Musannaf 'Abd al-Razzaq 9876
✧ The dispute between Ali and al-Abbas
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عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ،
أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ، وَالْعَبَّاسَ، أَتَيَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ يَلْتَمِسَانِ مِيرَاثَهُمَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ - وَهُمَا حِينَئِذٍ يَطْلُبَانِ أَرْضَهُ مِنْ فَدَكَ، وَسَهْمَهُ مِنْ خَيْبَرَ - فَقَالَ لَهُمَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: لَا نُورَثُ، مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ، إِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ مِنْ هَذَا الْمَالِ " وَإِنِّي وَاللهِ لَا أَدَعُ أَمْرًا رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَصْنَعُهُ، إِلَّا صَنَعْتُهُ قَالَ: فَهَجَرَتْهُ فَاطِمَةُ، فَلَمْ تُكَلِّمْهُ فِي ذَلِكَ حَتَّى مَاتَتْ، فَدَفَنَهَا عَلِيٌّ لَيْلًا، وَلَمْ يُؤْذِنْ بِهَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ: وَكَانَ لِعَلِيٍّ مِنَ النَّاسِ حَيَاةَ فَاطِمَةَ حَظْوَةٌ، فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَتْ فَاطِمَةُ انْصَرَفَتْ وُجُوهُ النَّاسِ عَنْهُ، فَمَكَثَتْ فَاطِمَةُ سِتَّةَ أَشْهُرٍ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ تُوُفِّيَتْ، قَالَ مَعْمَرٌ: فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ لِلزُّهْرِيِّ: فَلَمْ يُبَايِعْهُ عَلِيٌّ سِتَّةَ أَشْهُرٍ ؟ قَالَ: لَا، وَلَا أَحَدٌ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ حَتَّى بَايَعَهُ عَلِيٌّ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى عَلِيٌّ انْصِرَافَ وُجُوهِ النَّاسِ عَنْهُ أَسْرَعَ إِلَى مُصَالَحَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ: أَنِ ائْتِنَا وَلَا تَأْتِنَا مَعَكَ بِأَحَدٍ - وَكَرِهَ أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُ عُمَرُ لِمَا يَعْلَمُ مِنْ شِدَّتِهِ - فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: لَا تَأْتِهِمْ وَحْدَكَ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: وَاللهِ لَآتِيَنَّهُمْ وَحْدِي، وَمَا عَسَى أَنْ يَصْنَعُوا بِي ؟ قَالَ: فَانْطَلَقَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَدَخَلَ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ وَقَدْ جَمَعَ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ عِنْدَهُ، فَقَامَ عَلِيٌّ فَحَمِدَ اللهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ بِمَا هُوَ أَهْلُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَمَّا بَعْدُ، يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَمْنَعْنَا أَنْ نُبَايِعَكَ إِنْكَارٌ لِفَضِيلَتِكَ، وَلَا نَفَاسَةٌ عَلَيْكَ بِخَيْرٍ سَاقَهُ اللهُ إِلَيْكَ، وَلَكِنَّا نَرَى أَنَّ لَنَا فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ حَقًّا، فَاسْتَبْدَدْتُمْ بِهِ عَلَيْنَا قَالَ: ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ قَرَابَتَهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَحَقَّهُمْ، فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَذْكُرُ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى بَكَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ، فَلَمَّا صَمَتَ عَلِيٌّ تَشَهَّدَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَحَمِدَ اللهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ بِمَا هُوَ أَهْلُهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَمَّا بَعْدُ، فَوَاللهِ لَقَرَابَةُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَحْرَى إِلَيَّ أَنْ أَصِلَ مِنْ قَرَابَتِي، وَاللهِ مَا أَلَوْتُ فِي هَذِهِ الْأَمْوَالِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكُمْ عَنِ الْخَيْرِ، وَلَكِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: " لَا نُورَثُ، مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ، وَإِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ فِي هَذَا الْمَالِ " وَإِنِّي وَاللهِ لَا أَذْكُرُ أَمْرًا صَنَعَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِيهِ، إِلَّا صَنَعْتُهُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ. ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ: مَوْعِدُكَ الْعَشِيَّةُ لِلْبَيْعَةِ، فَلَمَّا صَلَّى أَبُو بَكْرٍ الظُّهْرَ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى النَّاسِ ثُمَّ عَذَرَ عَلِيًّا بِبَعْضِ مَا اعْتَذَرَ بِهِ، ثُمَّ قَامَ عَلِيٌّ فَعَظَّمَ مِنْ حَقِّ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ وَفَضِيلَتِهِ، وَسَابِقِيَّتِهِ، ثُمَّ مَضَى إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَبَايَعَهُ، فَأَقْبَلَ النَّاسُ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ فَقَالُوا: أَصَبْتَ وَأَحْسَنْتَ قَالَتْ: فَكَانُوا قَرِيبًا إِلَى عَلِيٍّ حِينَ قَارَبَ الْأَمْرَ، وَالْمَعْرُوفَ
Translation
✧ Fatimah and al-Abbas came to Abu Bakr seeking their inheritance from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ—they were then requesting his land from Fadak and his share from Khaybar. Abu Bakr said to them: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: We are not inherited from; what we leave is charity. The family of Muhammad ﷺ only eat from this wealth. By Allah, I will not leave any matter I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ doing except that I do it. So Fatimah shunned him and did not speak to him about that until she died, and Ali buried her at night without informing Abu Bakr. Aishah said: Ali had favor with the people during Fatimah's lifetime, but when Fatimah died, people's faces turned away from him. Fatimah remained six months after the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, then died. Mamar said: A man said to al-Zuhri: So Ali did not pledge allegiance for six months? He said: No, nor anyone from Banu Hashim until Ali pledged allegiance. When Ali saw the people's faces turning away from him, he hastened to reconcile with Abu Bakr and sent to Abu Bakr: Come to us, but let no one come with you—he disliked Umar coming because he knew his harshness. Umar said: Do not go to them alone. Abu Bakr said: By Allah, I will go to them alone; what could they do to me? So Abu Bakr went and entered upon Ali, who had gathered Banu Hashim with him. Ali stood, praised Allah and extolled Him as He deserves, then said: To proceed, O Abu Bakr, nothing prevented us from pledging allegiance to you except a denial of your virtue, nor envy of the good Allah brought to you, but we saw that we had a right in this matter, and you have kept it exclusively to yourselves. Then he mentioned his kinship to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and their right, and he kept mentioning that until Abu Bakr wept. When Ali fell silent, Abu Bakr bore witness, praised Allah and extolled Him as He deserves, then said: To proceed, by Allah, the kinship of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ is dearer to me to maintain than my own kinship, and by Allah I have not fallen short in these wealth matters between me and you regarding good. But I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: We are not inherited from; what we leave is charity. The family of Muhammad ﷺ only eat from this wealth. By Allah, I will not recall any matter the Messenger of Allah ﷺ did in it except that I will do it, if Allah wills. Then Ali said: Your appointment is this evening for the pledge of allegiance. When Abu Bakr prayed Zuhr, he faced the people and excused Ali with some of what he had excused himself, then Ali stood and magnified Abu Bakr's right ؓ, his virtue, and his precedence. Then he went to Abu Bakr and pledged allegiance to him. The people came to Ali and said: You have done right and well. She said: So they were close to Ali when he drew near to the matter and to what was known.
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