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العربية

Jami' at-Tirmidhi 3194

Regarding Surat Ar-Rum

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حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي أُوَيْسٍ حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ نِيَارِ بْنِ مُكْرَمٍ الأَسْلَمِيِّ قَالَ

لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ ( الم غُلِبَتِ الرُّومُ فِي أَدْنَى الأَرْضِ وَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ غَلَبِهِمْ سَيَغْلِبُونَ فِي بِضْعِ سِنِينَ ) فَكَانَتْ فَارِسُ يَوْمَ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ قَاهِرِينَ لِلرُّومِ وَكَانَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ يُحِبُّونَ ظُهُورَ الرُّومِ عَلَيْهِمْ لأَنَّهُمْ وَإِيَّاهُمْ أَهْلُ كِتَابٍ وَفِي ذَلِكَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى (يوْمَئِذٍ يَفْرَحُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ بِنَصْرِ اللَّهِ يَنْصُرُ مَنْ يَشَاءُ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ ) فَكَانَتْ قُرَيْشٌ تُحِبُّ ظُهُورَ فَارِسَ لأَنَّهُمْ وَإِيَّاهُمْ لَيْسُوا بِأَهْلِ كِتَابٍ وَلاَ إِيمَانٍ بِبَعْثٍ فَلَمَّا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى هَذِهِ الآيَةَ خَرَجَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ ؓ يَصِيحُ فِي نَوَاحِي مَكَّةَ ( الم غُلِبَتِ الرُّومُ فِي أَدْنَى الأَرْضِ وَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ غَلَبِهِمْ سَيَغْلِبُونَ فِي بِضْعِ سِنِينَ ) قَالَ نَاسٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ لأَبِي بَكْرٍ فَذَلِكَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ زَعَمَ صَاحِبُكُمْ أَنَّ الرُّومَ سَتَغْلِبُ فَارِسًا فِي بِضْعِ سِنِينَ أَفَلاَ نُرَاهِنُكَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ قَالَ بَلَى وَذَلِكَ قَبْلَ تَحْرِيمِ الرِّهَانِ فَارْتَهَنَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَالْمُشْرِكُونَ وَتَوَاضَعُوا الرِّهَانَ وَقَالُوا لأَبِي بَكْرٍ كَمْ تَجْعَلُ الْبِضْعُ ثَلاَثُ سِنِينَ إِلَى تِسْعِ سِنِينَ فَسَمِّ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكَ وَسَطًا تَنْتَهِي إِلَيْهِ قَالَ فَسَمَّوْا بَيْنَهُمْ سِتَّ سِنِينَ قَالَ فَمَضَتِ السِّتُّ سِنِينَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَظْهَرُوا فَأَخَذَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ رَهْنَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَتِ السَّنَةُ السَّابِعَةُ ظَهَرَتِ الرُّومُ عَلَى فَارِسَ فَعَابَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ تَسْمِيَةَ سِتِّ سِنِينَ لأَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَالَ (في بِضْعِ سِنِينَ ) قَالَ وَأَسْلَمَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ نَاسٌ كَثِيرٌ

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. Muḥammad b. Ismāʿīl
  2. Ismāʿīl b. Abū Ūways
  3. Ibn Abū al-Zinād
  4. Abū al-Zinād
  5. ʿUrwah b. al-Zubayr
  6. Niyār b. Mukram al-Aslamī

