Dalil
العربية

al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 5026

✧ The birth of our master the Messenger of Allah ﷺ

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أَخْبَرَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ جَرِيرِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ إِسْحَاقَ يَقُولُ: حَدَّثَنِي جَهْمُ بْنُ أَبِي الْجَهْمِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ، أَوْ عَنْ مَنْ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ ؓ، قَالَ:

لَمَّا وُلِدَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَدِمَتْ حَلِيمَةُ بِنْتُ الْحَارِثِ فِي نِسْوَةٍ مِنْ بَنِي سَعْدِ بْنِ بَكْرٍ يَلْتَمِسْنَ الرُّضَعَاءَ بِمَكَّةَ، قَالَتْ حَلِيمَةُ: فَخَرَجْتُ فِي أَوَائِلِ النِّسْوَةِ عَلَى أَتَانٍ لِي قَمْرَاءَ، وَمَعِي زَوْجِي الْحَارِثُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى، أَحَدُ بَنِي سَعْدِ بْنِ بَكْرٍ، ثُمَّ أَحَدُ بَنِي نَاصِرَةَ، قَدْ أَدِمَتْ أَتَانُنَا، وَمَعِي بِالرَّكْبِ شَارِفٌ، وَاللهِ مَا تَبِضُّ بِقَطْرَةٍ مِنْ لَبَنٍ فِي سَنَةٍ شَهْبَاءَ، قَدْ جَاعَ النَّاسُ حَتَّى خَلَصَ إِلَيْهِمُ الْجَهْدُ، وَمَعِي ابْنٌ لِي، وَاللهِ مَا يَنَامُ لَيْلَنَا، وَمَا أَجِدُ فِي ثَدْيَيَّ شَيْئًا أُعَلِّلُهُ بِهِ، إِلَّا أَنَّا نَرْجُو الْغَيْثَ، وَكَانَتْ لَنَا غَنَمٌ، فَنَحْنُ نَرْجُوهَا، فَلَمَّا قَدِمْنَا مَكَّةَ فَمَا بَقِيَ مِنَّا أَحَدٌ إِلَّا عُرِضَ عَلَيْهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَكَرِهَتْهُ، فَقُلْنَا: إِنَّهُ يَتِيمٌ، وَإِنَّمَا يُكْرِمُ الظِّئْرَ وَيُحْسِنُ إِلَيْهَا الْوَالِدُ، فَقُلْنَا: مَا عَسَى أَنْ تَصْنَعَ بِنَا أُمُّهُ أَوْ عَمُّهُ أَوْ جَدُّهُ، فَكُلُّ صَوَاحِبِي أَخَذَ رَضِيعًا وَلَمْ أَجِدْ شَيْئًا، فَلَمَّا لَمْ أَجِدْ غَيْرَهُ رَجَعْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَأَخَذْتُهُ، وَاللهِ مَا أَخَذْتُهُ إِلَّا أَنِّي لَمْ أَجِدْ غَيْرَهُ، فَقُلْتُ لِصَاحِبِي: وَاللهِ لَآخُذَنَّ الْيَتِيمَ مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، فَعَسَى اللهُ أَنْ يَنْفَعَنَا بِهِ، وَلَا أَرْجِعُ مِنْ بَيْنِ صَوَاحِبِي وَلَا آخُذُ شَيْئًا، فَقَالَ: قَدْ أَصَبْتِ، قَالَتْ: فَأَخَذْتُهُ، فَأَتَيْتُ بِهِ الرَّحْلَ، فَوَاللهِ مَا هُوَ إِلَّا أَنْ أَتَيْتُ بِهِ الرَّحْلَ فَأَمْسَيْتُ أَفْتِلُ ثَدْيَايَ بِاللَّبَنِ حَتَّى أَرْوَيْتُهُ وَأَرْوَيْتُ أَخَاهُ، وَقَامَ أَبُوهُ إِلَى شَارِفِنَا تِلْكَ يَلْمَسُهَا، فَإِذَا هِيَ حَافِلٌ فَحَلَبَهَا، فَأَرْوَانِي وَرَوِيَ، فَقَالَ: يَا حَلِيمَةُ، تَعْلَمِينَ، وَاللهِ لَقَدْ أَصَبْتِ نَسَمَةً مُبَارَكَةً، وَلَقَدْ أَعْطَى اللهُ تَعَالَى عَلَيْهِمَا مَا لَمْ نَتَمَنَّ، قَالَتْ: فَبِتْنَا بِخَيْرِ لَيْلَةٍ شِبَاعًا، وَكُنَّا لَا نَنَامُ لَيْلَنَا مَعَ صَبِيِّنَا، ثُمَّ اغْتَدَيْنَا رَاجِعِينَ إِلَى بِلَادِنَا أَنَا وَصَوَاحِبِي، فَرَكِبْتُ أَتَانِي الْقَمْرَاءَ فَحَمَلْتُهُ مَعِي، فَوَالَّذِي نَفْسُ حَلِيمَةَ بِيَدِهِ لَقَطَعْتُ بِالرَّكْبِ، حَتَّى إِنَّ النِّسْوَةَ لَيَقُلْنَ: أَمْسِكِي عَلَيْنَا، أَهَذِهِ أَتَانُكِ الَّتِي خَرَجْتِ عَلَيْهَا ؟ فَقُلْتُ: نَعَمْ، فَقَالُوا: إِنَّهَا كَانَتْ أَدِمَتْ حِينَ أَقْبَلْنَا، فَمَا شَأْنُهَا ؟ قَالَتْ: فَقُلْتُ: وَاللهِ لَقَدْ حَمَلْتُ عَلَيْهَا غُلَامًا مُبَارَكًا، قَالَتْ: فَخَرَجْنَا فَمَا زَالَ يَزِيدُنَا اللهُ تَعَالَى فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ خَيْرًا، حَتَّى قَدِمْنَا وَالْبِلَادُ سَنَةٌ، فَلَقَدْ كَانَتْ رُعَاتُنَا يُسَرِّحُونَ، ثُمَّ يُرِيحُونَ، فَتَرُوحُ أَغْنَامُ بَنِي سَعْدٍ جِيَاعًا، وَتَرُوحُ غَنَمِي شِبَاعًا بِطَانًا حُفَّلًا، فَتُحْلَبُ وَنَشْرَبُ، فَيَقُولُونَ: مَا شَأْنُ غَنَمِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى وَغَنَمِ حَلِيمَةَ تَرُوحُ شِبَاعًا حُفَّلًا وَتَرُوحُ غَنَمُكُمْ جِيَاعًا، وَيْلَكُمُ اسْرَحُوا حَيْثُ تَسْرَحُ رِعَاؤُكُمْ، فَيُسَرِّحُونَ مَعَهُمْ فَمَا تَرُوحُ إِلَّا جِيَاعًا كَمَا كَانَتْ، وَتَرْجِعُ غَنَمِي كَمَا كَانَتْ، قَالَتْ: وَكَانَ ﷺ يَشِبُّ شَبَابًا مَا يَشِبُّهُ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْغِلْمَانِ، يَشِبُّ فِي الْيَوْمِ شَبَابَ الْغُلَامِ فِي الشَّهْرِ، وَيَشِبُّ فِي الشَّهْرِ شَبَابَ السَّنَةِ، فَلَمَّا اسْتَكْمَلَ ﷺ سَنَتَيْنِ أَقْدَمْنَاهُ مَكَّةَ، أَنَا وَأَبُوهُ، فَقُلْنَا: وَاللهِ لَا نُفَارِقُهُ أَبَدًا وَنَحْنُ نَسْتَطِيعُ، فَلَمَّا أَتَيْنَا أُمَّهُ، قُلْنَا لَهَا: أَيْ ظِئْرُ، وَاللهِ مَا رَأَيْنَا صَبِيًّا قَطُّ أَعْظَمَ بَرَكَةً مِنْهُ، وَإِنَّا نَتَخَوَّفُ عَلَيْهِ وَبَاءَ مَكَّةَ وَأَسْقَامَهَا، فَدَعِيهِ، نَرْجِعُ بِهِ حَتَّى تَبْرَئِي مِنْ دَائِكِ، فَلَمْ نَزَلْ بِهَا حَتَّى أَذِنَتْ، فَرَجَعْنَا بِهِ، فَأَقَمْنَا أَشْهُرًا ثَلَاثَةً