al-Mu'jam al-Kabir (al-Tabarani) 3427b
✧ Whose name is al-Harith?
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حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ نا خَلَفُ بْنُ مُوسَى بْنِ خَلَفٍ ثنا أَبِي عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ عَنْ جَدِّهِ مَمْطُورٍ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ قَالَ
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ أَمَرَ يَحْيَى بْنَ زَكَرِيَّا بِخَمْسِ كَلِمَاتٍ أَنْ يَعْمَلَ بِهِنَّ وَيَأْمُرَ بِهِنَّ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنْ يَعْمَلُوا بِهِنَّ فَكَادَ أَنْ يُبْطِئَ فَقَالَ لَهُ عِيسَى إِنَّكَ قَدْ أُمِرْتَ بِخَمْسِ كَلِمَاتٍ أَنْ تَعْمَلَ بِهِنَّ وَتَأْمُرَ بِهِنَّ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنْ يَعْمَلُوا بِهِنَّ فَإِمَّا أَنْ تَأْمُرَهُمْ وَإِمَّا أَنْ آمُرُهُمْ فَقَالَ لَا تَفْعَلْ يَا أَخِي فَإِنِّي أَخْشَى إِنْ سَبَقْتَنِي إِلَيْهِمْ أَنْ أُعَذَّبَ أَوْ يُخْسَفَ بِي فَجَمَعَ النَّاسَ فِي بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ حَتَّى امْتَلَأَ وَقَعَدَ عَلَى الشَّرَفِ فَحَمِدَ اللهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ وَعَظَهُمْ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ أَمَرَنِي بِخَمْسِ كَلِمَاتٍ وَأَنْ أَعْمَلَ بِهِنَّ وَأَنْ آمُرَكُمْ أَنْ تَعْمَلُوا بِهِنَّ أَوَّلُهُنَّ أَنْ تَعْبُدُوا اللهَ وَلَا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا وَإِنَّ مَثَلَ ذَلِكَ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى عَبْدًا مِنْ خَالِصِ مَالِهِ بِذَهَبٍ أَوْ وَرِقٍ فَقَالَ هَذِهِ دَارِي وَهَذَا عَمَلِي فَاعْمَلْ وَأَدِّ إِلَيَّ عَمَلَكَ فَجَعَلَ يَعْمَلُ وَيُؤَدِّي عَمَلَهُ إِلَى غَيْرِ سَيِّدِهِ فَأَيُّكُمْ يَسُرُّهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ عَبْدُهُ كَذَلِكَ يَعْمَلُ وَيُؤَدِّي عَمَلَهُ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ؟ وَإِنَّ اللهَ خَلَقَكُمْ وَرَزَقَكُمْ فَاعْبُدُوهُ وَلَا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا وَأَمَرَكُمْ بِالصَّلَاةِ فَإِذَا صَلَّيْتُمْ فَلَا تَلْتَفِتُوا فَإِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ يَنْصِبُ وَجْهَهُ لِوَجْهِ عَبْدِهِ مَا لَمْ يَلْتَفِتْ وَأَمَرَكُمْ بِالصِّيَامِ وَإِنَّ مَثَلَ ذَلِكَ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ مَعَهُ عِصَابَةٌ فِيهَا صُرَّةٌ مِنْ مِسْكٍ فَكُلُّهُمْ يُحِبُّ أَنْ يَجِدَ رِيحَهَا وَإِنَّ فَمَ الصَّائِمِ أَطْيَبُ عِنْدَ اللهِ مِنْ رِيحِ الْمِسْكِ وَأَمَرَكُمْ بِالصَّدَقَةِ وَإِنَّ مَثَلَ ذَلِكَ كَمَثَلِ مَنْ أَسَرَهُ الْعَدُوُّ فَشَدُّوا يَدَهُ إِلَى عُنُقِهِ وَقَرَّبُوهُ لِيَضْرِبُوا عُنُقَهُ فَقَالَ أَنَا أَفْتَدِي نَفْسِي مِنْكُمْ فَجَعَلَ يُعْطِي الْقَلِيلَ وَالْكَثِيرَ حَتَّى افْتَكَّ نَفْسَهُ مِنْهُمْ وَأَمَرَكُمْ بِذِكْرِ اللهِ كَثِيرًا وَإِنَّ مَثَلَ ذِكْرِ اللهِ ﷻ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ طَلَبَهُ الْعَدُوُّ سِرَاعًا فِي أَثَرِهِ فَأَتَى حِصْنًا حَصِينًا فَأَحْرَزَ نَفْسَهُ فِيهِ وَإِنَّ أَحْصَنَ مَا يَكُونُ الْعَبْدُ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ إِذَا كَانَ فِي ذِكْرِ اللهِ تَعَالَى
Translation
Chain of narrators
- ʿAlī b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz
- Khalaf b. Mūsá b. Khalaf from my father
- Yaḥyá b. Abū Kathīr
- Zayd b. Sallām from his grandfather Mamṭūr
- al-Ḥārith al-Ashʿarī
✧ The Messenger of God ﷺ said: God ﷻ commanded Yahya b. Zakariyya with five words, to act upon them and to command the Children of Israel to act upon them. He almost delayed, so 'Isa said to him: You have been commanded with five words, to act upon them and to command the Children of Israel to act upon them; either you command them or I command them. He said: Do not, my brother, for I fear if you precede me to them that I will be punished or swallowed by the earth. So he gathered the people in Bayt al-Maqdis until it was full, and he sat on the elevated place. He praised God and extolled Him, then he admonished them and said: God ﷻ commanded me with five words, to act upon them and to command you to act upon them. The first of them is that you worship God and associate nothing with Him. The likeness of that is like a man who bought a slave from his pure wealth with gold or silver, and said: This is my house and this is my work, so work and render to me your work. But he began working and rendering his work to other than his master. Which of you would be pleased for his slave to be like that, working and rendering his work to other than him? God created you and provided for you, so worship Him and associate nothing with Him. He commanded you with prayer, so when you pray, do not turn away, for God ﷻ sets His face toward the face of His servant as long as he does not turn away. He commanded you with fasting, and the likeness of that is like a man with a band containing a pouch of musk, and everyone loves to find its scent. The mouth of the fasting person is sweeter to God than the scent of musk. He commanded you with charity, and the likeness of that is like a man whom the enemy captured, tied his hand to his neck, and brought him near to strike his neck. He said: I ransom myself from you, and he began giving the little and the much until he redeemed himself from them. He commanded you with much remembrance of God, and the likeness of the remembrance of God ﷻ is like a man whom the enemy pursued swiftly in his tracks, and he came to a strong fortress and secured himself in it. The most secure a servant is from Satan is when he is in the remembrance of God, the Exalted.
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