Shu'ab al-Iman (al-Bayhaqi) 1409
✧ Our Prophet’s ﷺ distinction in prophethood
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، حدثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، حدثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الصَّغَانِيُّ، حدثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ حدثنا لَيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ الْهَادِ، عَنْ عَمْروِ بْنِ أَبِي عَمْرٍو، عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ:
سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَقُولُ: " إِنِّي أَوَّلُ النَّاسِ تَنْشَقُّ الْأَرْضُ عَنْ جُمْجُمَتِي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَلَا فَخْرَ، وَأُعْطَى لِوَاءَ الْحَمْدِ وَلَا فَخْرَ، وَأَنَا سَيِّدُ النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَلَا فَخْرَ، وَأَنَا أَوَّلُ مَنْ يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَلَا فَخْرَ " ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ حَدِيثَ الشَّفَاعَةِ بِطُولِهِ. قَالَ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: " وَمَعنى قَوْلُهُ: " وَلَا فَخْرَ " أَيْ: لَا أَقَوْلُُ مُتَطَاوِلًا وَلَا متبذخا بِهِ عَلَى أَحَدٍ، وَلَمْ يَرِدْ أَنَّهُ لَا فَخْرَ لَهُ فِيهِ فَإِنَّ لَهُ فَخْرًا أَعْظَمَ الْفَخْرِ ﷺ، وَمِنْهَا: أَنَّهُ ﷺ فِي الدُّنْيَا أَكْثَرُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ أَعْلَامًا، وَمَعْلُومٌ أَنَّ أَقَلَّ الْأَعْلَامِ إِذَا كَانَ يُوجِبُ الْفَضِيلَةَ فَإِنَّ كَثْرَةَ الْأَعْلَامِ تُوجِبُ كَثْرَةَ الْفَضِيلَةِ وكَثْرَتُهاَ تُوجِبُ لِصَاحِبِهَا اسْمَ الْأَفْضَلِ " وَقَدْ ذَكَرَ الْحَلِيمِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ مِنْ أَعْلَامِ الْمُصْطَفَى ﷺ، وَآيَاتِهِ وَدَلَالَاتِ صَدْقِهِ أَخْبَارًا كَثِيرَةً قَدْ ذَكَرْنَاهَا بِأَسَانِيدِهَا فِي كِتَابِ دَلَائِلِ النُّبُوَّةِ مَنْ أَرَادَهَا رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ بِتَوْفِيقِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ. قَالَ: " وَمِمَّا يَدُلُّ عَلَى فَضْلِ نَبِيِّنَا ﷺ، أَنَّ اللهَ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ لَمْ يُخَاطِبْهُ فِي الْقُرْآنِ قَطُّ إِلَّا بِالنَّبِيِّ أَوِ الرَّسُولِ وَلَمْ يُنَادِهِ بِاسْمِهِ، فَقَالَ: يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ، يَا أَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ، وَأَمَّا سَائِرُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ عَلَيْهِمِ السَّلَامُ فَإِنَّهُ دَعَاهُمْ بِأَسْمَائِهِمْ، فَقَالَ تَعَالَى: {يَا آدَمُ اسْكُنْ أَنْتَ وَزَوْجُكَ الْجَنَّةَ} [البقرة: 35] وَقَالَ: {يَا آدَمُ أَنْبِئْهُمْ بِأَسْمَائِهِمْ} [البقرة: 33] وَقَالَ: {يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ أَعْرِضْ عَنْ هَذَا} [هود: 76] وَقَالَ: {يُوسُفُ أَعْرِضْ عَنْ هَذَا} [يوسف: 29] وَقَالَ: {يَا مُوسَى إِنِّي أَنَا اللهُ} [القصص: 30] وَقَالَ: {يَا عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ أَأَنْتَ قُلْتَ لِلنَّاسِ اتَّخِذُونِي وَأُمِّيَ إِلَهَيْنِ مِنْ دُونِ اللهِ} [المائدة: 116] " وَبَسَطَ الْكَلَامَ فِي هَذَا. " وَمِمَّا يَدُلُّ عَلَى فَضْلِهِ ﷺ، مَا وَرَدَ بِهِ الْخَبَرُ مِنْ أَنَّ آدَمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يكَنَّى فِي الْجَنَّةِ أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ، فَلَوْلَا أَنَّهُ أَفْضَلُ النَّبِيِّينَ لَمَا خُصَّ عِنْدَ الْقَصْدِ إِلَى أَنْ يُكَنَّى بِاسْمِ أَحَدِهِمِ اسْمُ نَبِيِّنَا ﷺ فَكَنَّى بِهِ دُونَ اسْمِ غَيْرِهِ وَفِي تَخْصِيصِهِ بِذَلِكَ مَا دَلَّ عَلَى أَنَّهُ أَفْضَلُهُمْ وَأَوْلَاهُمْ بِأَنْ يحملَ آدَمُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ بِأَنْ يُدْعَى أَبَاهُ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ "
