Shu'ab al-Iman (al-Bayhaqi) 6075
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وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْكَعْبِيُّ، ثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ قُتَيْبَةَ، ثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، ثَنَا بُكَيْرُ بْنُ مَعْرُوفٍ، عَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ
أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ قَالَ: كَانَ يَخْطُبُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَيَقُومُ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ قَائِمًا، وَإِنَّ دِحْيَةَ الْكَلْبِيَّ كَانَ رَجُلًا تَاجِرًا وَكَانَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُسَلِّمَ إِذَا أَقْبَلَ بِتِجَارَتِهِ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، خَرَجَ النَّاسُ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَى مَا جَاءَ بِهِ، فَيَشْتَرُونَ مِنْهُ فَقَدِمَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ الْمَدِينَةَ، وَوَافَقَ الْجُمُعَةَ وَالنَّاسُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ، وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ يَخْطُبُ فَاسْتَقْبَلَ أَهْلُ دِحْيَةَ الْعِيرَ دَخَلُوا الْمَدِينَةَ بِالطَّبْلِ واللهْوِ، فَذَلِكَ اللهْوُ الَّذِي ذَكَرَ اللهُ فَسَمِعَ النَّاسُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ أَنَّ دِحْيَةَ قَدْ نَزَلَ بِتِجَارَةٍ عِنْدَ أَحْجَارِ الزَّيْتِ وَهُوَ مَكَانٌ فِي سُوقِ الْمَدِينَةِ وَسَمِعُوا أَصْوَاتًا، فَخَرَجَ عَامَّةُ النَّاسِ إِلَى دِحْيَةَ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَى تِجَارَتِهِ وَإِلَى اللهْوِ وَتَرَكُوا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَائِمًا لَيْسَ مَعَهُ كَثِيرُ أَحَدٍ، فَبَلَغَنِي وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُمْ فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ فِي كُلِّ مُرَّةٍ بَعِيرٌ تَقَدَّمَ مِنَ الشَّامِ لِلتِّجَارَةِ وَكَانَ ذَلِكَ يُوَافِقُ الْجُمُعَةَ. وَبَلَغَنَا أَنَّ الْعِدَّةَ الَّتِي بَقِيَتْ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ عِدَّةٌ قَلِيلَةٌ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ: " لَوْلَا هَؤُلَاءِ " - يَعْنِي هَؤُلَاءِ الَّذِينَ بَقُوا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ - " لِقَصَدَتْ إِلَيْهِمُ الْحِجَارَةُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ " وَنَزَلَ: {قُلْ مَا عِنْدَ اللهِ خَيْرٌ مِنَ اللهْوِ وَمَنَ التِّجَارَةِ وَاللهُ خَيْرُ الرَّازِقِينَ} [الجمعة: 11] " قَالَ الْحَلِيمِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: فَكَانَ خُرُوجُهُمْ إِلَيْهِ وَنَظَرُهُمْ إِلَى الْعِيرِ لَهْوًا لَا فَائِدَةَ فِيهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ كَانَ مِمَّا لَا مَأْثَمَ فِيهِ، لَوْ وَقَعَ عَلَى غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ الْوَجْهِ وَلَكِنَّهُ لَمَّا اتَّصَلَ بِهِ الْإِعْرَاضُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَالِانْفِضَاضُ عَنْ حَضَرَتِهِ، غَلُظَ وَكَبُرَ وَنَزَلَ فِيهِمْ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ وَتَهْجِينُهُ بِاسْمِ اللهْوِ مَا نَزَلَ وَجَاءَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ الَّذِي
Translation
Chain of narrators
machine translationAnd Abū ʿAbdillāh al-Ḥāfiẓ informed us: ʿUbaydullāh b. Muḥammad al-Kaʿbī informed us: Ismāʿīl b. Qutaybah narrated to us: Yazīd b. Ṣāliḥ narrated to us: Bukayr b. Maʿrūf narrated to us, from Muqātil b. Ḥayyān
Machine translation, not reviewed
That he said regarding this verse: The Prophet ﷺ used to deliver the sermon, standing, on the day of Friday. Dihyah al-Kalbī was a merchant, and before he became Muslim, whenever he came to Medina with his merchandise, the people would go out to see what he had brought and buy from him. One day he arrived in Medina, and it coincided with Friday, while the people were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the mosque, and he was standing delivering the sermon. The people of Dihyah met the caravan, and they entered Medina with drums and amusement; that is the amusement that Allah mentioned. The people in the mosque heard that Dihyah had arrived with merchandise at Aḥjār al-Zayt, which is a place in the market of Medina, and they heard sounds. So most of the people went out to Dihyah to look at his merchandise and at the amusement, and they left the Messenger of Allah ﷺ standing with hardly anyone with him. It has reached me, and Allah knows best, that they did that three times, each time with a caravan that had come from Syria for trade, and that coincided with Friday. And it reached us that the number who remained in the mosque with the Prophet ﷺ was small. So the Prophet ﷺ said at that time: "Were it not for these" - meaning those who remained in the mosque with the Prophet ﷺ - "stones would have been aimed at them from the sky." And there was revealed: {قُلْ مَا عِنْدَ اللهِ خَيْرٌ مِنَ اللهْوِ وَمَنَ التِّجَارَةِ وَاللهُ خَيْرُ الرَّازِقِينَ} [al-Jumuʿah: 11]. Al-Ḥalīmī, may Allah have mercy on him, said: Their going out to it and looking at the caravan was amusement in which there was no benefit, though it was something without sin had it happened in another manner. But when turning away from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and dispersing from his presence became connected with it, it became grave and serious, and what was revealed in the Qur'an about them and its disparagement under the name of amusement was revealed, and it came from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Then he mentioned the hadith which
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