al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2458
✧ Jizya and truce
Show the chain
وَقَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ: حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، ثَنِي أَبُو سَعْدٍ - هُوَ الْبَقَّالُ - عَنْ نَصْرِ بْنِ عَاصِمٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ فَرْوَةُ بْنُ نَوْفَلٍ الْأَشْجَعِيُّ:
عَلَامَ تُؤْخَذُ الْجِزْيَةُ مِنَ الْمَجُوسِ وَلَيْسُوا أَهْلَ كِتَابٍ ؟ فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ الْمُسْتَوْرِدُ ؓ، فَأَخَذَ بِتَلْبِيبَتِهِ فَقَالَ: يَا عَدُوَّ اللهِ، أَتَطْعَنُ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ ؓ ؟ وَذَهَبَ بِهِ إِلَى الْقَصْرِ، فَخَرَجَ عَلَيْهِمَا عَلِيٌّ ؓ، فَقَالَ: الْبَدَاءَ - قَالَ سُفْيَانُ: يَقُولُ: اجْلِسَا - فَجَلَسَا فِي ظِلِّ الْقَصْرِ، فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِقَوْلِهِ، فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ: أَنَا أَعْلَمُ النَّاسِ بِالْمَجُوسِ، كَانَ لَهُمْ عِلْمٌ يُعَلِّمُونَهُ وَكِتَابٌ يَدْرُسُونَهُ، وَإِنَّ مَلِكَهُمْ سَكِرَ يَوْمًا فَوَقَعَ عَلَى بِنْتِهِ أَوْ أُخْتِهِ، فَاطَّلَعَ عَلَيْهِ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ مَمْلَكَتِهِ، فَلَمَّا صَحَا جَاؤُوا يُقِيمُونَ عَلَيْهِ الْحَدَّ فَامْتَنَعَ مِنْهُمْ وَدَعَا أَهْلَ مَمْلَكَتِهِ، فَقَالَ: أَتَعْلَمُونَ دِينًا خَيْرًا مِنْ دِينِ آدَمَ ؟ وَقَدْ كَانَ يُنْكِحُ بَنِيهِ بَنَاتِهِ، وَأَنَا عَلَى دِينِ آدَمَ فَمَا يَرْغَبُ بِكُمْ عَنْ دِينِهِ ؟ فَبَايَعُوهُ وَقَاتَلُوا الَّذِينَ خَالَفُوهُمْ حَتَّى قُتِلُوا، فَأَصْبَحُوا وَقَدْ أُسْرِيَ عَلَى كِتَابِهِمْ، فَرُفِعَ مِنْ بَيْنِ أَظْهُرِهِمْ، وَذَهَبَ الْعِلْمُ الَّذِي فِي صُدُورِهِمْ، فَهُمْ أَهْلُ كِتَابٍ وَقَدْ أَخَذَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ ؓ مِنْهُمُ الْجِزْيَةَ
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Ibn Abū ʿUmar
- Sufyān Thanī Abū Saʿd
- al-Baqqāl
- Naṣr b. ʿĀṣim
- Farwah b. Nawfal al-Ashjaʿī
✧ On what basis is the jizya taken from the Magians when they are not People of the Book? Al-Mustawrid ؓ stood up to him, seized him by the collar, and said: O enemy of God, do you criticize Abu Bakr and Umar ؓ? He took him to the palace, and Ali ؓ came out to them and said: Al-bada' — Sufyan said: he means, 'Sit down.' So they sat in the shade of the palace. He told him what he had said, and Ali ؓ said: I am the most knowledgeable of people about the Magians. They had knowledge which they taught and a book which they studied. Their king became drunk one day and fell upon his daughter or his sister. Some of the people of his kingdom observed him, and when he sobered up they came to impose the prescribed punishment on him, but he refused them and summoned the people of his kingdom and said: Do you know of a religion better than the religion of Adam? He used to marry his sons to his daughters, and I am upon the religion of Adam, so what would make you averse to his religion? So they pledged allegiance to him and fought those who opposed them until they were killed. When morning came, their book had been taken up by night and removed from among them, and the knowledge that was in their breasts was gone. Thus they are People of the Book, and the Messenger of God ﷺ, Abu Bakr, and Umar ؓ took the jizya from them.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording. Ask what scholars say about its grade
What scholars said about it
In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.
- Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī
إسناد حسن
machine translationIts chain of transmission (isnād) is good (ḥasan).
in المطالب العالية, p. 2458 - الزيلعى
سعيد بن المرزبان مجروح قال يحيى القطان لا أستحل أروي عنه وقال ابن معين ليس بشيء ولا يكتب حديثه وقال الفلاس متروك الحديث وقال أبو أسامة كان ثقة وقال أبو زرعة هو مدلس
machine translationSaʿīd b. al-Marzubān is criticised (majrūḥ). Yaḥyā al-Qaṭṭān said: "I do not consider it permissible to narrate from him." Ibn Maʿīn said: "He is nothing, and his hadith is not to be written." Al-Fallās said: "He is abandoned in hadith (matrūk al-ḥadīth)." Abū Usāmah said: "He was trustworthy (thiqah)." Abū Zurʿah said: "He is a concealer of defects (mudallis)."
in المطالب العالية, p. 2458 - Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr
فيه ضعف يدور على أبي سعد البقال واسمه سعيد بن المرزبان وليس بقوي عندهم وقد سئل عنه أبو زرعة الرازي عنه فقال صدوق مدلس وقال مرة لين الحديث فيه ضعف قيل هو صدوق قال نعم كان لا يكذب
machine translationThere is weakness in it, which revolves around Abū Saʿd al-Baqqāl, whose name is Saʿīd b. al-Marzubān, and he is not strong according to them. Abū Zurʿah al-Rāzī was asked about him and said: "Truthful (ṣadūq), a concealer of defects (mudallis)." Another time he said: "Soft in hadith (layyin al-ḥadīth), there is weakness in him." It was said: "Is he truthful?" He said: "Yes, he did not lie."
in المطالب العالية, p. 2458
Other narrations of this report
Musnad Ahmad 1672Musannaf 'Abd al-Razzaq 10100Musannaf 'Abd al-Razzaq 19335Musannaf 'Abd al-Razzaq 19341al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 18722
Narrators
- One of the ten (promised Paradise)d. 40 AHعَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍأحد العشرةفي حكم العنعنة
- Trustworthy (thiqah), accused of holding the view of the Khawārij, and his retraction from it is authenticd. after 80 AHنَصْرِ بْنِ عَاصِمٍثقة رمي برأي الخوارج وصح رجوعه عنهعن
- weak (ḍaʿīf), a concealer of defects (mudallis)d. after 140 AHأَبُو سَعْدٍ - هُوَ الْبَقَّالُ -ضعيف مدلسحدثنى
- Trustworthy (thiqah), a memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), a jurist (faqīh), an imam and a proof (ḥujjah), except that his memory changed towards the end of his life; he sometimes practiced concealment (tadlīs), but only from trustworthy narrators.d. 197 AH or 198 AHسُفْيَانُثقة حافظ فقيه , إمام حجة إلا أنه تغير حفظه بأخرة , وكان ربما دلس لكن عن الثقاتحدثنا
- Truthful (ṣadūq); he compiled a Musnad and was a close companion of Ibn ʿUyaynah; but Abū Ḥātim said: He had some heedlessness (ghaflah)d. 243 AH, also said: 244 AHابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَصدوق ، صنف المسند ، وكان لازم ابن عيينة ، لكن قال أبو حاتم : كانت فيه غفلة
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.