Musannaf 'Abd al-Razzaq 9874
✧ The dispute between Ali and al-Abbas
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عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَوْسِ بْنِ الْحَدَثَانِ النَّصْرِيِّ قَالَ:
أَرْسَلَ إِلَيَّ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ أَنَّهُ قَدْ حَضَرَ الْمَدِينَةَ أَهْلُ أَبْيَاتٍ مِنْ قَوْمِكَ، وَإِنَّا قَدْ أَمَرْنَا لَهُمْ بِرُضْحٍ فَاقْسِمْهُ بَيْنَهُمْ قُلْتُ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مُرْ بِذَلِكَ غَيْرِي قَالَ: اقْبِضْهُ أَيُّهَا الْمَرْءُ قَالَ: فَبَيْنَا أَنَا كَذَلِكَ جَاءَهُ مَوْلَاهُ فَقَالَ: هَذَا عُثْمَانُ، وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ، وَسَعْدُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ، وَالزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ - قَالَ: وَلَا أَدْرِي أَذَكَرَ طَلْحَةَ أَمْ لَا ؟ - يَسْتَأْذِنُونَ عَلَيْكَ قَالَ: ائْذَنْ لَهُمْ قَالَ: ثُمَّ مَكَثَ سَاعَةً، ثُمَّ جَاءَ فَقَالَ: هَذَا الْعَبَّاسُ وَعَلِيٌّ يَسْتَأْذِنَانِ عَلَيْكَ قَالَ: ائْذَنْ لَهُمَا قَالَ: ثُمَّ مَكَثَ سَاعَةً قَالَ: فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ الْعَبَّاسُ قَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ اقْضِ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ هَذَا - وَهُمَا يَوْمَئِذٍ يَخْتَصِمَانِ فِيمَا أَفَاءَ اللهُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ أَمْوَالِ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ - فَقَالَ الْقَوْمُ: اقْضِ بَيْنَهُمَا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، وَأَرِحْ كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ، فَقَدْ طَالَتْ خُصُومَتُهُمَا، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: أَنْشُدُكُمُ اللهَ الَّذِي بِإِذْنِهِ تَقُومُ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ، أَتَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ: " نص إضافيلَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ ؟ " قَالَ: قَالُوا: قَدْ قَالَ ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمَا مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَا: نَعَمْ قَالَ لَهُمْ: فَإِنِّي سَأُخْبِرُكُمْ عَنْ هَذَا الْفَيْءِ: إِنَّ اللهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى خَصَّ نَبِيَّهُ ﷺ مِنْهُ بِشَيْءٍ، لَمْ يُعْطِهِ غَيْرَهُ فَقَالَ: ﴿وَمَا أَفَاءَ اللهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ مِنْهُمْ فَمَا أَوْجَفْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ خَيْلٍ وَلا رِكَابٍ وَلَكِنَّ اللهَ يُسَلِّطُ رُسُلَهُ عَلَى مَنْ يَشَاءُ ﴾، فَكَانَتْ هَذِهِ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ خَاصَّةً، ثُمَّ وَاللهِ مَا احْتَازَهَا دُونَكُمْ، وَلَا اسْتَأْثَرَ بِهَا عَلَيْكُمْ، لَقَدْ قَسَمَ وَاللهِ بَيْنَكُمْ، وَبَثَّهَا فِيكُمْ حَتَّى بَقِيَ مِنْهَا هَذَا الْمَالُ، فَكَانَ يُنْفِقُ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ مِنْهُ سَنَةً - قَالَ: وَرُبَّمَا قَالَ: وَيَحْبِسُ قُوتَ أَهْلِهِ مِنْهُ سَنَةً - ثُمَّ يَجْعَلُ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْهُ مَجْعَلَ مَالِ اللهِ، فَلَمَّا قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: أَنَا وَلِيُّ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بَعْدَهُ، أَعْمَلُ فِيهِ بِمَا كَانَ يَعْمَلُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِيهَا. ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ وَالْعَبَّاسِ فَقَالَ: وَأَنْتُمَا تَزْعُمَانِ أَنَّهُ فِيهَا ظَالِمٌ فَاجِرٌ، وَاللهُ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ فِيهَا صَادِقٌ بَارٌّ تَابِعٌ لِلْحَقِّ، ثُمَّ وُلِّيتُهَا بَعْدَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ سَنَتَيْنِ مِنْ إِمَارَتِي، فَعَمِلْتُ فِيهَا بِمَا عَمِلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ، وَأَنْتُمَا تَزْعُمَانِ أَنِّي فِيهَا ظَالِمٌ فَاجِرٌ، وَاللهُ يَعْلَمُ أَنِّي فِيهَا صَادِقٌ بَارٌّ تَابِعٌ لِلْحَقِّ، ثُمَّ جِئْتُمَانِي، جَاءَنِي هَذَا - يَعْنِي الْعَبَّاسَ - يَسْأَلُنِي مِيرَاثَهُ مِنَ ابْنِ أَخِيهِ، وَجَاءَنِي هَذَا - يَعْنِي عَلِيًّا - يَسْأَلُنِي مِيرَاثَ امْرَأَتِهِ مِنْ أَبِيهَا، فَقُلْتُ لَكُمَا: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ: " نص إضافيلَا نُورَثُ، مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ ثُمَّ بَدَا لِي أَنْ أَدْفَعَهَا إِلَيْكُمَا، فَأَخَذْتُ عَلَيْكُمَا عَهْدَ اللهِ وَمِيثَاقَهُ لَتَعْمَلَانِ فِيهَا بِمَا عَمِلَ فِيهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ وَأَنَا مَا وُلِّيتُهَا، فَقُلْتُمَا: ادْفَعْهَا إِلَيْنَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ، أَتُرِيدَانِ مِنَّا قَضَاءً غَيْرَ هَذَا ؟ وَالَّذِي بِإِذْنِهِ تَقُومُ السَّمَاءُ وَالْأَرْضُ، لَا أَقْضِي بَيْنَكُمَا بِقَضَاءٍ غَيْرِ هَذَا، إِنْ كُنْتُمَا عَجَزْتُمَا عَنْهَا فَادْفَعَاهَا إِلَيَّ. قَالَ: فَغَلَبَهُ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهَا، فَكَانَتْ بِيَدِ عَلِيٍّ، ثُمَّ بِيَدِ حَسَنٍ، ثُمَّ بِيَدِ حُسَيْنٍ، ثُمَّ بِيَدِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حُسَيْنٍ، ثُمَّ بِيَدِ حَسَنِ بْنِ حَسَنٍ، ثُمَّ بِيَدِ زَيْدِ بْنِ حَسَنٍ قَالَ مَعْمَرٌ: ثُمَّ بِيَدِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ حَسَنٍ، ثُمَّ أَخَذَهَا هَؤُلَاءِ - يَعْنِي بَنِي الْعَبَّاسِ
