Shu'ab al-Iman (al-Bayhaqi) 31
✧ The increase and decrease of faith, and believers’ differing degrees of faith
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أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ، حدثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، حدثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ الْمَرْثَدِيُّ، حدثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عِيسَى، حدثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ، حدثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ بُزُرْجٍ...،
فَذَكَرَهُ " وَهَذَا أَيْضًا يَدُلُّ عَلَى تَفَاوُتِهِمْ فِي الْيَقِينِ، وَأَمَّا قَوْلُ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: {الْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ} [المائدة: 3] وَمَا وَرَدَ فِي مَعْنَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَمْنَعُ مِنْ قَوْلِنَا بِزِيَادَةِ الْإِيمَانِ وَنُقْصَانِهِ لِأَنَّ مَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ {الْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ} [المائدة: 3] أَيْ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ وَضْعَهُ فَلَا أَفْرُضُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا لَمْ أَفْرُضْهُ عَلَيْكُمْ إِلَى الْيَوْمِ، وَلَا أَضَعُ عَنْكُمْ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ مَا قَدْ فَرَضْتُهُ قَبْلَ الْيَوْمِ فَلَا تَغْلِيظَ مِنَ الْآنَ وَلَا تَخْفِيفَ، وَلَا نَسْخَ وَلَا تَبْدِيلَ، وَلَيْسَ مَعْنَاهُ أَنَّهُ أَكْمَلَ لَنَا دِينَنَا مِنْ قَبْلِ أَفْعَالِنَا لِأَنَّ ذَلِكَ لَوْ كَانَ كَذَلِكَ لَسَقَطَ عَنِ الْمُخَاطَبِينَ بِالْآيَةِ الدَّوَامُ عَلَى الْإِيمَانِ لِأَنَّ الدِّينَ قَدْ كَمُلَ، وَلَيْسَ بَعْدَ الْكَمَالِ شَيْءٌ، فَإِذَا كَانَ الدَّوَامُ عَلَى الْإِيمَانِ مُسْتَقْبَلًا وَهُوَ إِيمَانٌ فَكَذَلِكَ الطَّاعَاتُ الْبَاقِيَةُ الَّتِي تَجِبُ شَيْئًا فَشَيْئًا كُلُّهَا إِيمَانٌ، وَالْكَمَالٌ رَاجِعٌ إِلَى إِكْمَالِ الشَّرْعِ وَالْوَضْعِ لَا إِلَى إِكْمَالِ أَدَاءِ الْمُؤَدِّينَ لَهُ وَقِيَامِ الْقَائِمِينَ بِهِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ "
Translation
Chain of narrators
machine translationʿAlī b. Aḥmad b. ʿAbdān informed us, Aḥmad b. ʿUbayd al-Ṣaffār narrated to us, Aḥmad b. Bishr al-Marthadī narrated to us, Aḥmad b. ʿĪsā narrated to us, ʿAbdullāh b. Wahb narrated to us, Saʿīd b. Abī Ayyūb narrated to us, from ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Buzurj...
Machine translation, not reviewed
He mentioned it. "This also indicates the differences among them in certainty. As for the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: {الْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ} [al-Māʾidah: 3], and what has been reported with a similar meaning, it does not prevent us from saying that faith increases and decreases. For the meaning of His saying {الْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ} [al-Māʾidah: 3] is: I have completed its laying down for you, so I will not impose on you after this what I had not imposed on you up to today, and I will not lift from you after today what I imposed before today. So there is no making it stricter from now on and no making it lighter, no abrogation and no change. Its meaning is not that He completed our religion for us before our deeds, because if that were so, continuing in faith would be dropped from those addressed by the verse, since the religion would already be complete, and after completion there is nothing. But if continuing in faith in the future is itself faith, then likewise the remaining acts of obedience, which become obligatory little by little, are all faith. The completion refers to the completion of the Law and its laying down, not to the completion of the performance of those who perform it and the upholding of those who uphold it. And Allah knows best."
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Grades by grader
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