al-Mu'jam al-Awsat 2651
✧ Ibrahim b. Abd Allah Abu Muslim al-Kashi
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حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُسْلِمٍ، قَالَ: نَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ الْكُوفِيُّ، قَالَ: نَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْلَى زُنْبُورٌ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الصُّبْحِ، عَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ قَالَ:
بَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُحَدِّثُنَا عَلَى بَابِ الْحُجُرَاتِ إِذْ أَقْبَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ وَمَعَهُمَا فِئَامٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ، يُجَاوِبُ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا، وَيَرُدُّ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ، فَلَمَّا رَأَوْا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ سَكَتُوا، فَقَالَ: مَا كَلَامٌ سَمِعْتُهُ آنِفًا، جَاوَبَ بَعْضُكُمْ بَعْضًا، وَيَرُدُّ بَعْضُكُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ ؟ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، زَعَمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنَّ الْحَسَنَاتِ مِنَ اللهِ وَالسَّيِّئَاتِ مِنَ الْعِبَادِ، وَقَالَ عُمَرُ: السَّيِّئَاتُ وَالْحَسَنَاتُ مِنَ اللهِ، فَتَابَعَ هَذَا قَوْمٌ، وَتَابَعَ هَذَا قَوْمٌ، فَأَجَابَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا، وَرَدَّ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ، فَالْتَفَتَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ، فَقَالَ: " كَيْفَ قُلْتَ ؟ " فَقَالَ قَوْلَهُ الْأَوَّلَ، وَالْتَفَتَ إِلَى عُمَرَ، فَقَالَ قَوْلَهُ الْأَوَّلَ، فَقَالَ: " وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَأَقْضِيَنَّ بَيْنَكُمَا بِقَضَاءِ إِسْرَافِيلَ بَيْنَ جِبْرِيلَ وَمِيكَائِيلَ " فَتَعَاظَمَ ذَلِكَ فِي أَنْفُسِ النَّاسِ، وَقَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، وَقَدْ تَكَلَّمَ فِي هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ ؟ فَقَالَ: " إِي وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَهُمَا أَوَّلُ خَلْقِ اللهِ تَكَلَّمَ فِيهِ، فَقَالَ مِيكَائِيلُ بِقَوْلِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، وَقَالَ جِبْرِيلُ بِقَوْلِ عُمَرَ، فَقَالَ جِبْرِيلُ لِمِيكَائِيلَ: إِنَّا مَتَى نَخْتَلِفُ أَهْلُ السَّمَاءِ يَخْتَلِفُ أَهْلُ الْأَرْضِ، فَلْنَتَحَاكَمْ إِلَى إِسْرَافِيلَ، فَتَحَاكَمَا إِلَيْهِ، فَقَضَى بَيْنَهُمَا بِحَقِيقَةِ الْقَدَرِ، خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ، حُلْوِهِ وَمُرِّهِ، كُلُّهُ مِنَ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، وَإِنِّي قَاضٍ بَيْنَكُمَا " ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ، فَقَالَ: " يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ، إِنَّ اللهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى لَوْ أَرَادَ أَنْ لَا يُعْصَى لَمْ يَخْلُقْ إِبْلِيسَ "، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: صَدَقَ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Abū Muslim
- al-Ḥasan b. Ziyād al-Kūfī
- Muḥammad b. Yaʿlá Zunbūr
- ʿUmar b. al-Ṣubḥ
- Muqātil b. Ḥayyān
- ʿAmr b. Shuʿayb
- his father
- his father
✧ While the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was speaking to us at the door of the chambers, Abu Bakr and Umar came with a group of people, some of them answering others and some refuting others. When they saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ they fell silent. He said: 'What is the speech I just heard, some of you answering others and some refuting others?' A man said: 'O Messenger of Allah, Abu Bakr claimed that good deeds are from Allah and evil deeds are from the servants, and Umar said: "Evil and good are both from Allah." Some people followed this one and some followed that one, so they answered each other and refuted each other.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ turned to Abu Bakr and said: 'What did you say?' He repeated his first statement. Then he turned to Umar and he repeated his first statement. He said: 'By the One in whose hand is my soul, I will judge between you two with the judgment of Israfil between Jibril and Mika'il.' That became magnified in the hearts of the people and they said: 'O Messenger of Allah, did Jibril speak about this?' He said: 'Yes, by the One in whose hand is my soul, they were the first of Allah's creation to speak about it. Mika'il spoke with the statement of Abu Bakr, and Jibril spoke with the statement of Umar. Jibril said to Mika'il: "If we, the inhabitants of heaven, disagree, the inhabitants of earth will disagree, so let us resort to Israfil for judgment." They resorted to him, and he judged between them with the true nature of divine decree: its good and its evil, its sweet and its bitter, all of it is from Allah, Mighty and Majestic. And I will judge between you two likewise.' Then he turned to Abu Bakr and said: 'O Abu Bakr, if Allah, Blessed and Exalted, had willed not to be disobeyed, He would not have created Iblis.' Abu Bakr said: 'Allah and His Messenger have spoken the truth.'
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What scholars said about it
In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.
- Abū al-Ḥasan Nur al-Dīn ʿAlī b. Abi Bakr al-Haythamī
رواه الطبراني والبزار وفي إسناد الطبراني عمر بن الصبح وهو ضعيف جدا وشيخ البزار السكن بن سعيد ولم أعرفه وبقية رجال البزار ثقات وفي بعضهم كلام لا يضر
machine translationIt was narrated by al-Ṭabarānī and al-Bazzār. In al-Ṭabarānī's chain is ʿUmar b. al-Ṣubḥ, who is very weak (ḍaʿīf jiddan). The teacher of al-Bazzār is al-Sakan b. Saʿīd, whom I do not know. The remaining narrators of al-Bazzār are trustworthy (thiqāt), and some of them have been criticized in a way that does no harm.
in المعجم الأوسط, p. 2651
Narrators
- One of the early Companions (sābiqūn), among those who narrated abundantly, and one of the jurist ʿAbdullāhs (al-ʿabādilah)d. 63 AH, or 65 AH, or 68 AH, or 69 AH; also said 67 AH, also said 73 AH, also said 77 AHعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِأحد السابقين ، المكثرين من الصحابة ، وأحد العبادلة الفقهاءعن
- Truthful (ṣadūq); his hearing from his grandfather is established (thābit)d. between 81 and 90 AHأَبِيهِصدوق ، ثبت سماعه من جدهعن
- truthful (ṣadūq)d. 118 AHعَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍصدوقعن
- Truthful (ṣadūq), virtuous (fāḍil)d. shortly before 150 AHمُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَصدوق فاضلعن
- abandoned (matrūk)d. 160 AHعُمَرَ بْنِ الصُّبْحِمتروكعن
- weak (ḍaʿīf)d. Muṭayyan said: 205 AHمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْلَى زُنْبُورٌضعيفنا
- d. 204 AHالْحَسَنُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ الْكُوفِيُّنا
- d. 292 AHأَبُو مُسْلِمٍحدثنا
- d. 360 AHالطبراني
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.