Jami' al-Saghir / Jam' al-Jawami' (al-Suyuti) 2-2950b
"عن محمد بن عائذ قال: قال الوليد: أخبرنى أبو عمرو وغيره أن عمر وأصحاب رسول اللَّه ﷺ أجمع رأيهم على إقرار ما كان بأيديهم من أرضهم يعمرونها ويؤدون منها خراجًا إلى المسلمين، فمن أسلم منهم رفع عن رأسه الخراج، وصار ما كان في يده من الأرض وداره بين أصحابه من أهل قريته يؤدون عنها ما كان يؤدى من خراجها، ويسلمون له ماله ورقيقه وحيوانه، وفرضوا له في ديوان المسلمين، وصار (من المسلمين له ما لهم وعليه ما عليهم ولا يرون أنه وإن أسلم أولى بما كان في يديه من أرضه من أصحابه) من أهل بيته وقرابته، ولا يجعلونها صافية للمسلمين، وسموا من ثبت منهم على دينه وقريته ذمة للمسلمين، ويرون أنه لا يصلح لأحد من المسلمين شراء ما في أيديهم من الأرضين، كرها لما احتجوا به على المسلمين من إمساكهم كان عن قتالهم وتركهم مظاهرة عدوهم من الروم عليهم، فهاب لذلك أصحاب رسول اللَّه ﷺ وولاة الأمر قسمهم وأخذ ما في أيديهم من تلك الأرضين، وكره المسلمون أيضًا شراءها طوعا لما كان من ظهور المسلمين على البلاد، وعلى من كان يقاتلهم عنها، ولتركهم كان البعثة إلى المسلمين وولاة الأمر في طلب الأمان قبل ظهورهم عليهم، قالوا: وكرهوا شراءها منهم (طوعا لما كان من إيقاف عمر وأصحاب الأرضين محبوسة على آخر الأمة من المسلمين المجاهدين، لا تُباعُ) ولا تُورثُ قوةً على جهادِ (من) لم يظهروا عليه بعد من المشركين، ولما ألزموه أنفسهم من إقامة فريضة الجهاد".
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Mḥmd b. ʿĀʾdh
- Qāl al-Wlyd Khbrná Bw ʿMrw Wghyrh n ʿMr Wʾṣḥāb Rswl Allāh Ṣlá Allāh
Machine translation, not reviewed
"On the authority of Muhammad ibn 'A'idh, who said: al-Walid said: Abu 'Amr and others informed me that 'Umar and the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ agreed to confirm what was in their hands of their land, which they cultivate and from which they pay kharaj to the Muslims. Whoever of them embraced Islam had the kharaj lifted from his head, and what was in his hand of the land and his house became shared among his companions from the people of his village, who pay on it what was paid of its kharaj, and they leave him his wealth, his slaves, and his animals. They enrolled him in the register of the Muslims, and he became (among the Muslims: he has what they have and is bound by what they are bound by), and they did not consider that he, even if he embraced Islam, had more right to what was in his hands of land than his companions from his household and relatives, and they did not make it pure property of the Muslims. They named those who remained upon their religion and village as dhimmis of the Muslims. They considered it impermissible for anyone among the Muslims to buy what was in their hands of lands, out of dislike for what they had argued against the Muslims concerning their withholding from fighting and their abandoning support for their enemy, the Romans, against them. Because of this, the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and the rulers were deterred from dividing them and seized what was in their hands of those lands. The Muslims also disliked buying them voluntarily because of the Muslims' victory over the lands and over those who fought them over them, and because of their abandonment, which was the sending to the Muslims and the rulers seeking safety before they prevailed over them.' They said: 'They also disliked buying them from them voluntarily, because of the stopping by 'Umar and the Companions of the lands, held in endowment for the last of the Muslim nation, the fighting mujahidin, not to be sold (nor inherited), as strength for fighting (those) they had not yet overcome among the polytheists, and because they had obligated themselves to establish the obligation of jihad.'"
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Notes
[كر] ابن عساكر في تاريخه
machine translation[Kar] Ibn ʿAsākir, in his Tārīkh.
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