Translation
Chain of narrators
machine translationAbū ʿAbdillāh al-Ḥāfiẓ informed us, Abū al-ʿAbbās b. Yaʿqūb narrated to us, Muḥammad b. Isḥāq al-Ṣaghānī narrated to us, Yūnus b. Muḥammad narrated to us, Layth b. Saʿd narrated to us, from Yazīd b. al-Hād, from ʿAmr b. Abī ʿAmr, from Anas, who said:
Machine translation, not reviewed
I heard the Prophet ﷺ say: "I am the first of people from whose skull the earth will be split open on the Day of Resurrection, and there is no boasting; I will be given the banner of praise, and there is no boasting; I am the master of the people on the Day of Resurrection, and there is no boasting; and I am the first to enter Paradise on the Day of Resurrection, and there is no boasting." Then he mentioned the hadith of intercession in full. Al-Bayhaqī, may God have mercy on him, said: "The meaning of his saying: 'and there is no boasting' is: I do not say it out of arrogance, nor to vaunt myself over anyone by it. It does not mean that he has no cause for pride in it, for he ﷺ has the greatest pride. Among these: in this world he ﷺ had more signs than any of the prophets, peace be upon them. It is known that if even the fewest signs necessitate excellence, then a multitude of signs necessitates a multitude of excellence, and a multitude of it entitles its possessor to the name 'the most excellent.'" Al-Ḥalīmī, may God have mercy on him, mentioned many reports of the signs of the Chosen One ﷺ, his miracles and the proofs of his truthfulness, which we have mentioned with their chains of transmission in the Book of the Proofs of Prophethood; whoever wants them may refer to it, with the success granted by God, Mighty and Majestic. He said: "Among the things that indicate the virtue of our Prophet ﷺ is that God, glorified be His praise, never addressed him in the Qur'an except as 'the Prophet' or 'the Messenger' and did not call him by his name. He said: 'O Prophet', 'O Messenger'. As for the rest of the prophets, peace be upon them, He called them by their names. The Exalted said: {يَا آدَمُ اسْكُنْ أَنْتَ وَزَوْجُكَ الْجَنَّةَ} [al-Baqarah: 35], and He said: {يَا آدَمُ أَنْبِئْهُمْ بِأَسْمَائِهِمْ} [al-Baqarah: 33], and He said: {يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ أَعْرِضْ عَنْ هَذَا} [Hūd: 76], and He said: {يُوسُفُ أَعْرِضْ عَنْ هَذَا} [Yūsuf: 29], and He said: {يَا مُوسَى إِنِّي أَنَا اللهُ} [al-Qaṣaṣ: 30], and He said: {يَا عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ أَأَنْتَ قُلْتَ لِلنَّاسِ اتَّخِذُونِي وَأُمِّيَ إِلَهَيْنِ مِنْ دُونِ اللهِ} [al-Māʾidah: 116]" And he expanded on this discussion. "Among the things that indicate his virtue ﷺ is what has been reported, that Adam, peace be upon him, is given the epithet Abū Muḥammad in Paradise. Had he not been the most excellent of the prophets, the name of our Prophet ﷺ would not have been singled out when it was intended that Adam be called by the name of one of them, so that he was given the epithet with it rather than with the name of anyone else. In singling him out for this there is an indication that he is the most excellent of them and the most deserving that Adam, peace be upon him, be called his father. And God knows best."
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