al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2598
✧ What is feared for one who judges without right
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وَقَالَ عَبْدٌ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ، ثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، ثَنَا أَبُو سِنَانٍ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَوْهَبٍ، قَالَ:
إِنَّ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ ؓ، قَالَ لِابْنِ عُمَرَ ؓ: اقْضِ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ، فَقَالَ: لَا أَقْضِي بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ، وَلَا أَؤُمُّهُمَا، قَالَ: فَإِنَّ أَبَاكَ ؓ كَانَ يَقْضِي، قَالَ: كَانَ أَبِي يَقْضِي، فَإِنْ أَشْكَلَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ سَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ، وَإِنْ أَشْكَلَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ سَأَلَ جِبْرِيلَ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ، وَأَنَا لَا أَجِدُ مَنْ أَسْأَلُهُ، وَإِنِّي لَسْتُ مِثْلَ أَبِي، وَإِنَّهُ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ الْقُضَاةَ ثَلَاثَةٌ: رَجُلٌ خَافَ فَمَالَ بِهِ هَوًى فَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ، [وَرَجُلٌ تَكَلَّفَ الْقَضَاءَ فَقَضَى بِجَهْلٍ فَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ]، وَرَجُلٌ اجْتَهَدَ فَأَصَابَ فَذَاكَ يَنْجُو كَفَافًا لَا لَهُ وَلَا عَلَيْهِ، وَهَلْ سَمِعْتَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: مَنْ عَاذَ بِاللهِ فَقَدْ عَاذَ بِمَعَاذٍ، قَالَ: بَلَى. قَالَ: فَإِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِاللهِ مِنْكَ أَنْ تَجْعَلَنِي قَاضِيًا، فَأَعْفَاهُ، وَقَالَ: لَا تُخْبِرَنَّ أَحَدًا
Translation
Chain of narrators
- ʿAbd
- Abū al-Walīd
- Ḥammād b. Salamah
- Abū Sinān
- Yazīd b. ʿAbdullāh b. Mawhab
✧ Uthman b. Affan ؓ said to Ibn Umar ؓ: Judge between the people. He said: I will not judge between two men, nor lead them in prayer. He said: Your father ؓ used to judge. He said: My father used to judge, and if something was unclear to him, he asked the Prophet ﷺ, and if something was unclear to the Prophet ﷺ, he asked Gabriel ﷺ. But I do not find anyone to ask, and I am not like my father. It has reached me that judges are three: a man who feared [God] but his desire swayed him, so he is in the Fire; [a man who undertook judgment and judged ignorantly, so he is in the Fire]; and a man who strove and was correct; that one escapes with neither gain nor loss. Have you heard the Messenger of God ﷺ say: Whoever seeks refuge in God has sought refuge in a true refuge? He said: Yes. He said: Then I seek refuge in God from you making me a judge. So he excused him and said: Do not tell anyone.
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Narrators
- One of the Companions who narrated most often, and one of the ʿAbādilah; he was among the people most strict in following the narrations (athar).d. 72 AH, or 73 AH, or 74 AH, also said: 75 AHعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِأحد المكثرين من الصحابة والعبادلة ، وكان من أشد الناس اتباعا للأثرإن
- يَزِيدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَوْهَبٍعن
- weak in ḥadīth (layyin al-ḥadīth)d. 150 AHأَبُو سِنَانٍلين الحديثحدثنا
- trustworthy (thiqah), devout (ʿābid), the most reliable of people in narrating from Thābit; his memory changed towards the end of his lifed. 167 AH, or 165 AH.حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَثقه عابد ، أثبت الناس في ثابت ، وتغير حفظه بآخرهحدثنا
- trustworthy, precise (thiqah thabt)d. 226 AH, or 227 AH, also said: 229 AHأَبُو الْوَلِيدِثقة ثبتحدثنا
- trustworthy, a memorizer (thiqah ḥāfiẓ)d. 249 AHعَبْدٌثقة حافظ
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.