَ وَمَا فَعَلْتُهُ عَنْ أَمْرِي ذَلِكَ تَأْوِيلُ مَا لَمْ تَسْطِعْ عَلَيْهِ صَبْرًا

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. ʿAbdullāh
  2. Abū Bakr ʿAbdullāh b. Muḥammad b. Abū Shaybah
  3. ʿUbaydullāh b. Mūsá
  4. Isrāʾīl
  5. Abū Isḥāq
  6. Saʿīd b. Jubayr
  7. Ibn ʿAbbās

✧ We were with him when the people said: “Nawf al-Shāmī claims that the one who went seeking knowledge was not Mūsā of the Children of Israel.” Ibn ʿAbbās had been reclining, so he sat up straight and said: “Is that so, Saʿīd?” I said: “Yes, I heard him say that.” Ibn ʿAbbās said: “Nawf lied. Ubayy b. Kaʿb narrated to me that he heard the Prophet ﷺ say: ‘May Allah’s mercy be upon us and upon Ṣāliḥ. May Allah’s mercy be upon us and upon the brother of ʿĀd.’ Then he said: ‘While Mūsā ﷺ was one day addressing his people, he said to them: “There is no one on earth more knowledgeable than I.” Allah (Blessed and Exalted) revealed to him: “There is on earth one more knowledgeable than you, and the sign of that is that you should take along a salted fish, and when you miss it, he will be where you miss it.” So he took along a salted fish and set out, he and his servant, until when they reached the place they had been commanded to, and when they came to the rock, Mūsā went off seeking while his servant placed the fish on the rock and it stirred and made its way into the sea as a tunnel. His servant said: “When the Prophet of Allah comes, I will tell him.” But Satan made him forget, and they went on, and they were afflicted by what afflicts the traveler of fatigue and exhaustion, and it did not afflict him what afflicts the traveler of fatigue and exhaustion until he passed beyond what he had been commanded. Mūsā said to his servant: “Bring us our midday meal; we have certainly met with fatigue in this journey of ours.” His servant said to him: “O Prophet of Allah, do you see when we took shelter at the rock? Indeed I forgot to tell you, and none made me forget it except Satan, and it made its way into the sea as a tunnel.” He said: “That is what we were seeking.” So they retraced their footsteps, following the trail, until they ended up at the rock, and he went around it, and there he was covered with a garment of his. He greeted him, and he raised his head and said to him: “Who are you?” He said: “Mūsā.” He said: “Which Mūsā?” He said: “Mūsā of the Children of Israel.” He said: “I was informed that you have knowledge, so I wanted to accompany you.” He said: “You will never be able to bear with me patiently.” He said: “You will find me, if Allah wills, patient, and I will not disobey any command of yours.” He said: “How can you bear patiently what you do not encompass in knowledge?” He said: “I have been commanded to do it.” He said: “You will find me, if Allah wills, patient.” He said: “If you follow me, do not ask me about anything until I myself mention it to you.” So they set out, until when they boarded the ship, those in it came out, and he stayed behind to scuttle it. He said, Mūsā said to him: “Have you scuttled it to drown its people? You have certainly done a grave thing.” He said: “Did I not say that you would never be able to bear with me patiently?” He said: “Do not take me to task for what I forgot, and do not burden me in my affair with hardship.” So they went on, until when they came upon boys playing on the seashore, and among them was a boy, and there was no boy among the boys cleaner than him, and he took hold of him and killed him. Mūsā ﷺ recoiled at that and said: “Have you killed a pure soul for no soul? You have certainly done a terrible thing.” He said: “Did I not tell you that you would never be able to bear with me patiently?” He said: He felt shame before his companion and was embarrassed, and said: “If I ask you about anything after this, do not keep me as a companion; you have attained from me an excuse.” So they went on, until when they came to the people of a town, they asked its people for food, and Mūsā ﷺ was afflicted with hardship, but they refused to offer them hospitality. They found in it a wall about to collapse, so he set it upright. Mūsā said to him, because of the hardship that had befallen them: “If you had wished, you could have taken a payment for it.” He said: “This is the parting between me and you.” Mūsā ﷺ took hold of the edge of his garment and said: “Tell me.” He said: “As for the ship, it belonged to poor people working at sea, and behind them was a king seizing every ship by force, so when he passed by it and saw it damaged, he left it alone, and its people patched it with a piece of wood and benefited from it. As for the boy, he was created on the day he was created as a disbeliever, and love from his parents had been cast upon him, and had they obeyed him, he would have overwhelmed them with transgression and disbelief, so we wanted their Lord to replace him for them with one better in purity and nearer in mercy. His father had intercourse with his mother and she conceived and gave birth to one better than him in purity and nearer in mercy. As for the wall, it belonged to two orphan boys in the city, and beneath it was a treasure for them, and their father had been righteous, so your Lord wanted them to reach their full strength and extract their treasure as a mercy from your Lord. I did not do it of my own accord. That is the interpretation of what you could not bear patiently.”’"

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