Dalil
العربية

Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah 413

✧ Recommendation of praying Fajr in the dark (Taghlis)

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- وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ ابْنُ أَبِي عَدِيٍّ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ مَوْقُوفًا، وَلَمْ يَذْكُرِ الْحُمْرَةَ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ. 413 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا بِهِمَا أَبُو مُوسَى، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عَدِيٍّ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ. ( ح ) وَحَدَّثَنَا أَيْضًا أَبُو مُوسَى، قَالَ:

حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عَدِيٍّ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ كِلَيْهِمَا، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ. بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ مَوْقُوفًا لَيْسَ فِيهِ ذِكْرُ الْحُمْرَةِ. قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: وَالْوَاجِبُ فِي النَّظَرِ إِذَا لَمْ يَثْبُتْ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّ الشَّفَقَ هُوَ الْحُمْرَةُ. وَثَبَتَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّ أَوَّلَ وَقْتِ الْعِشَاءِ إِذَا غَابَ الشَّفَقُ أَنْ لَا يُصَلِّيَ الْعِشَاءَ حَتَّى يَذْهَبَ بَيَاضُ الْأُفُقِ؛ لِأَنَّ مَا يَكُونُ مَعْدُومًا فَهُوَ مَعْدُومٌ، حَتَّى يُعْلَمَ كَوْنُهُ بِيَقِينٍ، فَمَا لَمْ يُعْلَمْ بِيَقِينٍ أَنَّ وَقْتَ الصَّلَاةِ قَدْ دَخَلَ، لَمْ تَجِبِ الصَّلَاةُ، وَلَمْ يَجُزْ أَنْ يُؤَدِّيَ الْفَرْضَ إِلَّا بَعْدَ يَقِينٍ أَنَّ الْفَرْضَ قَدْ وَجَبَ، فَإِذَا غَابَتِ الْحُمْرَةُ وَالْبَيَاضُ قَائِمٌ لَمْ يَغِبْ، فَدُخُولُ وَقْتِ صَلَاةِ الْعِشَاءِ شَكٌّ لَا يَقِينٌ؛ لِأَنَّ الْعُلَمَاءَ قَدِ اخْتَلَفُوا فِي الشَّفَقِ؛ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمُ: الْحُمْرَةُ، وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمُ: الْبَيَاضُ، وَلَمْ يَثْبُتْ - عِلْمِي - عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّ الشَّفَقَ الْحُمْرَةُ. وَمَا لَمْ يَثْبُتْ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَلَمْ يَتَّفِقِ الْمُسْلِمُونَ عَلَيْهِ، فَغَيْرُ وَاجِبٍ فَرْضُ الصَّلَاةِ إِلَّا أَنْ يُوجِبَهُ اللهُ أَوْ رَسُولُهُ أَوِ الْمُسْلِمُونَ فِي وَقْتٍ، فَإِذَا كَانَ الْبَيَاضُ قَائِمًا فِي الْأُفُقِ، وَقَدِ اخْتَلَفَ الْعُلَمَاءُ فِي إِيجَابِ فَرْضِ صَلَاةِ الْعِشَاءِ، وَلَمْ يَثْبُتْ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ خَبَرٌ بِإِيجَابِ فَرْضِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتِ، فَإِذَا ذَهَبَ الْبَيَاضُ وَاسْوَدَّ فَقَدِ اتَّفَقَ الْعُلَمَاءُ عَلَى إِيجَابِ فَرْضِ صَلَاةِ الْعِشَاءِ فَجَائِزٌ فِي ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتِ أَدَاءُ فَرْضِ تِلْكَ الصَّلَاةِ. وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ بِصِحَّةِ هَذِهِ اللَّفْظَةِ الَّتِي ذَكَرْتُ فِي حَدِيثِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو:،:،::

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. [Chain 1] Shuʿbah Mawqūf Walam Yadhkur al-Ḥumrah
  2. Shuʿbah 413
  3. Abū Ṭāhir
  4. Abū Bakr
  5. Bihimā Abū Mūsá
  6. Ibn Abū ʿAdī
  7. Shuʿbah [Chain 2] Ayḍ Abū Mūsá

✧ Ibn Abi 'Adi narrated to us, from Sa'id, both of them from Qatada, with this hadith as mawquf, without mention of the redness. Abu Bakr said: "The obligatory consideration, if it is not established from the Prophet ﷺ that the twilight is the redness, and it is established from the Prophet ﷺ that the first time for 'Isha' is when the twilight disappears, is that one should not pray 'Isha' until the whiteness of the horizon has gone. Because what is non-existent is non-existent until its existence is known with certainty. So as long as it is not known with certainty that the time of the prayer has entered, the prayer is not obligatory, and it is not permissible to perform the obligatory prayer except after certainty that the obligation has become due. So when the redness has disappeared and the whiteness remains, not gone, the entry of the time of 'Isha' prayer is doubtful, not certain, because the scholars have differed about the twilight: some say it is the redness, and some say it is the whiteness, and it is not established—to my knowledge—from the Prophet ﷺ that the twilight is the redness. Whatever is not established from the Prophet ﷺ and the Muslims have not agreed upon it, the obligation of the prayer is not required except that Allah or His Messenger or the Muslims make it obligatory at a time. So when the whiteness remains on the horizon, and the scholars have differed about the obligation of the 'Isha' prayer, and no report is established from the Prophet ﷺ making the prayer obligatory at that time, then when the whiteness has gone and it has darkened, the scholars have agreed on the obligation of the 'Isha' prayer, so it is permissible at that time to perform the obligation of that prayer. And Allah knows best about the correctness of this wording that I mentioned in the hadith of 'Abd Allah b. 'Amr:..."

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