Shu'ab al-Iman (al-Bayhaqi) 4758
✧ A Muslim should guard his tongue against singing
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وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظٌ، نا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْقَارِي، نا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الدَّارِمِيٌّ، نا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ الْخَبَائِرِيُّ، نا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ قَالَ: سَأَلَ أَبِي الزُّهْرِيَّ وَأَنَا أَسْمَعُ، هَلْ كَانَ مِنْ
رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ رُخْصَةُ فِي الْغِنَاءِ، فَقَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ: نَعَمْ" خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ، فَإِذَا هُوَ بِجَارِيَةٍ فِي يَدِهَا دُفٌّ تُغَنِّي، فَلَمَّا رَأَتْ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ تَخَوَّفَتْ وَأَشْفَقَتْ وَأَنْشَأَتْ تَقُولُ: [البحر الكامل] يَا أَيُّهَا الرُّكَبُ الْمُحَوِّلُ رَحْلَهُ... هَلَّا نَزَلْتَ بِدَارِ عَبْدِ مَنَافِ ثَكِلَتْكَ أُمُّكَ لَوْ نَزَلْتَ بِدَارِهِمْ... مَنَعُوكَ مِنْ ضَيْمٍ وَمِنْ أَقْرَافِ . وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ جَمَاعَةٍ مِنَ الصَّحَابَةَ ؓ تَرَنُّمَهُمْ بِالْأَشْعَارِ، وَهَذَا فِي الْأَشْعَارِ الَّتِي يَكُونُ إِنْشَادُهَا حَلَالًا، وَيَكُونُ التُّرَنُّمُ بِهَا فِي بَعْضِ الْأَحَايِينِ دُونَ بَعْضٍ، فَإِنْ كَانَ يُغَنِّي بِهَا فَيَتَّخِذُ الْغِنَاءَ صِنَاعَةً يُؤْتَى عَلَيْهِ، وَيَأْتِي لَهُ، وَيَكُونُ مَنْسُوبًا إِلَيْهِ مَشْهُورًا بِهِ"، فَقَدْ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحْمَةُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ:" لَا تَجُوزُ شَهَادَتُهُ، وَذَلِكُ أَنَّهُ مِنَ اللهْوِ الْمَكْرُوهِ الَّذِي يُشْبِهِ الْبَاطِلَ، وَإِنَّ مَنْ صَنَعَ هَذَا كَانَ مَنْسُوبًا إِلَى السَّفَهِ، وَسَقَاطَةَ الْمُرُوءَةَ، وَمَنْ رَضِيَ هَذَا لِنَفْسِهِ كَانَ مُسْتَحِقًّا، وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ مُحَرَّمًا بَيِّنَ التَّحْرِيمِ"، قَالَ: الشَّيْخُ أَحْمَدُ:" وَإِنْ لَمْ يُدَاوِمْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ لَكِنَّهُ ضَرَبَ عَلَيْهِ بِالْأَوْتَارِ، فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ لَا يَجُوزُ بِحَالٍ، وَذَلِكَ لِأَنَّ ضَرْبَ الْأَوْتَارِ دُونَ الْغِنَاءِ غَيْرُ جَائِزٍ لِمَا فِيهِ مِنَ الْأَخْبَارِ" وَبِمَعْنَاهُ ذَكَرَهُ الْحَلِيمِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَغَيْرُهُ
Translation
Chain of narrators
machine translationAnd Abū ʿAbdillāh al-Ḥāfiẓ informed us: Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm b. Ismāʿīl al-Qārī narrated to us: ʿUthmān b. Saʿīd al-Dārimī narrated to us: ʿUbaydullāh b. ʿAbd al-Jabbār al-Khabāʾirī narrated to us: ʿAbdullāh b. Ḥumayd narrated to us, he said: My father asked al-Zuhrī while I was listening, was there any of
Machine translation, not reviewed
…of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, a concession regarding singing? Al-Zuhrī said: Yes. "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ went out, and there was a girl with a tambourine in her hand, singing. When she saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ she became fearful and apprehensive, and began to say: [Metre: al-Kāmil] O rider who is shifting his saddle... why did you not alight at the abode of ʿAbd Manāf? May your mother be bereaved of you! Had you alighted at their abode... they would have protected you from wrong and from [evil] acquisitions. And we have narrated from a group of the Companions ؓ that they would chant poetry. This applies to poetry whose recitation is lawful, and chanting it is at some times and not others. But if one sings it and takes singing as a profession, so that it is brought to him and comes from him, and he is attributed to it and known for it", then al-Shāfiʿī, may Allah have mercy on him, said: "His testimony is not accepted, because it is a disliked amusement resembling falsehood, and whoever does this is ascribed to foolishness and lack of honour, and whoever is content with this for himself deserves [that], even if it is not clearly forbidden." Shaykh Aḥmad said: "And if he does not persist in that, but he strikes the strings for it, that is not permissible in any case, because striking the strings, even without singing, is not permissible, on account of the reports concerning it." Al-Ḥalīmī, may Allah have mercy on him, and others mentioned the like of this.
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