أَوْ أَرْبَعَةً، فَبَيْنَا هُوَ يَلْعَبُ خَلْفَ الْبُيُوتِ هُوَ وَأَخُوهُ فِي غَنَمٍ لَهُمْ، إِذْ أَتَى أَخُوهُ يَشْتَدُّ، وَأَنَا وَأَبُوهُ فِي الْبَيْتِ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّ أَخِي الْقُرَشِيَّ أَتَاهُ رَجُلَانِ عَلَيْهِمَا ثِيَابٌ بِيضٌ فَأَخَذَاهُ فَأَضْجَعَاهُ فَشَقَّا بَطْنَهُ، فَخَرَجْتُ أَنَا وَأَبُوهُ نَشْتَدُّ، فَوَجَدْنَاهُ قَائِمًا قَدِ انْتَقَعَ لَوْنُهُ، فَلَمَّا رَآنَا أَجْهَشَ إِلَيْنَا وَبَكَى، قَالَتْ: فَالْتَزَمْتُهُ أَنَا وَأَبُوهُ فَضَمَمْنَاهُ إِلَيْنَا، فَقُلْنَا: مَا لَكَ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي ؟ فَقَالَ: أَتَانِي رَجُلَانِ فَأَضْجَعَانِي فَشَقَّا بَطْنِي فَصَنَعَ بِهِ شَيْئًا، ثُمَّ رَدَّاهُ كَمَا هُوَ، فَقَالَ أَبُوهُ: وَاللهِ مَا أَرَى ابْنِي إِلَّا وَقَدْ أُصِيبَ، الْحَقِي بِأَهْلِهِ فَرُدِّيهِ إِلَيْهِمْ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَظْهَرَ بِهِ مَا يُتَخَوَّفُ مِنْهُ، قَالَتْ: فَاحْتَمَلْنَاهُ، فَقَدِمْنَا عَلَى أُمِّهِ، فَلَمَّا رَأَتْنَا أَنْكَرَتْ شَأْنَنَا، وَقَالَتْ: مَا رَجَعَكُمَا بِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَسْأَلَكُمَاهُ، وَقَدْ كُنْتُمَا حَرِيصَيْنِ عَلَى حَبْسِهِ ؟ فَقُلْنَا: لَا شَيْءَ، إِلَّا أَنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى قَدْ قَضَى الرَّضَاعَةَ، وَسَرَّنَا مَا تَرَيْنَ، وَقُلْنَا نُؤَدِّيهِ كَمَا تُحِبُّونَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْنَا، قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ: إِنَّ لَكُمَا لَشَأْنًا، فَأَخْبِرَانِي مَا هُوَ ؟ فَلَمْ تَدَعْنَا حَتَّى أَخْبَرْنَاهَا، فَقَالَتْ: كَلَّا وَاللهِ لَا يَصْنَعُ اللهُ ذَلِكَ بِهِ، إِنَّ لِابْنِي شَأْنًا، أَفَلَا أُخْبِرُكُمَا خَبَرَهُ ؟ إِنِّي حَمَلْتُ بِهِ فَوَاللهِ مَا حَمَلْتُ حَمْلًا قَطُّ كَانَ أَخَفَّ عَلَيَّ مِنْهُ وَلَا أَيْسَرَ مِنْهُ، ثُمَّ رَأَيْتُ حِينَ حَمَلْتُهُ أَنَّهُ خَرَجَ مِنِّي نُورٌ أَضَاءَ مِنْهُ أَعْنَاقُ الْإِبِلِ بِبُصْرَى، أَوْ قَالَتْ: قُصُورُ بُصْرَى، ثُمَّ وَضَعْتُهُ حِينَ وَضَعْتُهُ، فَوَاللهِ مَا وَقَعَ كَمَا يَقَعُ الصِّبْيَانُ، لَقَدْ وَقَعَ مُعْتَمِدًا بِيَدِهِ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ رَافِعًا رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ، فَدَعَاهُ عَنْكُمَا، فَقَبَضَتْهُ وَانْطَلَقْنَا.

