Shu'ab al-Iman (al-Bayhaqi) 4779
✧ Guarding the tongue against boasting of forefathers, especially those of pre-Islamic times, and claiming greatness through them, which is unlawful
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ، ثنا أَبُو عَامِرٍ الْعَقَدِيُّ، وأنا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ، أنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الرَّزَّازُ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ الرِّيَاحِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو عَامِرٍ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ سَلَامٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَامٍ
قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو مَالِكٍ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ: " إِنَّ فِي أُمَّتِي أَرْبَعًا مِنْ أَمْرِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، لَيْسُوا بِتَارِكِيهِنَّ الْفَخْرَ فِي الْأَحْسَابِ، وَالطَّعْنَ فِي الْأَنْسَابِ، وَالِاسْتِسْقَاءَ بِالنُّجُومِ، وَالنِّيَاحَةَ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ، كَأَنَّ النَّائِحَةَ، إِنْ لَمْ تَتُبْ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَمُوتَ، فَإِنَّهَا تَقُومُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَلَيْهَا سِرْبَالٌ أَوْ سَرَاوِيلُ مِنْ قَطِرَانٍ - وَفِي رِوَايَةِ الْقَزَّازِ: سَرَابِيلُ مِنْ قَطِرَانٍ -، ثُمَّ يَغْلِي عَلَيْهَا دُرُوعُهَا مِنْ لَهَبِ النَّارِ ". أَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ مِنْ حَدِيثِ أَبَانَ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، فَإِنْ عُورِضَ هَذَا بِحَدِيثِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي اصْطِفَاءِ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ، فَقَدْ قَالَ الْحَلِيمِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: " لَمْ يُرِدْ بِذَلِكَ الْفَخْرَ، إِنَّمَا أَرَادَ تَعْرِيفَ مَنَازِلِ الْمَذْكُورِينَ وَمَرَاتِبِهِمْ، كَرَجُلٍ يَقُولُ: كَانَ أَبِي فَقِيهًا، لَا يُرِيدُ بِهِ الْفَخْرَ، وَإِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ بِهِ تَعْرِيفَ حَالِهِ دُونَ مَا عَدَاهُ، وَقَدْ يَكُونُ أَرَادَ بِهِ الْإِشَارَةَ بِنِعْمَةِ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ فِي نَفْسِهِ وَآبَائِهِ عَلَى وَجْهِ الشُّكْرِ، وَلَيْسَ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الِاسْتِطَالَةِ وَالْفَخْرِ فِي شَيْءٍ "
Translation
Chain of narrators
machine translationAbū ʿAbdillāh al-Ḥāfiẓ informed us, Abū al-ʿAbbās Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb narrated to us, Muḥammad b. Sinān narrated to us, Abū ʿĀmir al-ʿAqadī narrated to us; and Abū al-Ḥusayn b. Bishrān informed us, Abū Jaʿfar al-Razzāz informed us, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad b. Yazīd al-Riyāḥī narrated to us, Abū ʿĀmir narrated to us, ʿAlī b. al-Mubārak narrated to us, from Yaḥyā b. Abī Kathīr, from Zayd b. Sallām, from Abū Sallām.
Machine translation, not reviewed
He said: Abū Mālik al-Ashʿarī said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Among my community there are four matters of the Jahiliyyah which they will not abandon: boasting about lineage, slandering genealogies, seeking rain by the stars, and wailing over the dead. The wailing woman, if she does not repent before she dies, will stand on the Day of Resurrection wearing a shirt or trousers of tar - and in the narration of al-Qazzāz: shirts of tar - then her coats of mail will boil upon her from the flame of the Fire." Muslim recorded it from the hadith of Abān, from Yaḥyā b. Abī Kathīr. If this is set against the hadith of the Prophet ﷺ about the choosing of Banū Hāshim, then al-Ḥalīmī, may Allah have mercy on him, said: "He did not intend boasting by that; he only intended to make known the stations and ranks of those mentioned, like a man who says: My father was a jurist, not intending boasting by it, but only to make known his situation apart from others. It may also be that he intended by it to point to the favour of Allah upon himself and his forefathers by way of gratitude, and that is in no way a matter of arrogance or boasting."
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