Dalil
العربية

al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Nasa'i) 8712

✧ The Jizyah

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أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَلَامٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ الْأَزْرَقُ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنَ مَرْثَدٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا أَمَرَ أَمِيرًا عَلَى سَرِيَّةٍ أَوْ جَيْشٍ أَوْصَاهُ فِي خَاصَّةِ نَفْسِهِ بِتَقْوَى اللهِ وَبِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُسْلِمِينَ وَقَالَ اغْزُوا بِاسْمِ اللهِ وَفِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ اغْزُوا وَلَا تَغُلُّوا وَلَا تُمَثِّلُوا وَلَا تَغْدِرُوا وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا وَلِيدًا فَإِذَا أَنْتَ لَقِيتَ عَدُوَّكَ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَادْعُهُمْ إِلَى ثَلَاثٍ فَأَيَّتُهُنَّ مَا أَجَابُوكَ إِلَيْهَا فَاقْبَلْ مِنْهُمْ وَكُفَّ عَنْهُمُ ادْعُهُمْ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ فَإِنْ أَجَابُوكَ فَاقْبَلْ مِنْهُمْ وَكَفَّ عَنْهُمْ ثُمَّ ادْعُهُمْ إِلَى أَنْ يَتَحَوَّلُوا مِنْ دَارِهِمْ إِلَى دَارِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَأَخْبِرْهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ إِنْ فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ فَلَهُمْ مَا لِلْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَعَلَيْهِمْ مَا عَلَى الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَإِنْ هُمْ أَبَوْا أَنْ يَتَحَوَّلُوا إِلَى دَارِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ فَأَخْبِرْهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ يَكُونُونَ كَأَعْرَابِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يَجْرِي عَلَيْهِمْ حُكْمُ اللهِ كَمَا يَجْرِي عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَلَا يَكُونُ لَهُمْ فِي الْفَيْءِ وَلَا فِي الْغَنِيمَةِ شَيْءٌ إِلَّا أَنْ يُجَاهِدُوا مَعَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَبَوْا فَاسْأَلْهُمْ إِعْطَاءَ الْجِزْيَةِ فَإِنْ فَعَلُوا فَاقْبَلْ مِنْهُمْ وَكُفَّ عَنْهُمْ فَإِنْ أَبَوْا فَاسْتَعِنْ بِاللهِ وَقَاتِلْهُمْ فَإِنْ حَاصَرْتَ أَهْلَ حِصْنٍ فَسَأَلُوكَ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ لَهُمْ ذِمَّةَ اللهِ وَذِمَّةَ نَبِيِّكَ فَلَا تَجْعَلْ لَهُمْ ذِمَّةَ اللهِ وَلَا ذِمَّةَ نَبِيِّكَ وَلَكِنِ اجْعَلْ لَهُمْ ذِمَّتَكَ وَذِمَّةَ أَبِيكَ وَذِمَّةَ أَصْحَابِكَ فَإِنَّكُمْ أَنْ تَغْدُرُوا بِذِمَمِكُمْ وَذِمَمِ آبَائِكُمْ أَهْوَنُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْ أَنْ تَغْدُرُوا ذِمَّةَ اللهِ وَذِمَّةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ فَإِنْ أَنْتَ حَاصَرْتَ أَهْلَ حِصْنٍ فَسَأَلُوكَ أَنْ تُنْزِلَهُمْ عَلَى حُكْمِ اللهِ فَلَا تُنْزِلْهُمْ عَلَى حُكْمِ اللهِ وَلَكِنْ أَنْزِلْهُمْ عَلَى حُكْمِكَ فَإِنَّكَ لَا تَدْرِي أَتُصِيبُ حُكْمَ اللهِ فِيهِمْ أَمْ لَا؟ قَالَ عَلْقَمَةُ فَحَدَّثْتُ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ مُقَاتِلَ بْنَ حَيَّانَ فَقَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مُسْلِمُ بْنُ هَيْصَمٍ الْعَبْدِيُّ عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ مُقَرِّنٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِمِثْلِهِ

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. ʿAbd al-Raḥman b. Muḥammad b. Salām
  2. Isḥāq al-Azraq
  3. Sufyān
  4. ʿAlqamah b. Marthad
  5. Sulaymān b. Buraydah from his father

✧ When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ appointed a commander over a detachment or an army, he enjoined him privately to fear Allah and to be good to the believers and Muslims, and he said: "Fight in the name of Allah and in the path of Allah. Fight, and do not misappropriate spoils, do not mutilate, do not act treacherously, and do not kill a child. When you meet your enemy from the polytheists, invite them to three things; whichever of them they respond to, accept from them and refrain from them. Invite them to Islam; if they respond to you, accept from them and refrain from them. Then invite them to move from their homes to the home of the emigrants, and inform them that if they do that, they will have what the emigrants have and owe what the emigrants owe. If they refuse to move to the home of the emigrants, then inform them that they will be like the Bedouin Muslims: the ruling of Allah will apply to them as it applies to the believers, but they will have no share in the fay' or the booty unless they strive with the Muslims. If they refuse, then ask them to pay the jizyah; if they do, accept from them and refrain from them. If they refuse, then seek help from Allah and fight them. If you besiege the people of a fortress and they ask you to grant them the protection of Allah and the protection of your Prophet, do not grant them the protection of Allah or the protection of your Prophet, but grant them your protection and the protection of your father and your companions, for it is easier for you to break your own protection and that of your fathers than to break the protection of Allah and the protection of His Messenger. If you besiege the people of a fortress and they ask you to send them down according to the judgment of Allah, do not send them down according to the judgment of Allah, but send them down according to your own judgment, for you do not know whether you will attain the judgment of Allah concerning them or not." 'Alqamah said: I narrated this hadith to Muqatil b. Hayyan, and he said: Muslim b. Haysam al-'Abdi narrated to me from al-Nu'man b. Muqarrin from the Prophet ﷺ something similar.

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