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. And Hb b. Jarīr b. Ḥāzim
  2. my father
  3. Muḥammad b. Isḥāq
  4. Jahm b. Abū al-Jahm
  5. ʿAbdullāh b. Jaʿfar Aw
  6. Man
  7. ʿAbdullāh b. Jaʿfar

✧ When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was born, Halimah bt. al-Harith came with a group of women from Banu Sa'd b. Bakr seeking infants to nurse in Makkah. Halimah said: 'I set out among the first of the women on a greyish she-donkey of mine, and with me was my husband al-Harith b. 'Abd al-'Uzza, one of Banu Sa'd b. Bakr, then one of Banu Nasirah. Our she-donkey was exhausted, and with me in the caravan was an old she-camel. By Allah, it did not yield a drop of milk in a barren year. The people were so hungry that hardship had worn them down. With me was a son of mine, and by Allah, he did not sleep through our nights, and I found nothing in my breasts to pacify him with, except that we hoped for rain. We had some sheep and we hoped for them. When we arrived in Makkah, there was not one of us but the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was offered to her, and she disliked him. We said, "He is an orphan, and only the father honors the wet-nurse and treats her well." We said, "What can his mother or his uncle or his grandfather do for us?" All my companions took a nursling, but I found nothing. When I found no one else, I went back to him and took him. By Allah, I only took him because I found no one else. I said to my companion, "By Allah, I will take this orphan from Banu 'Abd al-Muttalib; perhaps Allah will benefit us through him. I will not return among my companions without taking something." He said, "You have done well." She said: So I took him and brought him to the saddle. By Allah, no sooner had I brought him to the saddle than I sat down squeezing my breasts with milk until I quenched him and quenched his brother. His father went to that old she-camel of ours and felt her, and behold she was full of milk, so he milked her and gave me to drink and drank himself. He said, "O Halimah, do you know? By Allah, you have obtained a blessed soul. Allah, Most High, has given us through them what we never wished for." She said: So we spent the best night, full and satisfied, and we would not sleep through our nights because of our child. Then we set out returning to our land, I and my companions. I mounted my greyish she-donkey and carried him with me. By the One in whose hand is the soul of Halimah, I outpaced the caravan, until the women were saying, "Wait for us! Is this your she-donkey that you set out on?" I said, "Yes." They said, "She was exhausted when we came. What is the matter with her?" She said: I said, "By Allah, I have carried on her a blessed boy." She said: So we went on, and Allah, Most High, kept increasing us in good every day, until we arrived while the land was in a year of drought. Our shepherds would take the flocks out in the morning and bring them back in the evening, and the sheep of Banu Sa'd would return hungry, while my sheep returned full, fat, and laden with milk, so they were milked and we drank. They would say, "What is the matter with the sheep of al-Harith b. 'Abd al-'Uzza and the sheep of Halimah? They return full and laden with milk while your sheep return hungry. Woe to you! Graze where our shepherds graze." So they grazed with them, but their sheep returned only hungry as before, while my sheep returned as they had been. She said: And he ﷺ grew as no other boy grew. He grew in a day as a boy grows in a month, and in a month as a boy grows in a year. When he ﷺ completed two years, we brought him back to Makkah, I and his father. We said, "By Allah, we will never part with him as long as we are able." When we came to his mother, we said to her, "O wet-nurse, by Allah, we have never seen a child greater in blessing than him, and we fear for him the epidemic of Makkah and its diseases. Leave him with us and we will take him back until you recover from your illness." We kept at her until she gave permission, so we returned with him. We stayed for three or four months. While he was playing behind the houses with his brother among some sheep of theirs, his brother came running, while I and his father were in the house. He said, "My Qurayshi brother: two men in white garments came to him, took him, laid him down, and split open his belly." I and his father rushed out, and we found him standing with his color changed. When he saw us, he burst into tears and wept. She said: I and his father embraced him and held him to us, and we said, "What is the matter with you, may my father and mother be your ransom?" He said, "Two men came to me, laid me down, split open my belly, and did something to it, then restored it as it was." His father said, "By Allah, I think my son has been afflicted. Take him back to his family and return him to them before something we fear appears in him." She said: So we carried him and brought him to his mother. When she saw us, she disapproved of our state and said, "What brought you back with him before I asked you for him, when you had been so eager to keep him?" We said, "Nothing, except that Allah, Most High, has decreed the completion of nursing, and we are pleased with what you see. We thought returning him to you as you love is dearer to us." She said, "You two have some matter. Tell me what it is." She did not let us go until we told her. She said, "No, by Allah, Allah will not do that to him. My son has a great destiny. Shall I not tell you about him? I conceived him, and by Allah, I never had a pregnancy that was lighter or easier than his. Then, when I conceived him, I saw a light come out of me that illuminated the necks of camels in Busra—or she said: the palaces of Busra. Then I gave birth to him, and by Allah, when he was born, he did not fall as children fall. He fell supporting himself with his hands on the ground, raising his head to the sky. So leave him to me." So she took him and we departed.

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