Jami' al-Saghir / Jam' al-Jawami' (al-Suyuti) 420-524b
✧ Abdullah b. Abbas
"عَنِ ابْن عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى قَدْ أَنْزَلَ عَلَىَّ سُورَةً لَمْ يُنزِلْهَا عَلَى أَحَدٍ منَ الأَنْبِيَاءِ وَالرُّسُلِ قَبْلِى، قَالَ الله تَعالَى: قَسَّمْتُ الصَّلاةَ بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَ عِبَادي، فَاتحَةَ الْكِتَابِ جَعَلْتُ نِصْفَهَا لِى وِنِصْفَهَا لَهُمْ، وآيَةً بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَهُمْ، فَإِذَا قَالَ الْعَبْدُ: {بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ} قَالَ الله تَعالَى: عَبْدِى دَعَانى بِاسْمَيْن رَقِيقَيْن أَحَدُهُمَا أَرَقُّ مِنَ الآخَر، فَالرَّحيمُ أَرَقُّ مِنَ الرَّحْمنِ، وَكِلاهُمَا رَقيقَان، فَإِذَا قَالَ: الْحَمْدُ لله، قَالَ شَكَرَنِى عَبْدِى وَحَمِدَنِى، فَإِذَا قَالَ: رَبِّ الْعَالمَينَ، قَالَ الله: شَهِدَ عَبْدى أَنِّى رَبُّ الْعَالمِينَ - يَعْنِى يَارَبَّ الْعَالمِينَ: الْجِنِّ وَالإِنْسِ وَالْمَلائِكَةِ وَالشَّيَاطِينِ، وَسَائرِ الْخَلْقِ، وَرَبّ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ وَخَالِق كُلِّ شَىْءٍ، فَإذَا قَالَ: الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيم، قَالَ: مَجَّدَنِى عَبْدِى فِإِذَا قَالَ: مَالِكِ يَوْم الدِّينِ - يَعْنِى بِيَوْم الدِّين يَوْمَ الْحِسَاب، قَالَ الله: شَهِدَ عَبْدِى أَنَّهُ لا مَالِكَ ليَوْم الْحِسَابِ أَحَدٌ غَيْرى، وَإِذَا قَالَ: مَلِك يَوْم الَّدِينِ فَقَدْ أَثْنَى عَلَىَّ عَبْدِى، إِيَّاك نَعْبُدُ - يَعْنِى اللهَ أَعْبُدُ وَأُوَحِّدُ وَإيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِينُ، قَالَ الله: هَذَا بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَ عَبْدِى، إِيَّاى يَعْبُدُ، فَهَذِهِ إِلَىَّ وَإيَّاىَ يَسْتَعِينُ، فَهَذِهِ لَهُ، وَلِعَبْدِى بِعَدَدِ مَا سَأَلَ، بِيَدهِ بَقِيَّةُ هَذِهِ السُّورَةِ، اهْدِنَا: أَرْشِدْنَا، الصِّرَاطَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ - يَعْنِى دينَ الإِسْلامِ لأنَّ كُلَّ دِينٍ غَيْرَ الإِسْلامِ فَلَيْسَ بِمُسْتَقيمٍ، الَّذِى لَيْسَ مِنْهُ التَّوْحِيدُ، صِرَاطَ الَّذينَ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ - يَعْنِى بِهِ النَّبِييِّنَ وَالْمُؤمِنينَ الَّذينَ أَنْعَمَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِمْ بالإِسْلامِ وَالنُّبُوَّةِ، غَيْرِ الْمَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهم، يَقُولُ: أَرْشِدْنَا غَيْر دِين هَؤُلاء الَّذين غَضبْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَهُمُ الْيَهُودُ، وَلا الضَّالِّينَ: وَهُمُ النَّصَارَى، أَضَلَّهُمُ الله بَعْدَ الْهَدَى بِمَعْصِيَتِهِمْ غَضِبَ الله عَلَيْهِمْ، فَجَعَلَ مِنْهُم الْقِرَدَةَ وَالْخَنَازِيرَ وَعَبَد الطَّاغُوت - يَعْنى الشَّيَاطينَ أُولَئِكَ شَرٌّ مَكَانًا في الدُّنْيَا وَالآخِرَةِ - يَعْنِى: شَرٌّ مَنْزِلًا وَأَضَلُّ عَنْ سَوَاء السَّبِيلِ منَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ - يَعْنى أَضَلَّ عَنْ قَصْدِ السَّبِيل الْمَهْدِىَّ مِنَ الْمُسْلمِينَ، فَإِذَا قَالَ الإمَامُ: وَلا الضَّالِّينَ، فَقُولُوا: آمينَ يُحِبَّكُمُ الله، قَالَ: بَلَى يَا مُحَمَّدُ هَذِهِ نَجَاتُكَ وَنَجَاةُ أُمَّتِكَ وَمَنْ اتَّبعَكَ عَلَى دِينِكَ منَ النَّارِ".
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Ibn ʿAbbās
- Qāl Rasūl Allāh ﷺ In Allāh Taʿālá Qad Anzal
Machine translation, not reviewed
"From Ibn Abbas, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Allah the Exalted has sent down to me a surah that He did not send down to any of the prophets and messengers before me. Allah the Exalted said: I have divided the prayer between Myself and My servants. Al-Fatihah I have made half for Me and half for them, and an verse between Me and them. When the servant says: {In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful}, Allah the Exalted says: My servant has called Me by two gentle names, one of them gentler than the other; Ar-Rahim is gentler than Ar-Rahman, and both are gentle. When he says: {All praise is due to Allah, Lord of the worlds}, Allah says: My servant has thanked Me and praised Me. When he says: {Lord of the worlds}, Allah says: My servant has testified that I am the Lord of the worlds, meaning: O Lord of the worlds, of the jinn, mankind, angels, devils, and all creation, and Lord and Creator of everything. When he says: {The Most Gracious, the Most Merciful}, He says: My servant has glorified Me. When he says: {Master of the Day of Judgment}, meaning the Day of Reckoning, Allah says: My servant has testified that none besides Me is the Master of the Day of Reckoning. When he says: {Master of the Day of Judgment}, My servant has praised Me. {You alone we worship}, meaning: Allah we worship and declare His oneness, {and You alone we ask for help}. Allah says: This is between Me and My servant, and My servant will have what he asks. The rest of this surah is for My servant: {Guide us to the straight path}, meaning: guide us, {the path of those upon whom You have bestowed favor}, meaning the prophets and believers upon whom Allah bestowed Islam and prophethood, {not of those who have evoked anger}, meaning: guide us away from the religion of those You are angry with, who are the Jews, {nor of those who are astray}, who are the Christians. Allah misguided them after guidance because of their disobedience; Allah became angry with them and made from them apes and swine and worshippers of the Taghut, meaning the devils. Those are worse in place in this world and the Hereafter, meaning: worse in abode, and more astray from the right path among the believers, meaning more astray from the rightly guided path among the Muslims. When the imam says: {nor of those who are astray}, say: Amin, and Allah will love you. He said: Yes, O Muhammad, this is your salvation and the salvation of your nation and whoever follows you in your religion from the Fire."
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Notes
[هب] البيهقى في شعب الإيمان وفى سنده ضعف وانقطاع، ويظهر لى أن فيه ألفاظًا مدرجة من قول ابن عباس
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