Shu'ab al-Iman (al-Bayhaqi) 1370
✧ The eloquence and clarity of the Prophet ﷺ
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ، أخبرنا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ الْفَاكِهِيُّ بِمَكَّةَ، حدثنا أَبُو يَحْيَى عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا بْنِ أَبِي مَسَرَّةَ، حدثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يَزِيدَ الْمُقْرِئُ، حدثنا حَيْوَةُ بْنُ شُرَيْحٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ الْمَلِكِ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ
يَقُولُ: إِنَّ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقَ ؓ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ من عَامَ أَوَّلِ وَاسْتَعْبَرَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَبَكَى ثُمَّ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: " لَمْ تُؤْتُوا بَعْدَ كَلِمَةِ الْإِخْلَاصِ مِثْلَ الْعَافِيَةِ فَسَلُوا اللهَ الْعَافِيَةَ " قَالَ الْحَلِيمِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: " وَمِمَّا يَدْخُلُ فِي حُسْنِ الْجَوَابِ مَعَ وَجَازَةِ الْكَلَامِ جَوَابُهُ عَنْ كِتَابِ مُسَيْلِمَةَ إِلَيْهِ إِذْ كَتَبَ: أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنِّي أُشْرِكْتُ فِي الْأَمْرِ مَعَكَ فَلِيَ نِصْفُ الْأَرْضِ وَلَكَ نِصْفُهَا، وَلَكِنَّ قُرَيْشًا يَعْتَدُونَ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ: " بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللهِ إِلَى مُسَيْلِمَةَ الْكَذَّابِ سَلَامٌ عَلَى مَنِ اتَّبَعَ الْهُدَى أَمَّا بَعْدُ، فَإِنَّ الْأَرْضَ لِلَّهِ يُورِثُهَا مَنْ يَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ، وَالْعَاقِبَةُ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ " أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، حدثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، حدثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ، حدثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، فَذَكَرَهُ.... غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنِّي قَدِ أشَْرَكْتُ فِي الْأَمْرِ معك وَإِنَّ لَنَا نِصْفَ الْأَمْرِ وَلِقُرَيْشٍ نِصْفَ الْأَمْرِ وَلَكِنَّ قُرَيْش قَوْمٌ يَعْتَدُونَ، ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ جَوَابَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ عَلَى مَا كَتَبَنا. قَالَ الْحَلِيمِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: " وَمِنْ جَوَامِعِ كَلَمِهِ ﷺ الْمُسْلِمُونَ تَتَكَافَأُ دِمَاؤُهُمْ، وَيَسْعَى بِذِمَّتِهِمْ أَدْنَاهُمْ، وَهُمْ يَدٌ عَلَى مَنْ سِوَاهُمْ، لَا يُقْتَلْ مُؤْمِنٌ بِكَافِرٍ، وَلَا ذُو عَهْدٍ فِي عَهْدٍه، فَإِنْ كَلَ فَصْلٌ مِنْ فُصُولِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ إِذْا بَسْطٌ اقْتَضَى كَلَامًا كثيراً وَشَرْحًا طَوِيلًا " قَالَ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: " وَقَدْ ذَكَرْنَا إِسْنَادَهُ فِي كِتَابِ الجراح مِنْ كِتَابِ السُّنَنِ، وَلِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ مِنْ هَذَا الْجِنْسِ أَلْفَاظٌ كَثِيرَةٌ لَا يَحْتَمِلُ هَذَا الْمَوْضِعُ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ هَذَا "
Translation
Chain of narrators
machine translationAbū Muḥammad b. Yūsuf al-Aṣbahānī informed us, Abū Muḥammad ʿAbdullāh b. Muḥammad b. Isḥāq al-Fākihī informed us in Mecca, Abū Yaḥyā ʿAbdullāh b. Aḥmad b. Zakariyyā b. Abī Masarrah narrated to us, ʿAbdullāh b. Yazīd al-Muqriʾ narrated to us, Ḥaywah b. Shurayḥ narrated to us, he said: I heard ʿAbd al-Malik b. al-Ḥārith
Machine translation, not reviewed
He said: Abū Hurayrah said: I heard Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq ؓ on the pulpit say: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on this day in the first year—and Abū Bakr wept and shed tears—then he said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: "After the word of sincerity (al-ikhlāṣ), you have not been given anything like well-being (al-ʿāfiyah), so ask Allah for well-being." Al-Ḥalīmī, may Allah have mercy on him, said: "Among what falls under excellence of reply together with brevity of speech is his reply to the letter of Musaylimah to him, when he wrote: To proceed: I have been made a partner with you in the matter, so half of the earth is mine and half is yours, but Quraysh are transgressors. So he wrote to him: 'In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. From Muḥammad, the Messenger of Allah, to Musaylimah the liar. Peace be upon whoever follows the guidance. To proceed: the earth belongs to Allah; He gives it as inheritance to whom He wills of His servants, and the outcome is for the God-fearing.'" Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ informed us, Abū al-ʿAbbās Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb narrated to us, Aḥmad b. ʿAbd al-Jabbār narrated to us, Yūnus b. Bukayr narrated to us, from Ibn Isḥāq, and he mentioned it... except that he said: To proceed: I have been made a partner in the matter with you, and half of the matter is ours and half of the matter belongs to Quraysh, but Quraysh are a people who transgress. Then he mentioned the reply of the Prophet ﷺ as we have written. Al-Ḥalīmī, may Allah have mercy on him, said: "Among his ﷺ comprehensive sayings: The Muslims' blood is equal in value; the least of them may strive to give protection on their behalf; and they are one hand against all others. A believer is not killed for a disbeliever, nor is one under a covenant during his covenant. Every section of this hadith, if expanded, would require much discussion and a lengthy explanation." Al-Bayhaqī, may Allah have mercy on him, said: "We have mentioned its chain of transmission in the Book of Wounds (al-Jirāḥ) in the Book of the Sunan. The Prophet ﷺ has many expressions of this kind, and this place cannot accommodate more than this."
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