Sirat Ibn Hisham 918
Ibn al-Ṣāmit's disavowal of their alliance, and what was revealed concerning him and b. Ubayy
[ تَبَرُّؤُ ابْنِ الصَّامِتِ مِنْ حِلْفِهِمْ وَمَا نَزَلَ فِيهِ وَفِي ابْنِ أُبَيٍّ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي أَبِي إسْحَاقُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ، قَالَ: لَمَّا حَارَبَتْ بَنُو قَيْنُقَاعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ، تَشَبَّثَ بِأَمْرِهِمْ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُبَيٍّ ابْنُ سَلُولَ، وَقَامَ دُونَهُمْ قَالَ: وَمَشَى عُبَادَةُ بْنُ الصَّامِتِ إلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَكَانَ أَحَدَ بَنِي عَوْفٍ، لَهُمْ مِنْ حِلْفِهِ مِثْلُ الَّذِي لَهُمْ مِنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أُبَيٍّ، فَخَلَعَهُمْ إلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَتَبَرَّأَ إلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، وَإِلَى رَسُولِهِ ﷺ مِنْ حِلْفِهِمْ، وَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، أَتَوَلَّى اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ ﷺ وَالْمُؤْمِنِينَ، وَأَبْرَأُ مِنْ حِلْفِ هَؤُلَاءِ الْكُفَّارِ وَوِلَايَتِهِمْ. قَالَ: فَفِيهِ وَفِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أُبَيٍّ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْقِصَّةُ مِنْ الْمَائِدَةِ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَتَّخِذُوا الْيَهُودَ وَالنَّصَارَى أَوْلِيَاءَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِيَاءُ بَعْضٍ وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّهُمْ مِنْكُمْ فَإِنَّهُ مِنْهُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ فَتَرَى الَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ مَرَضٌ أَيْ لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أُبَيٍّ وَقَوْلُهُ: إنِّي أَخْشَى الدَّوَائِرَ يُسَارِعُونَ فِيهِمْ يَقُولُونَ نَخْشَى أَنْ تُصِيبَنَا دَائِرَةٌ فَعَسَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ بِالْفَتْحِ أَوْ أَمْرٍ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ فَيُصْبِحُوا عَلَى مَا أَسَرُّوا فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ نَادِمِينَ وَيَقُولُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَهَؤُلَاءِ الَّذِينَ أَقْسَمُوا بِاللَّهِ جَهْدَ أَيْمَانِهِمْ ثُمَّ الْقِصَّةُ إلَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: إِنَّمَا وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلَاةَ وَيُؤْتُونَ الزَّكَاةَ وَهُمْ رَاكِعُونَ وَذَكَرَ لِتُوَلِّي عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَاَلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا، وَتَبَرُّئِهِ مِنْ بَنِي قَيْنُقَاعَ وَحِلْفِهِمْ وَوِلَايَتِهِمْ: وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا فَإِنَّ حِزْبَ اللَّهِ هُمُ الْغَالِبُونَ
Translation
✧ [Ibn al-Ṣāmit's renunciation of their pact and what was revealed concerning him and Ibn Ubayy] Ibn Isḥāq said: My father Isḥāq b. Yasār related to me, from ʿUbādah b. al-Walīd b. ʿUbādah b. al-Ṣāmit, who said: When the Banū Qaynuqāʿ fought against the Messenger of God ﷺ, ʿAbd Allāh b. Ubayy b. Salūl clung to their cause and stood in their defence. He said: And ʿUbādah b. al-Ṣāmit walked to the Messenger of God ﷺ; he was one of the Banū ʿAwf, who had from his pact the like of what they had from ʿAbd Allāh b. Ubayy. He renounced them before the Messenger of God ﷺ and declared himself quit before God, mighty and glorious, and before His Messenger ﷺ of their pact, saying: 'O Messenger of God, I take as protector God and His Messenger ﷺ and the believers, and I dissociate myself from the pact of these disbelievers and their protection.' He said: Concerning him and ʿAbd Allāh b. Ubayy this passage of al-Māʾidah came down: 'O you who believe, do not take the Jews and the Christians as protectors; they are protectors of one another. Whoever of you takes them as protectors is one of them. God does not guide the wrongdoing people.' 'You see those in whose hearts is sickness'—that is, ʿAbd Allāh b. Ubayy and his saying: 'I fear the turns of fortune'—'hastening among them, saying: We fear lest a turn of fortune strike us. Perhaps God will bring the victory or a matter from Him, and they will become regretful for what they concealed in themselves.' 'And the believers say: Are these the ones who swore by God their most binding oaths'—then the passage until the words of Him, exalted: 'Your protector is only God and His Messenger and the believers who perform the prayer and give the alms while bowing.' And he mentioned that for ʿUbādah b. al-Ṣāmit's taking God and His Messenger and the believers as protectors, and his dissociation from the Banū Qaynuqāʿ and their pact and protection: 'Whoever takes as protector God and His Messenger and the believers—the party of God, they are the victorious.'
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