Translation
✧ Umar b. al-Khattab sent to me that some families of your people have come to Madinah, and we have ordered a portion for them, so distribute it among them. I said: O Commander of the Faithful, order someone else to do that. He said: Take it, O man. While I was thus, his freedman came and said: Uthman, Abd al-Rahman b. Awf, Sad b. Abi Waqqas, and al-Zubayr b. al-Awwam—I do not know if he mentioned Talhah—ask permission to enter. He said: Give them permission. He waited a while, then came and said: Al-Abbas and Ali ask permission to enter. He said: Give them permission. He waited a while. When al-Abbas entered, he said: O Commander of the Faithful, judge between me and this one—they were then disputing over what Allah had granted as booty to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ from the wealth of Banu al-Nadir. The people said: Judge between them, O Commander of the Faithful, and relieve each of them from the other, for their dispute has gone on long. Umar said: I adjure you by Allah, by whose permission the heavens and the earth stand, do you know that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: We are not inherited from; what we leave is charity? They said: He said that. Then he said the same to the two of them, and they said: Yes. He said to them: I will tell you about this fay: Allah, Blessed and Exalted, singled out His Prophet ﷺ with something from it that He gave no one else. He said: "And what Allah restored to His Messenger from them, you did not spur any horses or camels for it, but Allah gives His messengers authority over whom He wills." This was for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ alone. By Allah, he did not take it without you, nor did he prefer himself over you. By Allah, he divided it among you and distributed it among you until this wealth remained. He used to spend on his family from it for a year—and perhaps he said: He would withhold his family's sustenance from it for a year—then make what remained of it the manner of Allah's wealth. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ died, Abu Bakr said: I am the successor of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ after him; I will act in it as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to act. Then he turned to Ali and al-Abbas and said: You both claim that he was unjust and sinful in it, but Allah knows he was truthful, righteous, and following the truth. Then I took charge of it after Abu Bakr for two years of my rule, and I acted in it as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and Abu Bakr did, and you both claim that I am unjust and sinful in it, but Allah knows I am truthful, righteous, and following the truth. Then you came to me: this one—meaning al-Abbas—asks me for his inheritance from his nephew, and this one—meaning Ali—asks me for his wife's inheritance from her father. I said to you both: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: We are not inherited from; what we leave is charity. Then it occurred to me to hand it over to you both, and I took from you the covenant of Allah and His pledge that you would act in it as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, Abu Bakr, and I acted while I was in charge. You said: Hand it over to us on that condition. Do you want from us a judgment other than this? By Him by whose permission the heaven and the earth stand, I will not judge between you with any other judgment. If you are unable to handle it, then give it back to me. Then Ali prevailed over it, and it was in Ali's hand, then in Hasan's, then in Husayn's, then in Ali b. Husayn's, then in Hasan b. Hasan's, then in Zayd b. Hasan's. Mamar said: Then in Abd Allah b. Hasan's, then these—meaning the Banu al-Abbas—took it.
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