"When (the following) was revealed: 'Alif Lam Mim. The Romans have been defeated. In the nearest land, and they, after their defeat, will be victorious in Bid' years (30:1-4).' - on the day that these Ayat were revealed, the Persians had defeated the Romans, and the Muslims had wanted the Romans to be victorious over them, because they were the people of the Book. So Allah said about that: 'And on that day, the believers will rejoice - with the help of Allah. He helps whom He wills, and He is the Almighty, the Most Merciful (30:4 & 5). The Quraish wanted the Persians to be victorious since they were not people of the Book, nor did they believe in the Resurrection. So when Allah revealed these Ayat, Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, went out, proclaiming throughout Makkah: 'Alif Lam Mim. The Romans have been defeated. In the nearest land, and they, after their defeat, will be victorious, in Bid' years (30:1-4).' Some of the Quraish said: 'Then this is (a bet) between us and you. Your companion claims that the Romans will defeat the Persians in Bid' years, so why have have a bet on that between us and you?' Abu Bakr said: 'Yes.' This was before betting has been forbidden. So Abu Bakr and the idolaters made a bet, and they said to Abu Bakr: 'What do you think - Bid' means something between three and nine years, so let us agree on the middle.' So they agreed on six years; Then six years passed without the Romans being victorious. The idolaters took what they won in the bet from Abu Bakr. When the seventh year came and the Romans were finally victorious over the Persians, the Muslims rebuked Abu Bakr for agreeing to six years. He said: 'Because Allah said: 'In Bid' years.' At that time, many people became Muslims."

Notes

  • قَالَ هَذَا حَدِيثٌ صَحِيحٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ مِنْ حَدِيثِ نِيَارِ بْنِ مُكْرَمٍ لاَ نَعْرِفُهُ إِلاَّ مِنْ حَدِيثِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ

Grades by grader

Zubair Ali ZaiSoundAnother source records this grader as “Isnaad Hasan” (fawazahmed0).hadithunlocked, sunnah.com
Ahmad Muhammad ShakirHasanfawazahmed0
Bashar Awad MaaroufHasan Sahihfawazahmed0
al-AlbaniGoodin صحيح سنن الترمذي, p. 3194Another source records this grader as “Daif” (fawazahmed0).hadithunlocked

What scholars said about it

In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.

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Other narrations of this report

Jami' at-Tirmidhi 2935Jami' at-Tirmidhi 3192al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 4402

Narrators

  1. Niyār b. Mukram al-Aslamī
    Companion (ṣaḥābī)d. lived until the beginning of Muʿāwiyah's caliphate
    نِيَارُ بْنُ مُكْرَمٍ الْأَسْلَمِيُّصحابي
    عن
  2. ʿUrwah b. al-Zubayr
    trustworthy (thiqah), a jurist (faqīh), well-known (mashhūr)d. 91 AH, or 92, or 93 AH, or 94 AH, or 95 AH, or 99 AH, or 100 AH, or 101 AH
    عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِثقة فقيه مشهور
    عن
  3. Abū al-Zinād
    trustworthy (thiqah), jurist (faqīh)d. 129 AH, or 130 AH, or 131 AH, also said: 132 AH
    أَبِي الزِّنَادِثقة ، فقيه
    عن
  4. Ibn Abī al-Zinād
    Truthful (ṣadūq); his memory changed when he came to Baghdad, and he was a jurist (faqīh)d. 174 AH
    ابْنُ أَبِي الزِّنَادِصدوق ، تغير حفظه لما قدم بغداد ، وكان فقيها
    حدثني
  5. Ismāʿīl b. Abī Uways
    Truthful (ṣadūq); he made mistakes in some hadiths from his memoryd. 226 AH, also said: 227 AH
    إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي أُوَيْسٍصدوق ، أخطأ في أحاديث من حفظه
    حدثنا
  6. al-Bukhārī
    a mountain of memorization and the leader of the world in the comprehension of hadith (jabal al-ḥifẓ wa-imām al-dunyā fī fiqh al-ḥadīth)d. 256 AH
    مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَجبل الحفظ وإمام الدنيا في فقه الحديث
    حدثنا
  7. al-Tirmidhī
    trustworthy, a memorizer (thiqah ḥāfiẓ)d. 279 AH, in Ikmāl al-Tahdhīb: 275 AH
    التِّرْمِذِيُّثقة حافظ

Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com

Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.

Commentaries

Tuḥfat al-Aḥwadhī (Mubārakpūrī)

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